Permeability of rock samples from Cajon Pass, California
C. Morrow, J. Byerlee
1988, Geophysical Research Letters (15) 1033-1036
Hydrologic rock properties are important to the debate about the state of stress and heat flow regime of the San Andreas fault. In particular, these properties are pertinent to whether frictional heat generated by high shear stresses can be convected away by circulating ground water,...
Mineral and whole-rock compositions of seawater-dominated hydrothermal alteration at the Arctic volcanogenic massive sulfide prospect, Alaska
J.M. Schmidt
1988, Economic Geology (83) 822-842
The Arctic volcanogenic massive sulfide prospect, located in the Ambler mineral district of northwestern Alaska, includes three types of hydrothermally altered rocks overlying, underlying, and interlayered with semimassive sulfide mineralization. Hydrothermal alteration of wall rocks and deposition of sulfide and gangue minerals were contemporaneous with Late Devonian or Early Mississippian...
Cycle of earthquake-induced aggradation and related tidal channel shifting, upper Turnagain Arm, Alaska, USA.
S. Bartsch-Winkler
1988, Sedimentology (35) 621-628
Aggradation of intertidal sediment in upper Turnagain Arm, a macrotidal estuary located in southern Alaska near Anchorage, began because of subsidence caused by sediment consolidation and tectonic lowering of the land during the earthquake of March 27, 1964. At the head of the Arm, decrease in percent sand of surface...
Detection of tannins in modern and fossil barks and in plant residues by high-resolution solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance
M. A. Wilson, Patrick G. Hatcher
1988, Organic Geochemistry (12) 539-546
Bark samples isolated from brown coal deposits in Victoria, Australia, and buried wood from Rhizophora mangle have been studies by high-resolution solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. Dipolar dephasing 13C NMR appears to be a useful method of detecting the presence of tannins in geochemical samples including barks, buried woods, peats and leaf...
Coastal erosion: Processes, timing and magnitudes at the bluff toe
C.H. Carter, D.E. Guy Jr.
1988, Marine Geology (84) 1-17
Five Lake Erie bluffs (one interlaminated clay and silt, three clay-rich diamicts and one shale) were surveyed at about 2-week intervals and after wind storms for up to 5 years. Erosion of the bluff toes along this low-energy coast occurred during...
The San Ardo, California, earthquake of 24 November 1985
C.M. Poley
1988, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (78) 1360-1366
No abstract available....
Aftershock patterns and main shock faulting
C. Mendoza, S.H. Hartzell
1988, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (78) 1438-1449
We have compared aftershock patterns following several moderate to large earthquakes with the corresponding distributions of coseismic slip obtained from previous analyses of the recorded strong ground motion and teleseismic waveforms. Well-located aftershock hypocenters are projected onto the main shock fault plane, and their positions are examined relative to the...
Facies composition calculated from the sonic, neutron, and density log suite, upper part of the Minnelusa Formation, Powder River basin, Wyoming
J. W. Schmoker, Christopher J. Schenk
1988, Mountain Geologist (25) 103-112
Sandstones and dolomites of the Permian upper part of the Minnelusa Formation are treated here as four-component systems consisting of fluid-filled pore space, quartz, dolomite, and anhydrite. Response equations of sonic, neutron, and density logs form a system of four simultaneous equations. With four equations and four unknowns, the composition...
Geologic characterization of seismic sources: Moving into the 1990s
David P. Schwartz
1988, Conference Paper, Geotechnical Special Publication
The objective of this paper is to discuss leading-edge directions in paleoseismology and seismic geology, particularly as they relate to characterizing seismic sources. The paper builds on earlier articles that discuss some of these trends (Schwartz and Coppersmith, 1986; Schwartz, 1987). There are several areas that appear to be especially...
Late Cenozoic offsets on the offshore connection between the Fairweather and Queen Charlotte faults off southeast Alaska
P.R. Carlson, T.R. Bruns, George Plafker
1988, Marine Geology (85) 89-97
Closely spaced seismic reflection profiles permit us to extend the onshore Fairweather fault across the continental margin off southeast Alaska to the Queen Charlotte fault. Evidence for Quaternary movement along this major plate boundary includes 20–40-m high sea-floor scarps, offset subsurface...
Acid rain damage to carbonate stone: a quantitative assessment based on the aqueous geochemistry of rainfall runoff from stone
M.M. Reddy
1988, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (13) 335-354
An onsite experimental procedure was used to identify and quantify acid rain damage to carbonate stone, based on the change in rain runoff chemical composition. Onsite data obtained during the summer and fall of 1984 at three locations in the northeastern United States indicate that carbonate stone surface recession is...
Structure, age and origin of the bay-mouth shoal deposits, Chesapeake Bay, Virginia
Steven M. Colman, C. Rick Berquist Jr., C. H. Hobbs III
1988, Marine Geology (83) 95-113
The mouth of Chesapeake Bay contains a distinctive shoal complex and related deposits that result from the complex interaction of three different processes: (1) progradation of a barrier spit at the southern end of the Delmarva Peninsula, (2) strong, reversing tidal...
Forecasting petroleum discoveries in sparsely drilled areas: Nigeria and the North Sea
E. D. Attanasi, D. H. Root
1988, Mathematical Geology (20) 763-776
Decline function methods for projecting future discoveries generally capture the crowding effects of wildcat wells on the discovery rate. However, these methods do not accommodate easily situations where exploration areas and horizons are expanding. In this paper, a method is presented that uses a mapping algorithm for separating these often...
Two-dimensional Lagrangian simulation of suspended sediment
David H. Schoellhamer
1988, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (114) 1192-1209
A two‐dimensional laterally averaged model for suspended sediment transport in steady gradually varied flow that is based on the Lagrangian reference frame is presented. The layered Lagrangian transport model (LLTM) for suspended sediment performs laterally averaged Lagrangian calculations with steady or unsteady upstream boundary concentration. The elevations of nearly horizontal...
Cratering history of Miranda: Implications for geologic processes
J. B. Plescia
1988, Icarus (73) 442-461
Miranda's surface is divisible into cratered terrain and coronae. The cratered terrain is the most heavily cratered of the terrains and presumably is the oldest. The frequency of craters in the cratered terrain is variable and related to position on the satellite. The coronae are also variably cratered. Elsinore and...
The feasibility of using sequential extraction techniques for As and Se in soils and sediments
Karen A. Gruebel, James A. Davis, James O. Leckie
1988, Soil Science Society of America Journal (52) 390-397
Laboratory experiments were conducted with well-characterized minerals to test the applicability of selective extraction schemes for Se and As partitioning in soils and sediments. Two specific steps were tested: the reductive dissolution of amorphous iron oxides and the oxidation of organic material. Selenium and As associated with amorphous iron oxides...
The association of uranium with organic matter in Holocene peat: An experimental leaching study
R. A. Zielinski, A. L. Meier
1988, Applied Geochemistry (3) 631-643
Uraniferous peat was sampled from surface layers of a Holocene U deposit in northeastern Washington State. Dried, sized, and homogenized peat that contained5980 ±307 ppm U was subjected to a variety of leaching conditions to determine the nature and strength of...
Range indices of geomagnetic activity
W.F. Stuart, A.W. Green Jr.
1988, Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics (50) 501-506
The simplest index of geomagnetic activity is the range in nT from maximum to minimum value of the field in a given time interval. The hourly range R was recommended by IAGA for use at observatories at latitudes greater than 65??, but was superceded by AE. The most used geomagnetic...
Forecast model for great earthquakes at the Nankai Trough subduction zone
W.D. Stuart
1988, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (126) 619-641
An earthquake instability model is formulated for recurring great earthquakes at the Nankai Trough subduction zone in southwest Japan. The model is quasistatic, two-dimensional, and has a displacement and velocity dependent constitutive law applied at the fault plane. A constant rate of fault slip at depth represents forcing due to...
Experimental Marvin Windshield Effects on Precipitation Records in Leadville, Colorado
Robert D. Jarrett, Loren W. Crow
1988, Water Resources Bulletin (24) 615-626
An evaluation of the Leadville, Colorado, precipitation records that include a reported record-breaking storm (and flood) at higher elevations in the Rocky Mountains has indicated that the use of an experimental Marvin windshield (designed to decrease the effects of wind on precipitation-gage catchment of snow during winter) resulted in substantially...
A test of uranium-series dating of fossil tooth enamel: Results from Tournal Cave, France
J. L. Bischoff, R.J. Rosenbauer, A. Tavoso, Henry de Lumley
1988, Applied Geochemistry (3) 145-151
A series of well preserved mammal bones and horse teeth was analyzed from archaeological levels of Tournal Cave (Magdalenian, Aurignacian, and Mousterain) to test the hypothesis that well-crystallized enamel behaves more as a closed system than does whole bone. The isotopic...
Paleomagnetic constraints on rotation within Mount Abbot quadrangle, central Sierra Nevada, California
Stephanie L. Ross
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (93) 11711-11720
The regional photolineament pattern in Mount Abbot quadrangle in the central Sierra Nevada is sigmoidal in plan view. The fractures in the southwest section of the quadrangle, near Florence Lake, strike N10°–20°E, while those in the central section, along Bear Creek, strike N50°–70°E and those in the northeast strike N25°–40°E....
Distribution and mobility of selenium and other trace elements in shallow groundwater of the western San Joaquin Valley, California
S. J. Deverel, S.P. Milliard
1988, Environmental Science & Technology (22) 697-702
Samples of shallow groundwater that underlies much of the irrigated area in the western San Joaquin Valley, CA, were analyzed for various major ions and trace elements, including selenium. Concentrations of the major ions generally were similar for groundwater collected in the two primary geologic zones - the alluvial fan...
Migration of historical earthquakes in California
C.-Y. King, Z. Ma
1988, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (127) 627-639
Most large earthquakes of magnitude ???6.0 in California during 1852-1987 appear to show a southeast-to-northwest tendency of epicenter migration. This finding is consistent with earlier findings of Savage (1971) for a relatively few large earthquakes along the west coast of North America, and of Wood and Allen (1973) for smaller...
Populations, productivity, and feeding habits of seabirds on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska: Final report
John F. Piatt, Scott A. Hatch, Bay D. Roberts, Wayne W. Lidster, John L. Wells, J. Christopher Haney
1988, Report
A field camp was established at Kongkok Bay near the southwest cape of St. Lawrence Island and occupied continuously from 24 May to 2 September 1987. Permanent study plots were selected for both cliff and crevice-nesting species, and regular observations were made throughout the breeding season to document attendance patterns,...
