Winter distribution and oiling of common terns in Trinidad: A further look
R.M. Erwin, G. J. Smith, R. B. Clapp
1986, Journal of Field Ornithology (57) 300-308
Common Terns were studied during January and March 1985 in Trinidad as part of wintering terns in Latin America. Eighty-nine birds were captured, 33 in January, 56 in March. Terns averaged 102 .+-. 0.9 g, with March birds weighing more than those caught in January. This weight is similar...
Effect of Orthene on an unconfined population of the meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus)
David A. Jett, James D. Nichols, James E. Hines
1986, Canadian Journal of Zoology (64) 243-250
The possible impact on Microtus pennsylvanicus of ground applications of Orthene® insecticide was investigated in old-field habitats in northern Maryland during 1982 and 1983. The treatment grids in 1982 and 1983 were sprayed at 0.62 and 0.82 kg active ingredient/ha, respectively. A capture–recapture design robust to unequal capture probabilities was utilized to estimate population...
Trap-related injuries to gray wolves in Minnesota
David W. Kuehn, Todd K. Fuller, L. David Mech, William J. Paul, Steven H. Fritts, William E. Berg
1986, Journal of Wildlife Management (50) 90-91
Gray wolves (Canis lupus) captured in traps with toothed jaws offset 1.8 cm incurred fewer injuries than those captured in 3 other types of steel traps. Few wolves seriously damaged canine or carnassial teeth while in traps....
Sources of variation in extinction rates, turnover, and diversity of marine invertebrate families during the Paleozoic
J.D. Nichols, R.W. Morris, C. Brownie, K. H. Pollock
1986, Paleobiology (12) 421-432
We have recently shown how capture-recapture models can be used in conjunction with stratigraphic range data to estimate taxonomic extinction rates and taxonomic diversity. Here we present a new method that can be used to estimate taxonomic turnover (defined here as the proportion of taxa extant at...
[Book review] Utah birds: Geographic distribution and systematics, by W.H. Behle
Richard C. Banks
1986, Wildlife Review (201) 537-538
Review of: Behle, William H. 1985. Utah Birds: Geographic Distribution and Systematics. Occasional Publication No. 5, Utah Museum of Natural History, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. 147 pp....
Hatching success of Caspian terns nesting in the lower Laguna Madre, Texas, USA
C. A. Mitchell, T. W. Custer
1986, Colonial Waterbirds (9) 86-89
The average clutch size of Caspian Terns nesting in a colony in the Lower Laguna Madre near Laguna Vista, Texas, USA in 1984 was 1.9 eggs per nest. Using the Mayfield method for calculating success, one egg hatched in 84.1% of the nests and 69.8% of the eggs laid hatched....
Mercury, cadmium, lead, and selenium in three waterbird species nesting in Galveston Bay, Texas, USA
Kirk A. King, E. Cromartie
1986, Colonial Waterbirds (9) 90-94
Heavy metal and selenium concentrations were determined in Olivaceous Cormorants (Phalacrocorax olivaceus ), Laughing gulls (Larus atricilla ), and Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger ) nesting in Galveston Bay, Texas, during 1980-81. Lead was detected at low levels in a small proportion of the liver samples. Mercury was present...
Subspecies of the greater scaup and their names
Richard C. Banks
1986, The Wilson Bulletin (98) 433-444
The name Fuligula mariloides Vigors, presently used by many authors for a subspecies of the Greater Scaup, Aythya marila, was originally proposed for the Lesser Scaup, A. afinis, and may not be used in combination with the name marila. The name mariloides has been applied to a population of Greater...
Use of an inactivated eastern equine encephalitis virus vaccine in cranes
J. W. Carpenter, F. J. Dein, G.G. Clark, D.M. Watts, C.L. Crabbs
1986, American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, Annual Proceedings (1986) 88 (abs)
An unprecedented outbreak of fatal eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) virus occurred during the late summer and fall of 1984 in endangered whooping cranes (Grus americana) at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Maryland. As part of efforts to prevent future epizootics of EEE. studies were conducted to evaluate the...
Effect of anosmia on reproduction in male and female wolves (Canis lupus)
C. S. Asa, U.S. Seal, E.D. Plotka, M.A. Letellier, L.D. Mech
1986, Behavioral and Neural Biology (46) 272-284
Anosmia was produced in two female and three male wolves by transection of the olfactory peduncle and was confirmed by their inability to detect meat, urine, feces, anal-gland secretions, and fish emulsion. All operated animals continued to investigate the environment with their noses, to interact normally with other pack members,...
Nesting of the masked booby on the Dry Tortugas, Florida: The first record for the contiguous United States
R. B. Clapp, W.R. Robertson Jr.
1986, Colonial Waterbirds (9) 113-116
In both 1984 and 1985 Masked Boobies (Sula dactylatra) attempted to nest on sandy islets at the Dry Tortugas, Florida. Nesting attempts failed because the nest sites were washed away by summer storms. It seems likely that this species will eventually nest there successfully and will establish a small breeding...
Range extension for the gray-backed tern in the western Pacific
R. B. Clapp, J.J. Hatch
1986, Colonial Waterbirds (9) 110-112
About 75 pairs of Gray-backed Terns (Sterna lunata) nested on Guguan in the Northern Mariana Islands in 1979. This locality represents a breeding range extension of about 2000 km to the west of the westernmost previously known colony. The species is also reported for the first time from Uracas, northernmost...
Lead concentrations in bullfrog Rana catesbeiana and green frog R. clamitans tadpoles inhabiting highway drainages
C.W. Birdsall, C.E. Grue, A. Anderson
1986, Environmental Pollution (Series A) (40) 233-247
Lead concentrations were determined in sediment and tadpoles of bullfrogs Rana catesbeiana and green frogs R. clamitans from drainages along highways with different daily average traffic volumes (range, 4272 to I08,800 vehicles day-I) and from ponds >0.4 km from the nearest highway. Lead concentrations (mg kg--I dry weight) in sediment...
Constant-parameter capture-recapture models
C. Brownie, J.E. Hines, J.D. Nichols
1986, Biometrics (42) 561-574
Jolly (1982, Biometrics 38, 301-321) presented modifications of the Jolly-Seber model for capture-recapture data, which assume constant survival and/or capture rates. Where appropriate, because of the reduced number of parameters, these models lead to more efficient estimators than the Jolly-Seber model. The tests to compare models given by Jolly do...
A summary of alcid records from Hawaii
R. B. Clapp
1986, Colonial Waterbirds (9) 104-107
Abstract.-Four species of alcids have now been recorded frorn Hawaii. Two of them, the Tufted Puffin (Fratercula cirrhata and the Cassin's Auklet (Ptychoramchus aleuticus) have been found only once; the occurrence of the latter is reported here for the first time. two other alcids, the Horned Puffin (Fratercula arctica) and...
Seasonal influence of nutrients on the physiology and behavior of captive canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria)
Matthew C. Perry
1986, Dissertation Abstracts International (46B) 3291 (abs)
Captive canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria) were maintained ad libitum on five diets during the winters of 1978-79 and 1979-80 to evaluate the effects of varying protein and energy levels on feed intake and condition. Diets were formulated to simulate either a natural diet high in invertebrates or one high in vegetation....
Mid-winter food use and body weights of mallards and wood ducks in Mississippi
Don Delnicki, K. J. Reinecke
1986, Journal of Wildlife Management (50) 43-51
We obtained esophageal food samples from 311 mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and 94 wood ducks (Aix sponsa) and body weights from 2,118 mallards and 315 wood ducks in western Mississippi during December and January 1979-83. On average, mallards ingested 3.0% animal food, principally aquatic invertebrates, and 97.0% plant food. Rice, soybeans,...
Effects of environmental contaminants on snapping turtles of a tidal wetland
P.H. Albers, L. Sileo, B.M. Mulhern
1986, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (15) 39-49
Snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina) were collected from a brackish-water and a nearly freshwater area in the contaminated Hackensack Meadowlands of New Jersey and an uncontaminated freshwater area in Maryland to determine the effects of environmental contaminants on a resident wetland species. No turtles were observed or caught in the Meadowlands...
Reproductive success and heavy metal contamination in Rhode Island common terns
T. W. Custer, J. C. Franson, John F. Moore, J.E. Myers
1986, Environmental Pollution (Series A) (41) 33-52
Common tern cIutch size, reproductive success and growth of young recorded from an abandoned barge on the Providence River, an area of heavy metal contamination, were equal to, or greater than, .from less contaminated areas. Concentrations of copper and zinc were higher in livers of nestling terns from the Providence...
A taxonomic reevaluation of the plain pigeon (Columba inornata)
Richard C. Banks
1986, The Auk (103) 629-631
Three subspecies of the Plain Pigeon (Columba inornata) were described in 1915 from very small samples, and the diagnostic color differences among them were rather minor. Examination of the small series (including two types) of the subspecies in the National Museum of Natural History (USNM) revealed that the quality of...
Demography, environmental uncertainty, and the evolution of mate desertion in the snail kite
Steven Beissinger
1986, Ecology (67) 1445-1459
The Snail Kite (Rostrhamus sociabilis), an endangered hawk, has a unique mating system in Florida (Beissinger and Snyder 1987): when food is abundant, males or females desert their mates at nearly equal frequency (ambisexual mate desertion) in the midst of a nesting cycle. I examined the demographic and environmental constraints...
Embryonic mortality and abnormalities of aquatic birds: Apparent impacts of selenium from irrigation drainwater
H. M. Ohlendorf, D. J. Hoffman, M. K. Saiki, Thomas W. Aldrich
1986, Science of the Total Environment (52) 49-63
Severe reproductive impacts were found in aquatic birds nesting on irrigation drainwater ponds in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Of 347 nests studied to late incubation or to hatching, 40.6% had at least one dead embryo and 19.6% had at least one embryo or chick with an obvious external...
Association between PCBs and lower embryonic weight in black-crowned night herons in San Francisco Bay
D. J. Hoffman, Barnett A. Rattner, C.M. Bunck, A. J. Krynitsky, H. M. Ohlendorf, Roy W. Lowe
1986, Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health (19) 383-391
Reproductive problems, including congenital malformations, reduced hatching success, and decreased survival of hatchlings, have been observed in colonial-nesting water birds at the San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge (SFBNWR). Twenty-four black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) eggs were collected from SFBNWR in 1983. Twelve of these were collected...
Reproductive toxicity of monocrotophos to bobwhite quail
K. L. Stromborg
1986, Poultry Science (65) 51-57
Pairs of 1st-year breeding bobwhites were fed constant or decreasing concentrations of monocrotophos for 15 days. In addition, a control diet was used in a pair-fed group matched with the pairs in the constant group. Dietary concentrations for the constant group were logarithmically spaced at .100, .178, .316, .562, 1.000...
DDE, DDT + dieldrin: Residues in American kestrels and relations to reproduction
Stanley N. Wiemeyer, Richard D. Porter, Gary L. Hensler, J.R. Maestrelli
1986, Fish and Wildlife Technical Report 6
Captive American kestrels (Falco sparverius) given long-term dietary dosages of DDT and dieldrin in combination, at low and high rates, were compared with controls to determine the effects of the toxicants on reproductive success and eggshell thickness. Additional kestrels were dosed with DDE to determine its effect on shell...
