Lead poisoning and trace elements in common eiders Somateria mollissima from Finland
Tuula E. Hollmén, J. C. Franson, R.H. Poppenga, Martti Hario, Mikaei Kilpi
1998, Wildlife Biology (4) 193-203
We collected carcasses of 52 common eider Somateria mollissima adults and ducklings and blood samples from 11 nesting eider hens in the Gulf of Finland near Helsinki in 1994, 1995 and 1996. Samples of liver tissue were analysed for arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, selenium...
Relation of lead exposure to sediment ingestion in mute swans on the Chesapeake Bay, USA
W. N. Beyer, D. Day, Alexandra Morton, Y. Pachepsky
1998, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (17) 2298-2301
Although wildlife risk assessments are generally based on the accumulation of environmental contaminants through food chains, wildlife may also ingest contaminants incidentally with sediment. Forty-two mute swans (Cygnus olor) were collected from unpolluted portions of central Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, USA, in spring 1995, and their intestinal digesta were analyzed for...
Geochemical studies of rare earth elements in the Portuguese pyrite belt, and geologic and geochemical controls on gold distribution
David J. Grimes, Robert L. Earhart, Delfim de Carvalho, Vitor Oliveira, Jose T. Oliveira, Paulo Castro
1998, Professional Paper 1596
This report describes geochemical and geological studies which were conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Servicos Geologicos de Portugal (SPG) in the Portuguese pyrite belt (PPB) in southern Portugal. The studies included rare earth element (REE) distributions and geological and geochemical controls on the distribution of gold....
Analysis and simulation of reactive transport of metal contaminants in ground water in Pinal Creek Basin, Arizona
James G. Brown, R. L. Bassett, Pierre D. Glynn
1998, Journal of Hydrology (209) 225-250
Large-scale mining activities have generated a plume of acidic ground water more than 15 km long in the regional aquifer of the Pinal Creek Basin. A one-dimensional reactive-transport model was developed using PHREEQC to aid in the analysis of transport and chemical processes in the plume and to determine the uses...
Hydrology and geochemistry of a slag-affected aquifer and chemical characteristics of slag-affected ground water, northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois
E. Randall Bayless, Theodore K. Greeman, C.C. Harvey
1998, Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4198
Slag is a by-product of steel manufacturing and a ubiquitous fill material in northwestern Indiana. Ground water associated with slag deposits generally is characterized by high pH and elevated concentrations of many inorganic water-quality constituents. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Environmental Management, conducted a...
Comparison of NPDES program findings for selected cities in the United States
Kenneth D. Fossum, Dawn S. McDoniel
1998, Fact Sheet 192-97
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, under section 402 (p) of the Water Quality Act of 1987, has required municipalities with populations of more than 100,000 to obtain National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits for urban stormwater discharge. This regulation is intended to minimize pollutant loadings from urbanized areas and...
Carolina slate belt gold deposits in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia
Robert A. Ayuso
1998, Report
The Southeastern United States, in particular, the Carolina slate belt of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, has been an important region of mineral production (fig. 1). This region is thought to have major potential for containing large undiscovered deposits of gold and silver, as well as copper, lead,...
Characterization of toxic conditions above Wilson's Creek National Battlefield Park, Missouri
T.S. Pulley, D.W.R. Nimmo, J.D. Tessari
1998, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (34) 1087-1098
ABSTRACT: Wilson's Creek has an extensive history of toxicity from both point and nonpoint sources. Seven-day chronic daphnid (Ceriodaphnia dubia) bioassays identified one toxic site in the Wilson's Creek watershed. Procedures for the characterization phase of a Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) were modified for chronic assessment and performed on four water...
Laramide alteration of proterozoic diabase: A likely contributor of copper to porphyry systems in the dripping spring mountains area, Southeastern Arizona
E. R. Force
1998, Economic Geology (93) 171-183
Proterozoic diabase of the Dripping Spring range occurs as sills in the Proterozoic Apache Group and the Troy Quartzite and as intrustive sheets in basement rocks. The aggregate thickness of the diabase sills and intrusive sheets averages about 450 m in the part of the range showing little mid-Tertiary extension....
Effects of metal mining and milling on boundary waters of Yellowstone National Park, USA
D.R. Nimmo, M.J. Willox, T.D. Lafrancois, P.L. Chapman, S.F. Brinkman, J.C. Greene
1998, Environmental Management (22) 913-926
Aquatic resources in Soda Butte Creek within Yellowstone National Park, USA, continue to be threatened by heavy metals from historical mining and milling activities that occurred upstream of the park's boundary. This includes the residue of gold, silver, and copper ore mining and processing in the early 1900s near Cooke...
Effect of zeolite on toxicity of ammonia in freshwater sediments: Implications for toxicity identification evaluation procedures
J.M. Besser, C.G. Ingersoll, E.N. Leonard, D.R. Mount
1998, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (17) 2310-2317
Techniques for reducing ammonia toxicity in freshwater sediments were investigated as part of a project to develop toxicity identification and evaluation (TIE) procedures for whole sediments. Although ammonia is a natural constituent of freshwater sediments, pollution can lead to ammonia concentrations that are toxic to benthic invertebrates, and ammonia can...
Trace elements in streambed sediment and fish liver at selected sites in the Upper Colorado River basin, Colorado 1995-96
J. R. Deacon, V. C. Stephens
1998, Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4124
Trace elements were analyzed in streambed-sediment samples collected from 16 sites and in fish-liver samples collected from 14 sites in the Upper Colorado River Basin in Colorado as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment program. Sites sampled represented agricultural, mining, mixed, and urban/recreation land uses and background conditions. The results...
Organochlorine compounds and trace elements in fish tissue and bed sediments in the lower Snake River basin, Idaho and Oregon
Gregory M. Clark, Terry R. Maret
1998, Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4103
Fish-tissue and bed-sediment samples were collected to determine the occurrence and distribution of organochlorine compounds and trace elements in the lower Snake River Basin. Whole-body composite samples of suckers and carp from seven sites were analyzed for organochlorine compounds; liver samples were analyzed for trace elements. Fillets from selected sportfish...
Effect of enhanced manganese oxidation in the hyporheic zone on basin-scale geochemical mass balance
Judson W. Harvey, Christopher C. Fuller
1998, Water Resources Research (34) 623-636
We determined the role of the hyporheic zone (the subsurface zone where stream water and shallow groundwater mix) in enhancing microbially mediated oxidation of dissolved manganese (to form manganese precipitates) in a drainage basin contaminated by copper mining. The fate of manganese is of overall importance to water quality in...
The deep structure of a sea-floor hydrothermal deposit
R.A. Zierenberg, Y. Fouquet, D. J. Miller, J.M. Bahr, P.A. Baker, T. Bjerkgard, C.A. Brunner, R.C. Duckworth, R. Gable, J. Gieskes, W.D. Goodfellow, H. M. Groschel-Becker, G. Guerin, J. Ishibashi, G. Iturrino, R.H. James, K.S. Lackschewitz, L.L. Marquez, P. Nehlig, J.M. Peter, C.A. Rigsby, P. Schultheiss, Wayne C. Shanks III, Bernd R. T. Simoneit, M. Summit, D.A.H. Teagle, M. Urbat, G.G. Zuffa
1998, Nature (392) 485-488
Hydrothermal circulation at the crests of mid-ocean ridges plays an important role in transferring heat from the interior of the Earth. A consequence of this hydrothermal circulation is the formation of metallic ore bodies known as volcanic-associated massive sulphide deposits. Such deposits, preserved on land, were important sources of copper...
Trace element concentrations in two subpopulations of lesser snow geese from Wrangel Island, Russia
A. Hui, John Y. Takekawa, Vasily V. Baranyuk, K.V. Litvin
1998, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (34) 197-203
Lesser snow geese (Anser c. caerulescens) from the Wrangel Island, Russia breeding colony spend the winter in two widely separated areas: the northern subpopulation in southern British Columbia and northern Washington and the southern subpopulation in the Central Valley of California. We examined 19 trace elements in...
Metal concentrations in surface sediments of Boston Harbor: Changes with time
Michael H. Bothner, Marilyn R. Buchholtz ten Brink, F.T. Manheim
1998, Marine Environmental Research (45) 127-155
The concentrations of metals in surface sediments of Boston Harbor have decreased during the period 1977–1993. This conclusion is supported by analysis of: (1) surface sediments collected at monitoring stations in the outer harbor between 1977 and 1993; (2) metal concentration profiles in sediment cores from depositional areas of the...
Copper hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrates: a synoptic review
Ronald Eisler
1998, Biological Science Report 1997-0002
Development of the copper and molybdenum industries and the Armenian economy
A.R. Bond, R.M. Levine
1997, Post-Soviet Geography and Economics (38) 105-120
Production of copper and molybdenum in Armenia is examined, with special emphasis on the location of major deposits, former and proposed future centers of processing, and contribution of metals exports to the country's foreign trade revenues. Particular emphasis is placed on the impacts on these industries of the disruption of...
Mesocosm experiments to assess factors affecting phosphorus retention and release in an extended Wisconsin wetland
J. F. Elder, B.J. Manion, G. L. Goddard
1997, Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4272
Phosphorus retention by wetland sediments and vegetation was investigated in Jackson Creek wetland, an extension of an existing prairie marsh in southeastern Wisconsin. The extended wetland construction was undertaken in 1992-93 to help reduce the phosphorus loading to a downstream eutrophic lake. Two approaches were used to study potential and...
Field screening of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the Yuma Valley, Arizona, 1995
Saeid Tadayon, Kirk A. King, Brenda Andrews, William Roberts
1997, Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4236
Because of concerns expressed by the U.S. Congress and the environmental community, the Department of the Interior began a program in late 1985 to identify the nature and extent of water-quality problems induced by irrigation that might exist in the western States. Surface water, bottom sediment, and biota were collected...
Sources of contamination in an urban basin in Marquette, Michigan and an analysis of concentrations, loads, and data quality
Jeffrey Steuer, William Selbig, Nancy J. Hornewer, Jeffrey Prey
1997, Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4242
The concentrations of contaminants generated from discrete source areas are critical to urban nonpoint Source Load and Management Model (SLAMM) loading calculations to Lake Superior. This study summarizes data-collection efforts during 12 storms in October 1993 and from May through August 1994, in which stormwater data were collected concurrently at...
Geographical distribution and potential for adverse biological effects of selected trace elements and organic compounds in streambed sediment in the Connecticut, Housatonic, and Thames River basins, 1992-94
Robert F. Breault, Sandra L. Harris
1997, Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4169
Streambed-sediment samples were collected in 1992-94 at selected sites in the Connecticut, Housatonic, and Thames River Basins to determine the geographical distribution of trace elements and organic compounds and their potential for adverse biological effects on aquatic organisms. Chromium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, zinc, chlordane, DDT, PAHs, and PCBs were...
Trace-element concentrations and transport in the Coeur d'Alene river, Idaho, water years 1993-94
Michael A. Beckwith, Paul F. Woods, Charles Berenbrock
1997, Open-File Report 97-398
for almost a century, the U.S. Geological Survey has collected hydrologic data at a network of stream-gaging stations throughout the Coeur d'Alene Lake and River drainage basin. Since 1990, extensive water-quality data have been collected for a comprehensive study of potential eutrophication of Coeur d'Alene Lake and for assessment of...
Metals, pesticides, and semivolatile organic compounds in sediment in Valley Forge National Historical Park, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania
Andrew G. Reif, Ronald A. Sloto
1997, Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4120
The Schuylkill River flows through Valley Forge National Historical Park in Lower Providence and West Norriton Townships in Montgomery County, Pa. The concentration of selected metals, pesticides, semivolatile organic compounds, and total carbon in stream-bottom sediments from Valley Forge National Historical Park were determined for samples collected once at 12...
