Kansas coal distribution, resources, and potential for coalbed methane
L. L. Brady
2000, The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon (75) 122-133
100 ft (>30 m)] determined from 32 different coal beds. Strippable coal resources at a depth <...
Carbon dioxide from coal combustion: Variation with rank of US coal
J.C. Quick, D.C. Glick
2000, Fuel (79) 803-812
Carbon dioxide from combustion of US coal systematically varies with ASTM rank indices, allowing the amount of CO2 produced per net unit of energy to be predicted for individual coals. No single predictive equation is applicable to all coals. Accordingly, we provide one equation for coals above high volatile bituminous...
Enhancements of nonpoint source monitoring of volatile organic compounds in ground water
W.W. Lapham, M.J. Moran, J.S. Zogorski
2000, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (36) 1321-1334
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has compiled a national retrospective data set of analyses of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ground water of the United States. The data are from Federal, State, and local nonpoint-source monitoring programs, collected between 1985–95. This data set is being used to augment data...
Volatile organic compounds in storm water from a parking lot
T. J. Lopes, J. D. Fallon, D.W. Rutherford, M.H. Hiatt
2000, Journal of Environmental Engineering (126) 1137-1143
A mass balance approach was used to determine the most important nonpoint source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in storm water from an asphalt parking lot without obvious point sources (e.g., gasoline stations). The parking lot surface and atmosphere are important nonpoint sources of VOCs, with each being important for...
Whole-lake burdens and spatial distribution of cadmium in sediments of Wisconsin seepage lakes, USA
D.E. Powell, R.G. Rada, J.G. Wiener, G.J. Atchison
2000, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (19) 1523-1531
Cadmium was quantified in the surface sediments of six seepage lakes ranging from 8 to 70 ha in surface area, 6 to 20 m in maximum depth, 5.2 to 7.0 in mean epilimnetic pH, and 1.7 to 6.8 mg·L−1 in dissolved organic carbon. Within each lake, dry-weight concentrations of cadmium (range,...
Fumaroles in ice caves on the summit of Mount Rainier: preliminary stable isotope, gas, and geochemical studies
D. R. Zimbelman, R. O. Rye, G. P. Landis
2000, Book, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
The edifice of Mount Rainier, an active stratovolcano, has episodically collapsed leading to major debris flows. The largest debris flows are related to argillically altered rock which leave areas of the edifice prone to failure. The argillic alteration results from the neutralization of acidic magmatic gases that condense in a...
Ecosystem responses to nitrogen deposition in the Colorado Front Range
Jill Baron, H.M. Rueth, A.M. Wolfe, K. R. Nydick, E.J. Allstott, J.T. Minear, B. Moraska
2000, Ecosystems (3) 352-368
We asked whether 3–5 kg N y−1 atmospheric N deposition was sufficient to have influenced natural, otherwise undisturbed, terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of the Colorado Front Range by comparing ecosystem processes and properties east and west of the Continental Divide. The eastern side receives elevated N deposition from urban, agricultural,...
Intra- and inter-unit variation in fly ash petrography and mercury adsorption: Examples from a western Kentucky power station
J.C. Hower, R. B. Finkelman, R.F. Rathbone, J. Goodman
2000, Energy and Fuels (14) 212-216
Fly ash was collected from eight mechanical and 10 baghouse hoppers at each of the twin 150-MW wall-fired units in a western Kentucky power station. The fuel burned at that time was a blend of many low-sulfur, high-volatile bituminous Central Appalachian coals. The baghouse ash showed less variation between units...
Large-scale hydrothermal fluid discharges in the Norris-Mammoth corridor, Yellowstone National Park, USA
Y.K. Kharaka, M. L. Sorey, J.J. Thordsen
2000, Book, Journal of Geochemical Exploration
Norris–Mammoth corridor is a complex subsidence structure that extends ∼40 km northward from the 0.6 Ma Yellowstone caldera, and contains many hydrothermal features with high fluid discharges totaling ∼1000 l/s. About 150–250 l/s of hydrothermal water, which attains boiling temperature at surface and 360°C at depth, discharge from the Norris...
Volcanic lake systematics II. Chemical constraints
J.C. Varekamp, G.B. Pasternack, G.L. Rowe Jr.
2000, Book, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
A database of 373 lake water analyses from the published literature was compiled and used to explore the geochemical systematics of volcanic lakes. Binary correlations and principal component analysis indicate strong internal coherence among most chemical parameters. Compositional variations are influenced by the flux of magmatic volatiles and/or deep hydrothermal...
Bleached chondrules: Evidence for widespread aqueous processes on the parent asteroids of ordinary chondrites
J. N. Grossman, C. M. O'D. Alexander, Jingyuan Wang, A.J. Brearley
2000, Meteoritics and Planetary Science (35) 467-486
We present the first detailed study of a population of texturally distinct chondrules previously described by Kurat (1969), Christophe Michel-Lévy (1976), and Skinner et al. (1989) that are sharply depleted in alkalis and Al in their outer portions. These “bleached” chondrules, which are exclusively radial pyroxene and cryptocrystalline in texture, have porous...
The state and future of Mars polar science and exploration
S.M. Clifford, D. Crisp, D.A. Fisher, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, S.E. Smrekar, P. C. Thomas, D. D. Wynn-Williams, R.W. Zurek, J.R. Barnes, B.G. Bills, E.W. Blake, W. M. Calvin, J.M. Cameron, M. H. Carr, P. R. Christensen, B. C. Clark, G.D. Clow, J.A. Cutts, D. Dahl-Jensen, W. B. Durham, F. P. Fanale, J.D. Farmer, F. Forget, K. Gotto-Azuma, R. Grard, R.M. Haberle, W. Harrison, R. Harvey, A.D. Howard, A.P. Ingersoll, P.B. James, J.S. Kargel, H. H. Kieffer, J. Larsen, K. Lepper, M. C. Malin, D. J. McCleese, B. Murray, J.F. Nye, D. A. Paige, S.R. Platt, J.J. Plaut, N. Reeh, J.W. Rice, D.E. Smith, C. R. Stoker, K. L. Tanaka, E. Mosley-Thompson, T. Thorsteinsson, S.E. Wood, A. Zent, M.T. Zuber, H.J. Zwally
2000, Icarus (144) 210-242
As the planet's principal cold traps, the martian polar regions have accumulated extensive mantles of ice and dust that cover individual areas of ∼106 km2 and total as much as 3–4 km thick. From the scarcity of superposed craters on their surface, these layered deposits are thought to be comparatively young—preserving a...
Hydrologic, Water-Quality, Sediment Transport, and Bulk Atmospheric-Deposition Data, Guanella Pass Area, Colorado, October 1, 1994, through September 30, 1997
Michael R. Stevens
2000, Open-File Report 2000-82
The hydrology and water quality of streams and lakes in the Guanella Pass area could be affected by the proposed reconstruction of the existing road over Guanella Pass between Georgetown and Grant, Colo. Data were collected during water years 1995 through 1997 (October 1, 1994, through September 30, 1997) that...
Hydrothermal activity and carbon-dioxide discharge at Shrub and upper Klawasi mud volcanoes, Wrangell Mountains, Alaska
Michael L. Sorey, Cindy Werner, Robert G. McGimsey, William C. Evans
2000, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4207
Shrub mud volcano, one of three mud volcanoes of the Klawasi group in the Copper River Basin, Alaska, has been discharging warm mud and water and CO2?rich gas since 1996. A field visit to Shrub in June 1999 found the general level of hot-spring discharge to be similar, but somewhat...
A mass-balance approach for assessing PCB movement during remediation of a PCB-contaminated deposit on the Fox River, Wisconsin
Jeffrey J. Steuer
2000, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4245
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, collected water samples during the September 1 - December 15, 1999 removal of sediment contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from a reach of the Lower Fox River designated Sediment Management Unit (SMU) 56/57. Results of analyses of...
Ground-water quality in the Appalachian Plateaus, Kanawha River basin, West Virginia
Charlynn J. Sheets, Mark D. Kozar
2000, Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4269
Water samples collected from 30 privately-owned and small public-supply wells in the Appalachian Plateaus of the Kanawha River Basin were analyzed for a wide range of constituents, including bacteria, major ions, nutrients, trace elements, radon, pesticides, and volatile organic compounds. Concentrations of most constituents from samples analyzed did not exceed...
Diffusion sampler testing at Naval Air Station North Island, San Diego County, California, November 1999 to January 2000
Don A. Vroblesky, Brian C. Peters
2000, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4182
Volatile organic compound concentrations in water from diffusion samplers were compared to concentrations in water obtained by low-flow purging at 15 observation wells at the Naval Air Station North Island, San Diego, California. Multiple diffusion samplers were installed in the wells. In general, comparisons using bladder pumps and diffusion samplers...
Field testing of passive diffusion bag samplers for volatile organic compound concentrations in ground water, Naval Industrial Reserve Ordnance Plant, Fridley, Minnesota, November 1999 and May 2000
Don A. Vroblesky, Matthew D. Petkewich
2000, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4246
Volatile organic compound concentrations from passive diffusion bag samplers were compared with concentrations from conventional purge (three or more casing volumes) sampling and low-flow purge sampling in side-by-side tests in 17 wells at the Naval Industrial Reserve Ordnance Plant, in Fridley, Minnesota. An initial comparison of 1,2-dichloroethene and trichloroethene concentrations...
Chemical and radiochemical constituents in water from wells in the vicinity of the naval reactors facility, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho, 1997-98
Roy C. Bartholomay, LeRoy L. Knobel, Betty J. Tucker, Brian V. Twining
2000, Open-File Report 2000-236
The U.S. Geological Survey, in response to a request from the U.S. Department of Energy?s Phtsburgh Naval Reactors Ofilce, Idaho Branch Office, sampled water from 13 wells during 1997?98 as part of a long-term project to monitor water quality of the Snake River Plain aquifer in the vicinity of the Naval Reactors Facility, Idaho National Engineering and...
Summary of water-quality data for City of Albuquerque drinking-water supply wells, 1988-97
Laura M. Bexfield, William E. Lindberg, Scott K. Anderholm
1999, Open-File Report 99-195
The City of Albuquerque has collected and analyzed more than 5,000 water-quality samples from 113 water-supply wells in the Albuquerque area, including many drinking-water supply wells, since May of 1988. As a result, a large water-quality data base has been compiled that includes data for major ions, nutrients, trace elements,...
Occurrence, distribution, and trends of volatile organic compounds in the Ohio River and its major tributaries, 1987-96
Robert F. Lundgren, Thomas J. Lopes
1999, Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4257
The Ohio River is a source of drinking water for more than 3 million people. Thus, it is important to monitor the water quality of this river to determine if contaminants are present, their concentrations, and if water quality is changing with time. This report presents an analysis of the...
Baseline water quality and preliminary effects of artificial recharge on ground water, south-central Kansas, 1995–98
Andrew C. Ziegler, Victoria G. Christensen, Heather C. Ross
1999, Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4250
To investigate the feasbility of artificial recharge as a method of meeting future water-supply needs and to protect the Equus Beds aquifer from saltwater intrusion from natural and anthropogenic sources to the west, the Equus Beds Ground-Water Recharge from Demonstration Project was begun in 1995. The project is a cooperative...
Relation of Land Use to Streamflow and Water Quality at Selected Sites in the City of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, 1993-98
Jerad D. Bales, J. Curtis Weaver, Jerald B. Robinson
1999, Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4180
Streamflow and water-quality data were collected at nine sites in the city of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, during 1993–97. Six of the basins drained areas having relatively homogeneous land use and were less than 0.3 square mile in size; the other three basins had mixed land use. Atmospheric...
Summary of hydrogeologic and ground-water-quality data and hydrogeologic framework at selected well sites, Adams County, Pennsylvania
Dennis J. Low, Diana L. Dugas
1999, Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4108
Rapid population growth in Adams County has increased the demand for ground water and led Adams County planning officials to undertake an effort to evaluate the capabilities of existing community water systems to meet future, projected growth and to begin wellhead-protection programs for public-supply wells. As part of this effort,...
Water resources of Monroe County, New York, water years 1989-93, with emphasis on water quality in the Irondequoit Creek basin: Part 2. Atmospheric deposition, ground water, streamflow, trends in water quality, and chemical loads to Irondequoit Bay
Donald A. Sherwood
1999, Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4084
Irondequoit Creek, which drains 169 square miles in the eastern part of Monroe County, has been recognized as a source of contaminants that contribute to the eutrophication of Irondequoit Bay on Lake Ontario. The discharge from sewage-treatment plants to the creek and its tributaries was eliminated in 1979 by diversion...
