Displacement of soil pore water by trichloroethylene
R.L. Wershaw, G. R. Aiken, T.E. Imbrigiotta, M. C. Goldberg
1994, Journal of Environmental Quality (23) 792-798
Dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLS) are important pollutants because of their widespread use as chemical and industrial solvents. An example of the pollution caused by the discharge of DNAPLs is found at the Picatinny Arsenal, New Jersey, where trichloroethylene (TCE) has been discharged directly into the unsaturated zone. This discharge...
Welded tuff porosity characterization using mercury intrusion, nitrogen and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether sorption and epifluorescence microscopy
M.M. Reddy, H.C. Claassen, D.W. Rutherford, C. T. Chiou
1994, Applied Geochemistry (9) 491-499
Porosity of welded tuff from Snowshoe Mountain, Colorado, was characterized by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), nitrogen sorption porosimetry, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGME) gas phase sorption and epifluorescence optical microscopy. Crushed tuff of two particle-size fractions (1-0.3 mm and less than 0.212...
Bioaccumulation of selenium from natural geologic sources in western states and its potential consequences
T. S. Presser, M. A. Sylvester, W. H. Low
1994, Environmental Management (18) 423-436
Ecological impacts of water-quality problems have developed in the western United States resulting from the disposal of seleniferous agricultural wastewater in wetland areas. Overt effects of selenium toxicosis occurred at five areas where deformities of wild aquatic birds were similar to those first observed at Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge in...
In search of earthquake-related hydrologic and chemical changes along Hayward Fault
C.-Y. King, D. Basler, T. S. Presser, William C. Evans, L. D. White, A. Minissale
1994, Applied Geochemistry (9) 83-91
Flow and chemical measurements have been made about once a month, and more frequently when required, since 1976 at two springs in Alum Rock Park in eastern San Jose, California, and since 1980 at two shallow wells in eastern Oakland in search of earthquake-related changes. All sites are on or...
Flood monitoring network in southeastern Louisiana
Brian E. McCallum
1994, Conference Paper, Proceedings - National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering
A flood monitoring network has been established to alert emergency operations personnel and the public about hydrologic conditions in the Amite River Basin. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Louisiana Office of Emergency Preparedness (LOEP), has installed a real-time data acquisition system to monitor rainfall and river...
Studies of the Reactivity of the Ferrihydrite Surface by Iron Isotopic Exchange and Mössbauer Spectroscopy
Brigid A. Rea, James A. Davis, Glenn A. Waychunas
1994, Clays and Clay Minerals (42) 23-34
Two-line ferrihydrite is an important adsorbent of many toxics in natural and anthropogenic systems; however, the specific structural sites responsible for the high adsorption capacity are not well understood. A combination of chemical and spectroscopic techniques have been employed in this study to gain further insight into the structural nature...
The geochemical evolution of low-molecular-weight organic acids derived from the degradation of petroleum contaminants in groundwater
I.M. Cozzarelli, M.J. Baedecker, R.P. Eganhouse, D.F. Goerlitz
1994, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (58) 863-877
The geochemical evolution of low-molecular-weight organic acids in groundwater downgradient from a crude-oil spill near Bemidji, Minnesota, was studied over a five year period (1986–1990). The organic acids are metabolic intermediates of the degradation of components of the crude oil and are structurally...
Autotrophic, hydrogen-oxidizing, denitrifying bacteria in groundwater, potential agents for bioremediation of nitrate contamination
Richard L. Smith, M.L. Ceazan, Myron H. Brooks
1994, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (60) 1949-1955
Addition of hydrogen or formate significantly enhanced the rate of consumption of nitrate in slurried core samples obtained from an active zone of denitrification in a nitrate-contaminated sand and gravel aquifer (Cape Cod, Mass.). Hydrogen uptake by the core material was immediate and rapid, with an...
Isolation, growth, and metabolism of an obligately anaerobic, selenate- respiring bacterium, strain SES-3
Ronald S. Oremland, Jodi S. Blum, Charles W. Culbertson, P.T. Visscher, Laurence G. Miller, P. Dowdle, F.E. Strohmaier
1994, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (60) 3011-3019
A gram-negative, strictly anaerobic, motile vibrio was isolated from a selenate-respiring enrichment culture. The isolate, designated strain SES-3, grew by coupling the oxidation of lactate to acetate plus CO2 with the concomitant reduction of selenate to selenite or of nitrate to ammonium. No growth was observed on sulfate or selenite, but...
'The Kesterson effect'
T. S. Presser
1994, Environmental Management (18) 437-454
Hypothesized to be derived from Cretaceous marine sedimentary rocks, selenium contamination of the Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge is traced through irrigation drainage to the source bedrock of the California Coast Ranges. This biogeochemical pathway of selenium is defined here as the 'Kesterson effect.' At the refuge ponds, this effect culminated...
The effect of a confining unit on the geochemical evolution of ground water in the Upper Floridan aquifer system
C.M. Wicks, J.S. Herman
1994, Journal of Hydrology (153) 139-155
In west-central Florida, sections of the Upper Floridan aquifer system range in character from confined to leaky to unconfined. The confining unit is the Hawthorn Formation, a clay-rich sequence. The presence or absence of the Hawthorn Formation affects the geochemical evolution...
Lake Michigan's late Quaternary limnological and climate history from ostracode, oxygen isotope, and magnetic susceptibility
Richard M. Forester, Steven M. Colman, Richard L. Reynolds, Loyd D. Keigwin
1994, Journal of Great Lakes Research (20) 93-107
The limnology of Lake Michigan has changed dramatically since the late Pleistocene in response to the expansion and contraction of continental glaciers, to differential isostatic rebound, and to climate change. The lake sediment's stratigraphic trends, magnetic susceptibility, δ18O, and ostracode species abundance ratios provide criteria to identify the lake's response...
Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1978-1992
Ren Jen Sun, Richard H. Johnston
1994, Circular 1099
The major ground-water systems of the United States have been investigated by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) through its Regional Aquifer-System Analysis (RASA) Program. During the first 15 years of the program (1978-92), 25 regional aquifer systems, including the most heavily pumped aquifers in the Nation, were intensively studied. As...
Black Hills hydrology study
D.G. Driscoll
1994, Open-File Report 94-344
The Black Hills area of western South Dakota is a valuable resource center. The area has attracted numerous residents and industries because of the availability of mineral, timber, agricultural, recreational, and water resources. The water resources of the area have been stressed locally by increasing population, periodic drought, and...
Environmental overview and hydrogeologic conditions at Aniak, Alaska
J.M. Dorava
1994, Open-File Report 94-85
The remote Native village of Aniak, on the flood plain of the Kuskokwim River in southwestern Alaska, has long cold winters and short summers that affect both the hydrology of the area and the lifestyle of the residents. Aniak obtains its drinking water from a shallow aquifer in the thick...
Hydrologic features of the Truckee and Carson River Basins and adjacent areas, western Nevada and eastern California
Jeffrey V. Trionfante, Lorri A. Peltz
1994, Open-File Report 93-368
No abstract available....
Assessment of nonpoint-source contamination of the High Plains Aquifer in south-central Kansas, 1987
John O. Helgesen, Lloyd E. Stullken, A. T. Rutledge
1994, Water Supply Paper 2381-C
Ground-water quality was assessed in a 5,000-square-mile area of the High Plains aquifer in south-central Kansas that is susceptible to nonpoint-source contamination from agricultural and petroleum-production activities. Of particular interest was the presence of agricultural chemicals and petroleum-derived hydrocarbons that might have been associated with brines that formerly were disposed...
Pore-water extraction from unsaturated tuff by triaxial and one-dimensional compression methods, Nevada Test Site, Nevada
Timothy E. Mower, Jerry D. Higgins, In C. Yang, Charles A. Peters
1994, Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4144
Study of the hydrologic system at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, requires the extraction of pore-water samples from welded and nonwelded, unsaturated tuffs. Two compression methods (triaxial compression and one-dimensional compression) were examined to develop a repeatable extraction technique and to investigate the effects of the extraction method on the original pore-fluid...
Map showing major drainage basins and stream-gaging stations in Massachusetts
J. C. Rader
1994, Open-File Report 94-380
This map report shows the 27 major drainage basins, locations of the 71 permanent stream- gaging stations, and the primary rivers, lakes, and reservoirs of Massachusetts. These features are presented at a scale of 1:400,000 (map size about 36 by 24 inches). The map also lists uses of...
Estimation of water withdrawal and distribution, water use, and wastewater collection and return flow in Cumberland, Rhode Island, 1988
M.A. Horn, P. A. Craft, Lisa Bratton
1994, Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4023
Water-use data collected in Rhode Island by different State agencies or maintained by different public suppliers and wastewater- treatment facilities need to be integrated if these data are to be used in making water- resource management decisions. Water-use data for the town of Cumberland, a small area in northeastern...
Organic compounds downstream from a treated-wastewater discharge near Dallas, Texas, March 1987
P.M. Buszka, L.B. Barber II, M.P. Schroeder, L.D. Becker
1994, Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4194
Water and streambed-sediment samples were collected on March 9 and 10,1987 from one site upstream and three sites downstream of the discharge from a municipal wastewater-treatment plant on Rowlett Creek near Dallas, Texas. To extract and separate organic compounds, purgeand-trap, closed-loop stripping, and pH-adjusted solvent extraction methods were used for...
Herbicides and nitrate in near-surface aquifers in the midcontinental United States, 1991
Dana W. Kolpin, Michael R. Burkart, E. Michael Thurman
1994, Water Supply Paper 2413
The occurrence and distribution of selected herbicides, atrazine metabolites, and nitrate were determined for near-surface aquifers (within 50 feet of land surface) in the corn- and soybean-producing region of the midcontinental United States. The study region included all or parts of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North...
Ground-water-quality assessment of the Central Oklahoma Aquifer, Oklahoma; analysis of available water-quality data through 1987
David L. Parkhurst, Scott C. Christenson, Jamie L. Schlottmann
1994, Water Supply Paper 2357-B
No abstract available....
Geohydrology and simulated ground-water flow in an irrigated area of northwestern Indiana
L. D. Arihood, M.E. Basch
1994, Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4046
Water for irrigation in parts of Newton and Jasper Counties and adjacent areas of northwestern Indiana is pumped mostly from the carbonate- bedrock aquifer that underlies glacial drift. To help in managing the ground-water resources of the area, a three-dimensional ground-water model was developed and tested with hydrologic data collected...
Ground-water resources of southern Tangipahoa Parish and adjacent areas, Louisiana
T.R. Rapp
1994, Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4182
Groundwater resources in southern Tangipahoa Parish and adjacent areas were studied to determine their potential for development as an alternative to the Mississippi River as a water-supply source for Jefferson Parish. Eight major aquifers consisting of thick sand units that underlie the study area are, in descending order: (1) shallow,...
