Effect of height and orientation ( microclimate) on geomorphic degradation rates and processes, late-glacial terrace scarps in central Idaho
K. L. Pierce, Steven M. Colman
1986, Geological Society of America Bulletin (97) 869-885
Terrace scarps can serve as a nearly ideal natural laboratory for the study of the evolution of slopes. This paper examines the effects of scarp size (height) and orientation (microclimate) by keeping constant variables such as age, lithology, and regional climate.If a scarp degrades as a closed system, and downslope...
Planning for optical disk technology with digital cartography.
D.L. Light
1986, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (52) 551-557
A major shortfall that still exists in digital systems is the need for very large mass storage capacity. The decade of the 1980s has introduced laser optical disk storage technology, which may be the breakthrough needed for mass storage. This paper addresses system concepts for digital cartography during the transition...
Nd-Sr-Pb isotope constraints on the sources of west Maui volcano, Hawaii
E. Hegner, D. Unruh, M. Tatsumoto
1986, Nature (319) 478-480
The origin of the Emperor-Hawaiian volcanic chain is attributed to the northwesterly movement of the Pacific plate over a stationary mantle plume (hotspot)1. There has been considerable controversy as to the nature and number of sources of Hawaiian hotspot volcanism. Thus far, most geochemical models have been based on rock...
Mineralogy and geochemical evolution of the Little Three pegmatite-aplite layered intrusive, Ramona, California
L.A. Stern, Gordon E. Brown Jr., D.K. Bird, R. H. Jahns, E.E. Foord, J.E. Shigley, L.B. Spaulding Jr.
1986, American Mineralogist (71) 406-427
Several layered pegmatite-aplite intrusives exposed at the Little Three mine, Ramona, display closely associated fine-grained to giant-textured mineral assemblages which are believed to have co-evolved from a hydrous aluminosilicate residual melt with an exsolved supercritical vapour phase. Calculations of phase relations between the major pegmatite-aplite mineral assemblages and supercritical aqueous...
Platinum-group element resources in podiform chromitites from California and Oregon
N.J. Page, D.A. Singer, B. C. Moring, C.A. Carlson, J.M. McDade, S. A. Wilson
1986, Economic Geology (81) 1261-1271
Rock samples from about 280 podiform chromite deposits in California and Oregon were analyzed for Pt, Pd, Rh, and Ir by fire assay-atomic absorption and spectrographic techniques to estimate by-product platinum-group element potential of chromite mining. These deposits include ophiolites from the Sierra...
Interpretation of broad-band seismograms from central Aleutian earthquakes.
E.R. Engdahl, R. Kind
1986, Annales Geophysicae, Series B (4 B) 233-240
Broad-band Graefenberg (GRF) array data from 11 moderate-size shallow-depth earthquakes in the central Aleutians have been used to study the effects of focal depth and structure across the arc on observed waveforms. The theoretical results, primarily phase arrival times, suggest that arc structure is responsible for many of the complicated...
Heat capacities and thermodynamic functions for beryl, Be3Al2Si6O18, phenakite, Be2SiO4, euclase, BeAlSiO4(OH), bertrandite, Be4Si2O7(OH)2, and chrysoberyl, BeAl2O4.
B. S. Hemingway, M.D. Barton, R. A. Robie, H.T. Haselton Jr.
1986, American Mineralogist (71) 557-568
The heat capacities of beryl, phenakite, euclase and bertrandite have been measured between approx 5 and 800 K by combined quasi-adiabatic cryogenic calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. The heat capacities of chrysoberyl have been measured from 340 to 800 K. The resulting data have been combined with solution and phase-equilibrium...
METEORIC-HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS.
Robert E. Criss, Hugh P. Taylor Jr.
1986, Reviews in Mineralogy (16) 373-424
This paper summarizes the salient characteristics of meteoric-hydrothermal systems, emphasing the isotopic systematics. Discussions of permeable-medium fluid dynamics and the geology and geochemistry of modern geothermal systems are also provided, because they are essential to any understanding of hydrothermal circulation. The main focus of the paper is on regions of...
DIGITAL MAPPING PROGRAM OF THE U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
Alan M. Mikuni
1986, Conference Paper
As the nation's primary Federal earth-science, factfinding and research agency, the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) provides cartographic and natural resource information to many users to aid in planning and decision-making. Users of the data, both inside and outside the USGS, have become more and more sophisticated in their applications....
A comparison of upper mantle subcontinental electrical conductivity for North America, Europe, and Asia.
W.H. Campbell, E.R. Schiffmacher
1986, Journal of Geophysics - Zeitschrift fur Geophysik (59) 56-61
Spherical harmonic analysis coefficients of the external and internal parts of the quiet-day geomagnetic field variations (Sq), separated for the N American, European, Central Asian and E Asian regions, were used to determine conductivity profiles to depths of about 600km by the Schmucker equivalent-substitute conductor method. All 3 regions showed...
Spatial diversity index mapping of classes in grid cell maps.
C.J. Robinove
1986, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (52) 1171-1173
The landscape diversity index indicates the number of classes of land that are in proximity to each point in a digital grid cell map. The index is D=100(i-1)/(n-1), where i = the number of landscape classes within a selected distance of each grid cell and n = the total number...
Comparison of the marine oxygen isotope record, the Eustatic sea level record, and the chronology of glaciation in the United States of America
D. S. Fullerton, G.M. Richmond
1986, Quaternary Science Reviews (5) 197-200
[No abstract available]...
The South Fork detachment fault, Park County, Wyoming: discussion and reply ( USA).
W. G. Pierce
1986, Contributions to Geology - University of Wyoming, Laramie (24) 77-90
Blackstone (1985) published an interpretation of South form detachment fault and related features. His interpretation of the area between Castle and Hardpan transverse faults is identical to mine of 1941. Subsequent detailed mapping has shown that the structure between the transverse faults is more complicated than originally envisioned and resurrected...
FEATURE OF THE 3 MARCH 1985 CHILE EARTHQUAKE - POSSIBLE TERRAIN AMPLIFICATION.
M. Çelebi
1986, Conference Paper
This paper presents results of site-response experiments performed five months after the M//s equals 7. 8 Central Chile Earthquake of 3 March 1985. The objectives of the experiments performed are to identify amplification due to topography and geology. Topographical amplification at Canal Beagle, a subdivision of Vina del Mar, was...
Organic metamorphism in the Lower Mississippian-Upper Devonian Bakken shales-II: Soxhlet extraction.
L.C. Price, T. Ging, A. Love, D. Anders
1986, Journal of Petroleum Geology (9) 313-342
We report on Soxhlet extraction (and subsequent related analyses) of 39 Lower Mississippian-Upper Devonian Bakken shales from the North Dakota portion of the Williston Basin, and analyses of 28 oils from the Basin. Because of the influence of primary petroleum migration, no increase in the relative or absolute concentrations of...
ANALYSIS OF THE U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY STREAMGAGING NETWORK.
Arthur G. Scott
1986, Conference Paper
This paper summarizes the results from the first 3 years of a 5-year cost-effectiveness study of the U. S. Geological Survey streamgaging network. The objective of the study is to define and document the most cost-effective means of furnishing streamflow information. In the first step of this study, data uses...
Giant subtidal stromatolites forming in normal salinity waters
R.F. Dill, E.A. Shinn, A.T. Jones, K. Kelly, R.P. Steinen
1986, Nature (324) 55-58
We report here the discovery of giant lithified subtidal columnar stromatolites (>2 m high) growing in 7-8 m of clear oceanic water in current-swept channels between the Exuma Islands on the eastern Bahama Bank. They grow by trapping ooid and pelletal carbonate sand and synsedimentary precipitation of carbonate cement within...
Gas-film coefficients for the volatilization of ethylene dibromide from water
R. E. Rathbun, D.Y. Tal
1986, Environmental Science & Technology (20) 949-952
Gas-film coefficients for the volatilization of ethylene dibromide (EDB) and water were determined in the laboratory as a function of wind speed and temperature. The ratio of the coefficients was independent of wind speed and increased slightly with temperature. Use of this ratio with an environmentally determined gas-film coefficient for...
Zimbabweite, a new alkali-lead arsenic tantalate from St Anns mine, Karoi district, Zimbabwe
Eugene E. Foord, Joseph E. Taggart, R. V. Gaines, P. L .C. Grubb, R. Kristiansen
1986, Bulletin de Mineralogie (109) 331-336
Zimbabweite (Na,K)2PbAs4(Ta,Nb,Ti)4O18, a new mineral with trivalent arsenic, has been recognized at St Anns mine, southeast of Miami, Karoi district, Zimbabwe, in kaolinized pegmatite and dump material.The mineral is honey yellow-brown in large crystals, which are as much as 1 x 1 x 2 cm, and is clear pale yellow...
ON NONSTATIONARY STOCHASTIC MODELS FOR EARTHQUAKES.
Erdal Safak, David M. Boore
1986, Conference Paper
A seismological stochastic model for earthquake ground-motion description is presented. Seismological models are based on the physical properties of the source and the medium and have significant advantages over the widely used empirical models. The model discussed here provides a convenient form for estimating structural response by using random vibration...
Determination of the dissolved anion composition of ancient lakes from fossil ostracodes
R. M. Forester
1986, Geology (14) 796-798
The mineralogy of evaporite and other precipitated minerals, together with geochemical studies, has provided traditional sources of information about the major dissolved ion composition (solutes) of ancient lakes. The paleocompositional resolving power of these methods is generally greatest in high-salinity lakes that precipitate...
Oil-source correlation study in northeastern Alaska
D.E. Anders, Leslie B. Magoon
1986, Organic Geochemistry (10) 407-415
The occurrence of numerous oil-stained outcrops across the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) in northeastern Alaska indicates that commercial hydrocarbons could be present in the subsurface of this region. In addition, this region is flanked by two important oil provinces—the Prudhoe Bay area to the west...
Adaptation of Selenastrum capricornutum (Chlorophyceae) to copper
J.S. Kuwabara, H.V. Leland
1986, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (5) 197-203
Selenastrum capricornutum Printz, growing in a chemically defined medium, was used as a model for studying adaptation of algae to a toxic metal (copper) ion. Cells exhibited lag‐phase adaptation to 0.8 μM total Cu (10−12 M free ion concentration) after 20 generations of Cu exposure. Selenastrum adapted to the same...
USE OF SPACE TECHNOLOGY IN FEDERALLY FUNDED LAND PROCESSES RESEARCH IN THE UNITED STATES.
G. A. Thorley, R. McArdle
1986, Conference Paper, Digest - International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
A review of the use of space technology in federally funded earth science research in the US was carried out in 1985 by the President's Office of Science and Technology Policy. Five departments and three independent agencies, representing the primary earth science research agencies in the Federal government, participated in...
Electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption conditions and matrix modifications for determining antimony, arsenic, bismuth, cadmium, gallium, gold, indium, lead, molybdenum, palladium, platinum, selenium, silver, tellurium, thallium and tin following back-extraction of organic aminohalide extracts
J. R. Clark
1986, Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry (1) 301-308
A multi-element organic-extraction and back-extraction procedure, that had been developed previously to eliminate matrix interferences in the determination of a large number of trace elements in complex materials such as geological samples, produced organic and aqueous solutions that were complex. Electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption conditions and matrix modifications have been...
