USGS NATIONAL MAPPING PROGRAM IN ALASKA--A STATUS REPORT.
Bruce Y. Mckenzie, Lowell E. Starr
1986, Conference Paper, Technical Papers of the American Society of Photogrammetry, Fall Technical Meeting
The U. S. Geological Survey has been involved in mapping in Alaska since the late 1800's. The initial mapping projects were principally in support of geologic or hydrologic studies. In the late 1940's, responsibility for Alaska mapping was assigned to the Geological Survey's Rocky Mountain Mapping Center and a comprehensive...
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY'S SIDE-LOOKING AIRBORNE RADAR PROGRAM: THE ALASKAN CONNECTION.
Allan N. Kover, John Edwin Jones, Stephen J. Gawarecki
1986, Conference Paper, Technical Papers of the American Society of Photogrammetry, Fall Technical Meeting
The U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) has become a major source of side-looking airborne radar (SLAR) data as a result of a Congressional mandate in 1980 to 'begin the use of side-looking airborne radar for topographic and geologic mapping, and geological resource surveys in promising areas, particularly Alaska. ' In...
Thalenite from Arizona.
J. Fitzpatrick, A. Pabst
1986, American Mineralogist (71) 188-193
Thalenite occurs as a minor constituent of a single small pegmatite within an extensive area of granite a few miles S of Kingman, Arizona. Partly crystalline and partly metamict, this thalenite has composition Y3(Si3O10)(OH), with extensive substitution of Y by REE, especially Dy, Er and Yb. Upon heating, even at...
Use of detrended correspondence analysis to evaluate factors controlling spatial distribution of benthic insects
H.V. Leland, James L. Carter, Steven V. Fend
1986, Hydrobiologia (131) 113-123
Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) was evaluated for its effectiveness in displaying factors controlling the spatial distribution of benthic insects in an oligotrophic stream where an experimental gradient (copper) that selectively affects population abundances was imposed. DCA proved to be highly sensitive to differences among samples and consistently provided ecologically meaningful...
Development of labd cover and terrain databases for the Innoko National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, using LANDSAT and digital terrain data
Carl J. Markon, Stephen S. Talbot
1986, Conference Paper, Technical Papers of the American Society of Photogrammetry, Fall Technical Meeting
Landsat-derived land cover maps and associated elevation, slope, and aspect class maps were produced for the Innoko National Wildlife Refuge (3,850,000 acres; 1,555,095 hectares) in northwestern Alaska. These maps and associated digital data products are being used by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service for wildlife management, research, and...
Luminous phenomena and earthquakes in southern Washington
J.S. Derr, M.A. Persinger
1986, Experientia (42) 991-999
Luminous phenomena, mostly nocturnal lights, are associated with very small earthquakes in southern Washington state. The phenomena seem to be electrical in nature, related to earthquake lights, and tend to occur when the locus of earthquake activity moves across an active fault in an area of compressional stress. ?? 1986...
Spectral reflectance of carbonatites and related alkalic igneous rocks: Selected samples from four North American localities
L. C. Rowan, M.J. Kingston, J.K. Crowley
1986, Economic Geology (81) 857-871
Laboratory spectral reflectance measurements were made in the 0.4- to 2.5-mu m wavelength range for samples collected from four North American carbonatite-alkalic igneous rock complexes. Alkalic rock spectra produced few absorption features; however, the carbonatites typically showed conspicuous carbonate, ferric and ferrous iron, and in some cases rare earth element...
Europa: Characterization and interpretation of global spectral surface units
M. L. Nelson, T. B. McCord, Roger N. Clark, T. V. Johnson, D. L. Matson, J. A. Mosher, Laurence A. Soderblom
1986, Icarus (65) 129-151
The Voyager global multispectral mosaic of the Galilean satellite Europa (T. V. Johnson, L. A. Soderblom, J. A. Mosher, G. E. Danielson, A. F. Cook, and P. Kupferman, 1983, J. Geophys. Res. 88, 5789–5805) was analyzed to map surface units with similar optical properties (T. B. McCord, M. L. Nelson, R. N. Clark,...
RAINFALL-LOSS PARAMETER ESTIMATION FOR ILLINOIS.
Linda S. Weiss, Audrey L. Ishii
1986, Conference Paper
The U. S. Geological Survey is currently conducting an investigation to estimate values of parameters for two rainfall-loss computation methods used in a commonly used flood-hydrograph model. Estimates of six rainfall-loss parameters are required: four for the Exponential Loss-Rate method and two for the Initial and Uniform Loss-Rate method. Multiple...
Simulation of fluid flow and energy transport processes associated with high-level radioactive waste disposal in unsaturated alluvium
David W. Pollock
1986, Water Resources Research (22) 765-775
Many parts of the Great Basin have thick zones of unsaturated alluvium which might be suitable for disposing of high-level radioactive wastes. A mathematical model accounting for the coupled transport of energy, water (vapor and liquid), and dry air was used to analyze one-dimensional, vertical transport above and below an...
Digital merging of Landsat TM and digitized NHAP data for 1:24 000-scale image mapping.
P.S. Chavez Jr.
1986, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (52) 1637-1646
Merging image data collected by different remote sensors is becoming an increasingly important component of digital processing. In this study, two data sets with very different characteristics were digitally merged, and a single data set, which contains information from both sets, was generated. Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data were selected...
Effect of ground-water recharge on configuration of the water table beneath sand dunes and on seepage in lakes in the sandhills of Nebraska, U.S.A.
T. C. Winter
1986, Journal of Hydrology (86) 221-237
Analysis of water-level fluctuations in about 30 observation wells and 5 lakes in the Crescent Lake National Wildlife Refuge in the sandhills of Nebraska indicates water-table configuration beneath sand dunes in this area varies considerably, depending on the configuration of the topography of the dunes. If the topography of an...
Isolation and detection of Giardia cysts from water using direct immunofluorescence
Stephen K. Sorenson, John L. Riggs, Peter D. Dileanis, Thomas J. Suk
1986, Water Resources Bulletin (22) 843-845
A water‐sampling apparatus used for the isolation and detection of Giardiacysts in water has been designed and tested. The sampling apparatus uses one of a variety of pumps or waterline pressure to move water through a filter. Two of the optional pumps are lightweight enough to make the apparatus portable and...
Recalibration and predictive reliability of a solute-transport model of an irrigated stream-aquifer system
M. Person, Leonard F. Konikow
1986, Journal of Hydrology (87) 145-165
A solute-transport model of an irrigated stream-aquifer system was recalibrated because of discrepancies between prior predictions of ground-water salinity trends during 1971-1982 and the observed outcome in February 1982. The original model was calibrated with a 1-year record of data collected during 1971-1972 in an 18-km reach of the Arkansas...
Gas analyses from the Pu'u O'o eruption in 1985, Kilauea volcano, Hawaii
L. P. Greenland
1986, Bulletin of Volcanology (48) 341-348
Volcanic gas samples were collected from July to November 1985 from a lava pond in the main eruptive conduit of Pu'u O'o from a 2-week-long fissure eruption and from a minor flank eruption of Pu'u O'o. The molecular composition of these gases is consistent with thermodynamic equilibrium at a temperature...
Nonlinear-regression groundwater flow modeling of a deep regional aquifer system
Richard L. Cooley, Leonard F. Konikow, Richard L. Naff
1986, Water Resources Research (22) 1759-1778
A nonlinear regression groundwater flow model, based on a Galerkin finite-element discretization, was used to analyze steady state two-dimensional groundwater flow in the areally extensive Madison aquifer in a 75,000 mi2 area of the Northern Great Plains. Regression parameters estimated include intrinsic permeabilities of the main aquifer and separate lineament zones,...
Changing concepts of geologic structure and the problem of siting nuclear reactors: Examples from Washington State
R. W. Tabor
1986, Geology (14) 738-742
The conflict between regulation and healthy evolution of geological science has contributed to the difficulties of siting nuclear reactors. On the Columbia Plateau in Washington, but for conservative design of the Hanford reactor facility, the recognition of the little-understood Olympic-Wallowa lineament as a...
Carbon isotope systematics of a mantle "hotspot": A comparison of Loihi Seamount and MORB glasses
R.A. Exley, D.P. Mattey, D.A. Clague, C.T. Pillinger
1986, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (78) 189-199
The carbon isotope geochemistry of glasses from Loihi Seamount has been compared with that of MORB glasses. Stepped heating shows two carbon components in both sample suites: (1) isotopically light carbon (avg. δ13C = −26.3‰) released < 600°C, ascribed to surficial...
Uranium geochemistry in geopressured-geothermal aquifers of the U.S. Gulf Coast
T. F. Kraemer, Y.K. Kharaka
1986, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (50) 1233-1238
Formation water from U.S. Gulf Coast geopressured-geothermal sandstone aquifers has been analyzed to determine the geochemistry of uranium in these systems. Results of chemical analyses and chemical equilibrium modeling indicate the formation waters are in equilibrium with uraninite (UO2) and coffinite (USiO4). The 234U238U">234U238U activity ratios...
Stochastic analysis of three-dimensional flow in a bounded domain
R.L. Naff, A. V. Vecchia
1986, Water Resources Research (22) 695-704
A commonly accepted first-order approximation of the equation for steady state flow in a fully saturated spatially random medium has the form of Poisson's equation. This form allows for the advantageous use of Green's functions to solve for the random output (hydraulic heads) in terms of a convolution over the...
A comparison of several methods for the solution of the inverse problem in two-dimensional steady state groundwater flow modeling
Logan K. Kuiper
1986, Water Resources Research (22) 705-714
Two geostatistical approaches for the estimation of hydraulic conductivity and hydraulic head from hydraulic conductivity and hydraulic head measurements are developed for two-dimensional steady flow with sinks. For both approaches the field of the logarithm of hydraulic conductivity (log-conductivity) is represented as a random field with mean θ1+θ2x+θ3y where xand y denote Cartesian coordinates,...
Solubility relations in the system potassium chloride-ferrous chloride-water between 25 and 75.degree.C at 1 atm
I.-M. Chou, L.D. Phan
1986, Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data (31) 154-156
Solubility relations in the ternary system KCl-FeCl2-H2O have been determined by means of the visual polythermal method at 1 atm from 18 to 75??C along 10 composition lines. Solubilities of sylvite were measured along five composition lines defined by mixing KCl with five aqueous FeCl2 solutions containing 10, 20, 30,...
Southeastern extension of the Lake Basin fault zone in south- central Montana: implications for coal and hydrocarbon exploration ( USA).
L. N. Robinson, B. E. Barnum
1986, Mountain Geologist (23) 37-44
The Lake Basin fault zone consists mainly of en echelon NE-striking normal faults that have been interpreted to be surface expressions of left-lateral movement along a basement wrench fault. Information gathered from recent field mapping of coal beds and from shallow, closely-spaced drill holes resulted in detailed coal bed correlations,...
Geochemical exploration for mineralized breccia pipes in northern Arizona, U.S.A.
K. J. Wenrich
1986, Applied Geochemistry (1) 469-485
Thousands of solution-collapse breccia pipe crop out in the canyons and on the plateaus of northern Arizona. Over 80 of these are known to contain U or Cu mineralized rock. The high-grade U ore associated with potentially economic concentrations of Ag, Pb, Zn, Cu, Co and Ni in some of...
Changes in complex resistivity during creep in granite
D.A. Lockner, J.D. Byerlee
1986, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (124) 659-676
A sample of Westerly granite was deformed under constant stress conditions: a pore pressure of 5 MPa, a confining pressure of 10 MPa, and an axial load of 170 MPa. Pore volume changes were determined by measuring the volume of pore fluid (0.01 M KClaq) injected into the sample. After...
