Geochemistry of dissolved inorganic carbon in a Coastal Plain aquifer. 2. Modeling carbon sources, sinks, and δ13C evolution
Peter B. McMahon, Francis H. Chapelle
1991, Journal of Hydrology (127) 109-135
Stable isotope data for dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), carbonate shell material and cements, and microbial CO2 were combined with organic and inorganic chemical data from aquifer and confining-bed pore waters to construct geochemical reaction models along a flowpath in the Black Creek aquifer of South Carolina. Carbon-isotope fractionation between DIC and...
The effects of overburden stress on the specific storage and hydraulic conductivity of artesian aquifers
N. Sepulveda, A. L. Zack
1991, Journal of Hydrology (128) 305-321
A mathematical algorithm is developed to determine the depth-dependent profiles of specific storage and hydraulic conductivity resulting from overburden stress in horizontally isotropic artesian aquifers. Vertical variations in the void ratio of the aquifer matrix brought about by overburden stresses determine the pore-volume compressibility and matrix permeability at specific depths...
The neutral oil in commercial linear alkylbenzenesulfonate and its effect on organic solute solubility in water
C. T. Chiou, D. E. Kile, D.W. Rutherford
1991, Environmental Science & Technology (25) 660-665
No abstract available....
Infiltration of unconsumed irrigation water in Utah
William C. Brothers, Susan A. Thiros
1991, Conference Paper
The ground-water hydrology of Panguitch Valley and adjacent areas, south-central Utah, was studied during 1988-90. One objective of the study was to measure ground-water recharge from infiltration of unconsumed irrigation water. Water-level and soil-moisture data were used to estimate travel times for water moving down through the soil profile, and...
Volcanic ash dispersed in the Wyodak-Anderson coal bed, Powder River Basin, Wyoming
Don M. Triplehorn, R.W. Stanton, Leslie F. Ruppert, Sharon S. Crowley
1991, Organic Geochemistry (17) 567-575
Minerals derived from air-fall volcanic ash were found in two zones in the upper Paleocene Wyodak-Anderson coal bed of the Fort Union Formation in the Powder River Basin of Wyoming, and are the first reported evidence of such volcanic material in this thick (> 20 m) coal bed. The volcanic...
Data standardization. The key to effective management
C. Russell Wagner
1991, Conference Paper, ASTM Special Technical Publication
Effective management of the nation's water resources is dependent upon accurate and consistent hydrologic information. Before the emergence of environmental concerns in the 1960's, most hydrologic information was collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and other Federal agencies that used fairly consistent methods and equipment. In the past quarter century,...
Fate of acetone in an outdoor model stream with a nitrate supplement, southern Mississippi, U.S.A.
R. E. Rathbun, D. W. Stephens, D. Y. Tai
1991, Journal of Hydrology (123) 225-242
The fate of acetone in an outdoor model stream to which nitrate was added as a nutrient supplement was determined. The stream, in southern Mississippi, U.S.A. was 234 m long. Water was supplied to the stream by an artesian well at about 1.21 s−1, resulting in a mean water velocity...
Some current themes in physical hydrology of the land-atmosphere interface
P. C. D. Milly
1991, Conference Paper, IAHS Publication (International Association of Hydrological Sciences)
Certain themes arise repeatedly in current literature dealing with the physical hydrology of the interface between the atmosphere and the continents. Papers contributed to the 1991 International Association of Hydrological Sciences Symposium on Hydrological Interactions between Atmosphere, Soil and Vegetation echo these themes, which are discussed in this paper. The...
An exact solution of solute transport by one-dimensional random velocity fields
V.D. Cvetkovic, G. Dagan, A.M. Shapiro
1991, Stochastic Hydrology and Hydraulics (5) 45-54
The problem of one-dimensional transport of passive solute by a random steady velocity field is investigated. This problem is representative of solute movement in porous media, for example, in vertical flow through a horizontally stratified formation of variable porosity with a constant flux at the soil surface. Relating moments of...
Development of water level regulation strategy for fish and wildlife, upper Mississippi River system
Kenneth S. Lubinski, G. Carmody, D. Wilcox, B. Drazkowski
1991, Regulated Rivers: Research & Management (6) 117-124
Water level regulation has been proposed as a tool for maintaining or enhancing fish and wildlife resources in navigation pools and associated flood plains of the Upper Mississippi River System. Research related to the development of water level management plans is being conducted under the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program....
Electron transport in the dissimilatory iron reducer, GS-15
Y.A. Gorby, Derek R. Lovley
1991, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (57) 867-870
Mechanisms for electron transport to Fe(III) were investigated in GS-15, a novel anaerobic microorganism which can obtain energy for growth hy coupling the complete oxidation of organic acids or aromatic compounds to the reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II). The results indicate that Fe(III) reduction proceeds through a type b cytochrome...
The Vigil Network: A means of observing landscape change in drainage basins
W. R. Osterkamp, W. W. Emmett, Luna Bergere Leopold
1991, Hydrological Sciences Journal (36) 331-344
Long-term monitoring of geomorphic, hydrological, and biological characteristics of landscapes provides an effective means of relating observed change to possible causes of the change. Identification of changes in basin characteristics, especially in arid areas where the response to altered climate or land use is generally rapid and readily apparent, might...
Regional hydrogeological screening characteristics used for siting near-surface waste-disposal facilities in Oklahoma, U.S.A.
K.S. Johnson
1991, Environmental Geology and Water Sciences (17) 3-7
The Oklahoma Geological Survey has developed several maps and reports for preliminary screening of the state of Oklahoma to identify areas that are generally acceptable or unacceptable for disposal of a wide variety of waste materials. These maps and reports focus on the geologic and hydrogeologic parameters that must be...
A scientifically based nationwide assessment of groundwater quality in the United States
W.M. Alley, P. Cohen
1991, Environmental Geology and Water Sciences (17) 17-22
Beginning in 1986, the U.S. Geological Survey began an effort to develop a National Water-Quality Assessment Program. The basic premise underlying this initiative is that a better understanding of the quality of water resources across the country, both surface- and groundwater, is needed to develop effective programs and policies to...
Use of sediment-trace element geochemical models for the identification of local fluvial baseline concentrations
A. J. Horowitz, K. A. Elrick, C. R. Demas, D.K. Demcheck
1991, Conference Paper, IAHS Publication (International Association of Hydrological Sciences)
Studies have demonstrated the utility of fluvial bed sediment chemical data in assesing local water-quality conditions. However, establishing local background trace element levels can be difficult. Reference to published average concentrations or the use of dated cores are often of little use in small areas of diverse local petrology, geology,...
Use of stable isotopes, tritium, soluble salts, and redox-sensitive elements to distinguish ground water from irrigation water in the Salton Sea basin
Roy A. Schroeder, James G. Setmire, Jill N. Densmore
1991, Conference Paper
Evaporative concentration of irrigation water diverted from the Colorado River to the Salton Sea basin for several decades has produced an overlying system (that includes drainwater and surface waters) whose composition is highly variable and differs from that of the shallow regional ground water beneath it. The role of hydrologic...
In situ bacterial selenate reduction in the agricultural drainage systems of western Nevada
R.S. Oremland, N.A. Steinberg, T. S. Presser, L.G. Miller
1991, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (57) 615-617
Dissimilatory in situ selenate reduction to elemental selenium in sediments from irrigated agricultural drainage regions of western Nevada was measured at ambient Se oxyanion concentrations. Selenate reduction was rapid, with turnover rate constants ranging from 0.04 to 1.8 h-1 at total Se concentrations in pore water of 13 to 455...
Applications of hydrologic information automatically extracted from digital elevation models
Susan K. Jenson
1991, Hydrological Processes (5) 31-44
Digital elevation models (DEMs) can be used to derive a wealth of information about the morphology of a land surface. Traditional raster analysis methods can be used to derive slope, aspect, and shaded relief information; recently-developed computer programs can be used to delineate depressions, overland flow paths, and watershed boundaries....
Disturbance effects on aquatic vegetation in regulated and unregulated lakes in northern Minnesota
Douglas A. Wilcox, James E. Meeker
1991, Canadian Journal of Botany (69) 1542-1551
The effects of water-level regulation on aquatic macrophyte communities were investigated by comparing two regulated lakes in northern Minnesota with a nearby unregulated lake (Lac La Croix). Natural annual fluctuations of about 1.8 m were replaced with fluctuations of 1.1 m and 2.7 m in the regulated lakes, and the...
Convergent radial dispersion: A note on evaluation of the Laplace transform solution
Allen F. Moench
1991, Water Resources Research (27) 3261-3264
A numerical inversion algorithm for Laplace transforms that is capable of handling rapid changes in the computed function is applied to the Laplace transform solution to the problem of convergent radial dispersion in a homogeneous aquifer. Prior attempts by the author to invert this solution were unsuccessful for highly advective...
Denitrification in nitrate-contaminated groundwater: Occurrence in steep vertical geochemical gradients
R. L. Smith, B.L. Howes, J.H. Duff
1991, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (55) 1815-1825
A relatively narrow vertical zone (5–6 m thick) of NO3− containing groundwater was identified using multilevel sampling devices in a sand and gravel aquifer on Cape Cod, MA, USA. The aquifer has been chronically contaminated by surface disposal of treated sewage 0.3 km upgradient...
Estimation of suspended-sediment rating curves and mean suspended-sediment loads
Charles G. Crawford
1991, Journal of Hydrology (129) 331-348
Suspended-sediment loads are often estimated from an empirical relation between suspended-sediment load (L) and streamflow (S). This relation is usually defined as a power function, L = aSh, and is referred to as a suspended-sediment rating curve. This function can be formulated as either a linear or non-linear model to...
Simulation of vertical compaction in models of regional ground-water flow
S. A. Leake
Anon, editor(s)
1991, Conference Paper, IAHS Publication (International Association of Hydrological Sciences)
A new computer program was developed to simulate vertical compaction in models of regional ground-water flow. The program accounts for ground-water storage changes and compaction in discontinuous interbeds or in extensive confining beds. The new program is a package for the U.S. Geological Survey modular finite-difference ground-water flow model. Several...
Herbicides in surface waters of the midwestern United States: The effect of spring flush
E.M. Thurman, D. A. Goolsby, M. T. Meyer, D.W. Kolpin
1991, Environmental Science & Technology (25) 1794-1796
Approximately three-fourths of all preemergent herbicides used in the United States are applied to row crops over a 12-state area, called the "corn belt" (I). The application of these compounds may cause widespread degradation of water quality (2). Because herbicides are water soluble, there is the potential for leaching into...
A computer program for GEOphysical log data MANagement and plotting (GEOMAN)
I. E. Arroyo, Sigfredo Torres-Gonzalez, Ramon A. Carrasquillo
J.H. Krishna, Vicente Quinones-Aponte, Fernando Gomez-Gomez, G.L. Morris, editor(s)
1991, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Tropical Hydrology
