VARIATIONS IN MINERAL MATTER CONTENT OF A PEAT DEPOSIT IN MAINE RESTING ON GLACIO-MARINE SEDIMENTS.
Cornelia C. Cameron, Paul Schruben
1983, Conference Paper, Los Alamos National Laboratory (Report) LA
The Great Heath, Washington County, Maine, is an excellent example of a multidomed ombrotrophic peatland resting on a gently undulating surface of glacio-marine sediments and towering above modern streams. A comprehensive study sponsored by the Geological Survey of Maine in cooperation with the U. S. Geological Survey included preparation of...
The nature of carbon dioxide waters in Snaefellsnes, western Iceland
S. Arnorsson, I. Barnes
1983, Geothermics (12) 171-176
Over 20 occurrences of thermal and non-thermal waters rich in carbon dioxide are known in the Snaefellsnes Peninsula of western Iceland. On the basis of the thermal, chemical and isotopic characteristics of these waters, and hydrological considerations, it is concluded that they represent meteoric waters which have seeped to variable...
Distribution of differentiated tholeiitic basalts on the lower east rift zone of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: A possible guide to geothermal exploration
R. B. Moore
1983, Geology (11) 136-140
Geologic mapping of the lower east rift zone of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, indicates that more than 100 eruptions have extruded an estimated 10 km3 of basalt during the past 2,000 yr. Six eruptions in the past 200 yr have extruded about 1 km3. The...
INTERACTIVE NAME PLACEMENT FOR PROVISIONAL MAPS.
Jeffrey L. Goldberg, Thomas C. Miller
1983, Conference Paper, Technical Papers of the American Congress of Surveying and Mapping
Computer generation and placement of map type has been refined into a production mode at Mid-Continent Mapping Center (MCMC) for USGS 1:24,000- and 1:25,000-scale Provisional maps. The map collar program is written in FORTRAN using batch processing that allows the program to work in the background....
Kinetic analysis of strontium and potassium sorption onto sands and gravels in a natural channel
Kenneth E. Bencala, Alan P. Jackman, Vance C. Kennedy, Ronald J. Avanzino, Gary W. Zellweger
1983, Water Resources Research (19) 725-731
A kinetic, first-order mass transfer model was used to describe the sorption of strontium onto sand- and gravel-sized streambed sediments. Rate parameters, empirically determined for strontium, allowed for the prediction of potassium sorption with moderate success. The model parameters varied significantly with particle size. The sorption data were collected during...
Influence of the Onion Creek salt diapir on the late Cenozoic history of Fisher Valley, southeastern Utah
Steven M. Colman
1983, Geology (11) 240-243
More than 140 m of upper Cenozoic basin-fill sediments were deposited and then deformed in Fisher Valley between about 2.5 and 0.25 m.y. ago, in response to uplift of the adjacent Onion Creek salt diapir. In addition to these basin-fill sediments, minor amounts of eolian and fluvial sand were deposited...
Lead-isotopic compositions of diverse igneous rocks and ore deposits from southwestern New Mexico and their implications for early Proterozoic crustal evolution in the western United States
J. S. Stacey, D. C. Hedlund
1983, Geological Society of America Bulletin (94) 43-57
U-Pb zircon measurements from some of the basement rocks in southwestern New Mexico have ages that range from 1,650 to 1,450 m.y.The largest ore deposits occur near Silver City in the southwest part of the region studied. They are associated with Laramide alkali...
Paleohydraulic reconstruction of flash- flood peaks from boulder deposits in the Colorado Front Range
J. E. Costa
1983, Geological Society of America Bulletin (94) 986-1004
Nine watersheds in the Colorado Front Range with steep bedrock channels were used to test the accuracy of paleohydraulic reconstruction of large flash floods using boulder deposits. The nine basins consist of eight small ungauged basins ranging in size from 1.6 to 29...
A method of calculating quartz solubilities in aqueous sodium chloride solutions
R.O. Fournier
1983, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (47) 579-586
The aqueous silica species that form when quartz dissolves in water or saline solutions are hydrated. Therefore, the amount of quartz that will dissolve at a given temperature is influenced by the prevailing activity of water. Using a standard state in which there are 1,000 g of water (55.51 moles)...
Distribution of oceanic and continental leads in the Arabian-Nubian Shield
J. S. Stacey, D. B. Stoeser
1983, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (84) 91-105
New common lead data for feldspar, whole-rock, and galena samples from the Arabian-Nubian Shield, together with data from previous work, can be divided into two main groups. Group I leads have oceanic (mantle) characteristics, whereas group II leads have incorporated a continental-crustal component of at least early Proterozoic age. The...
Major and trace elements in Mahogany zone oil shale in two cores from the Green River Formation, piceance basin, Colorado
M. L. Tuttle, W.E. Dean, N. L. Parduhn
1983, Conference Paper, Preprints Symposia
The Parachute Creek Member of the lacustrine Green River Formation contains thick sequences of rich oil-shale. The richest sequence and the richest oil-shale bed occurring in the member are called the Mahogany zone and the Mahogany bed, respectively, and were deposited in ancient Lake Uinta. The name "Mahogany" is derived...
Present and former equilibrium-line altitudes near Mount Everest, Nepal and Tibet
V. S. Williams
1983, Arctic and Alpine Research (15) 201-211
New information on equilibrium-line altitudes (ELAs) of present and former glaciers in the Mount Everest area of eastern Nepal and southern Tibet has been derived from field mapping and interpretation of topographic maps and Landsat imagery. Present ELAs rise from south to north across the Himalayan Range from 5200 to...
Expendable bubble tiltmeter for geophysical monitoring
J.A. Westphal, M.A. Carr, W.F. Miller, D. Dzurisin
1983, Review of Scientific Instruments (54) 415-418
An unusually rugged highly sensitive and inexpensive bubble tiltmeter has been designed, tested, and built in quantity. These tiltmeters are presently used on two volcanoes and an Alaskan glacier, where they continuously monitor surface tilts of geological interest. This paper discusses the mechanical, thermal, and electric details of the meter,...
The use of MAGSAT data to determine secular variation
J.C. Cain, J. Frayser, L. Muth, D. Schmitz
1983, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (88) 5903-5910
A combined spatial and secular variation model of the geomagnetic field, labeled M061581, is derived from a selection of Magsat data. Secular variation (SV) data computed from linear fits to midnight hourly values from 19 magnetic observatories were also included in the analysis but were seen to have little effect...
Estimation of groundwater recharge parameters by time series analysis
Richard L. Naff, Allan L. Gutjahr
1983, Water Resources Research (19) 1531-1546
A model is proposed that relates water level fluctuations in a Dupuit aquifer to effective precipitaton at the top of the unsaturated zone. Effective precipitation, defined herein as that portion of precipitation which becomes recharge, is related to precipitation measured in a nearby gage by a two-parameter function. A second-order...
Role of fluid mixing and fault-related sulfide in the origin of the Ray Point uranium district, south Texas
M. B. Goldhaber, R. L. Reynolds, R. O. Rye
1983, Economic Geology (78) 1043-1063
The Lamprecht and Felder deposits are roll-type deposits hosted by the Miocene Oakville Sandstone. Four distinct stages of FeS 2 mineral formation are recognized: (1) a generation of isotopically light (delta 34 S < -20 per mil) preore pyrite, (2) a generation of isotopically light (delta 34 S < -20 per mil) marcasite that formed mostly...
A strategy for mineral and energy resource independence
W. D. Carter
1983, Advances in Space Research (3) 223-236
Data acquired by Landsats 1, 2, and 3, are beginning to provide the information on which an improved mineral and energy resource exploration strategy can be based. Landsat 4 is expected to augment this capability with its higher resolution (30 m) and additional spectral bands in the Thematic Mapper (TM)...
Faulting arrested by control of ground-water withdrawal in Houston, Texas
T. Holzer, R.K. Gabrysch, E.R. Verbeek
1983, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (15) 204-209
More than 86 historically active faults with an aggregate length of 150 miles have been identified within and adjacent to the Houston, Texas, metropolitan area. Although scarps of these faults grow gradually and without causing damaging earthquakes, historical fault offset has cost millions of dollars in damage to houses and...
Statistical averaging of marine magnetic anomalies and the aging of oceanic crust
R.J. Blakely
1983, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (88) 2289-2296
Visual comparison of Mesozoic and Cenozoic magnetic anomalies in the North Pacific suggests that older anomalies contain less short-wavelength information than younger anomalies in this area. To test this observation, magnetic profiles from the North Pacific are examined from crust of three ages: 0–2.1, 29.3–33.1, and 64.9–70.3 m.y, B.P. For...
A review of distributed parameter groundwater management modeling methods
Steven M. Gorelick
1983, Water Resources Research (19) 305-319
Models which solve the governing groundwater flow or solute transport equations in conjunction with optimization techniques, such as linear and quadratic programing, are powerful aquifer management tools. Groundwater management models fall in two general categories: hydraulics or policy evaluation and water allocation. Groundwater hydraulic management models enable the determination of...
Importance of the Lu-Hf isotopic system in studies of planetary chronology and chemical evolution
P. J. Patchett
1983, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (47) 81-91
The 176Lu-176Hf isotope method and its applications in earth sciences are discussed. Greater fractionation of Lu/Hf than Sm/Nd in planetary magmatic processes makes 176Hf177Hf">176Hf177Hf a powerful geochemical tracer. In general, proportional variations of 176Hf177Hf"><span...
Remote detection of metal anomalies on Pilot Mountain, Randolph County, North Carolina
N.M. Milton, W. Collins, Sheng-Huei Chang, R. G. Schmidt
1983, Economic Geology (78) 605-617
Pilot Mountain, a hydrothermally altered monadnock within the Carolina slate belt, contains areas of anomalously high amounts of Cu, Mo, and Sn in the soils. Leaves of canopy trees in the mineralized zone also contain more copper than trees in a nearby control area. Spectral data were processed using a...
Palaeomagnetism of lower cretaceous tuffs from Yukon-Kuskokwim delta region, western Alaska
B.R. Globerman, R. S. Coe, J. M. Hoare, J. Decker
1983, Nature (305) 516-520
During the past decade, the prescient arguments1-3 for the allochthoneity of large portions of southern Alaska have been corroborated by detailed geological and palaeomagnetic studies in south-central Alaska 4-9 the Alaska Peninsula10, Kodiak Island11,12 and the Prince William Sound area13 (Fig. 1). These investigations have demonstrated sizeable northward displacements for...
Automated determination of bromide in waters by ion chromatography with an amperometric detector
G. S. Pyen, D. E. Erdmann
1983, Analytica Chimica Acta (149) 355-358
An automated ion chromatograph, including a program controller, an automatic sampler, an integrator, and an amperometric detector, was used to develop a procedure for the determination of bromide in rain water and many ground waters. Approximately 10 min is required to obtain a chromatogram. The detection limit for bromide is...
DIGITAL GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE UNITED STATES.
Patricia Fulton
1983, Conference Paper, Technical Papers of the American Congress of Surveying and Mapping
The geologic map of the United States was published in 1974 by the U. S. Geological Survey. This major publication contains an enormous amount of information on the surficial geology of the United States. Many geologists have used this map as a research tool. Most have needed information from only...
