When introduced prey violates trophic hierarchy: Conservation of an endangered predator
Richard Kim, Brian J. Halstead, Eric J. Routman, Julie Anderson
2021, Biological Conservation (256)
Introduced species often disrupt established food webs, but some native predators can come to rely on introduced prey. Understanding the net effects of the non-natives on imperiled predators is crucial for planning conservation measures. The invasive American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) can be prey,...
Organic petrographic evaluation of carbonaceous material in sediments of the Kinnickinnic River, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A.
Brett J. Valentine, John H Krahling, Stephen D. Mueller
2021, Science of the Total Environment (782)
This study examines the use of organic petrology techniques to quantify the amount of coal and carbonaceous combustion by-products (i.e., coke, coal tar/pitch, cenospheres) in sediments taken from the Kinnickinnic River adjacent to the former site of the Milwaukee Solvay Coke and Gas Company....
Automated telemetry reveals post-reintroduction exploratory behavior and movement patterns of an endangered corvid, ʻAlalā (Corvus hawaiiensis) in Hawaiʻi, USA
Jennifer R Smetzer, Alison L Greggor, Kristina L. Paxton, Bryce Masuda, Eben H. Paxton
2021, Global Ecology and Conservation (26)
Continuous movement monitoring is a powerful tool for evaluating reintroduction techniques and assessing how well reintroduced animals are adjusting to the wild. However, to date, continuous monitoring has only occurred for large-bodied species capable of carrying heavy tracking devices. In this study we used...
Causes of delayed outbreak responses and their impacts on epidemic spread
Y Tao, William J. M. Probert, Katriona Shea, Michael C. Runge, Kevin D. Lafferty, Michael J. Tildesley, Matthew J. Ferrari
2021, Journal of the Royal Society Interface (18)
Livestock diseases have devastating consequences economically, socially and politically across the globe. In certain systems, pathogens remain viable after host death, which enables residual transmissions from infected carcasses. Rapid culling and carcass disposal are well-established strategies for stamping out an outbreak and limiting its impact; however, wait-times...
Weather and distance to fire refugia limit landscape‐level occurrence of fungal disease in an exotic annual grass
Cara Applestein, Allison Barbara Simler-Williamson, Matthew J. Germino
2021, Journal of Ecology (109) 2247-2260
The enemy release hypothesis proposes that invasion by exotic plant species is driven by their release from natural enemies (i.e. herbivores and pathogens) in their introduced ranges. However, in many cases, natural enemies, which may be introduced or managed to regulate invasive species, may fail to impact target host...
Global political responsibility for the conservation of albatrosses and large petrels
Martin Beal, Maria P. Dias, Richard A. Phillips, Steffen Oppel, Carolina Hazin, Elizabeth J. Pearmin, Josh Adams, David J Anderson, Michelle Antolos, Javier A Arata, Jose Manuel Arcos, John P. Y. Arnould, Jill Awkerman, Elizabeth Bell, Mike Bell, Mark Carey, Ryan Carle, Thomas A Clay, Jaimie Cleeland, Valentina Colodro, Melinda G. Conners, Marta Cruz-Flores, Richard Cuthbert, Karine Delord, Lorna Deppe, Ben J Dilley, Herculano A. Dinis, Graeme Elliot, Fernanda de Felipe, Jonathan J. Felis, Manuela G. Forero, Amanda Freeman, Akira Fukuda, Jacob Gonzalez-Solis, Jose Pedro Granadeiro, April Hedd, Peter Hodum, Jose Manuel Igual, Audrey Jaeger, Todd J Landers, Le Corre Matthieu, Azwianewi Makhado, Benjamin Metzger, Teresa Militao, William A Montevecchi, Virginia Morera-Pujol, Leia Navarro-Herrero, Deon Nel, David Nicholls, Daniel Oro, Ridha Ouni, Kiyoaki Ozaki, Flavio Quintana, Raul Ramos, Tim Reid, Jose Manuel Reyes-Gonzalez, Christopher Robertson, Graham Robertson, Mohamed Salah Romdhane, Peter G. Ryan, Paul Sagar, Fumio Sato, Stefan Schoombie, R. Paul Scofield, Scott A. Shaffer, Nirmal Jivan Shah, Kim L Stevens, Christopher Surman, Robert M. Suryan, Akinori Takahashi, Vikash Tatayah, Graeme Taylor, David R. Thompson, Leigh Torres, Kath Walker, Ross M. Wanless, Susan M. Waugh, Henri Weimerskirch, Takashi Yamamoto, Zuzana Zajkova, Laura Zango, Paulo Catry
2021, Science Advances (7)
Migratory marine species cross political borders and enter the high seas, where the lack of an effective global management framework for biodiversity leaves them vulnerable to threats. Here, we combine 10,108 tracks from 5775 individual birds at 87 sites with data on breeding population sizes to estimate the relative year-round...
The smell of success: Reproductive success related to rub behavior in brown bears
Andrea T. Morehouse, Anne E. Loosen, Tabitha A. Graves, Mark S. Boyce
2021, PLoSOne (16)
Several species of bears are known to rub deliberately against trees and other objects, but little is known about why bears rub. Patterns in rubbing behavior of male and female brown bears (Ursus arctos) suggest that scent marking via rubbing functions to communicate among potential mates or competitors. Using DNA...
Groundwater management process simulations using an updated version of the three-dimensional numerical model of groundwater flow in northern Utah Valley, Utah County, Utah
Bernard J. Stolp, Lynette E. Brooks
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5010
Groundwater is a primary source of drinking water in northern Utah County. The groundwater system is recharged mainly from precipitation in the adjacent Wasatch Mountains and infiltration of streamflow. In 2004, groundwater withdrawals were estimated to be roughly 44,500 acre-feet per year. In 2016, groundwater withdrawals were estimated to be...
An increase in the slope of the concentration-discharge relation for total organic carbon in major rivers in New England, 1973 to 2019
Thomas G. Huntington, Michael Wieczorek
2021, Science of the Total Environment (778)
The mobilization and transport of organic carbon (OC) in rivers and delivery to the near-coastal ocean are important processes in the carbon cycle that are affected by both climate and anthropogenic activities. Riverine OC transport can affect carbon sequestration,...
Spatial variation in population dynamics of northern Great Plains piping plovers
Rose J. Swift, Michael J. Anteau, Kristen S. Ellis, Megan M. Ring, Mark H. Sherfy, Dustin L. Toy, David N. Koons
2021, Open-File Report 2020-1152
Metapopulation dynamics are determined not only by within-patch birth and death processes but also by between-patch movements of individuals (emigration and immigration). To conserve and manage a species that has a metapopulation structure, defined by local populations that are distributed among patches of suitable habitat, we need to understand each...
Chapter A6.4. Measurement of pH
U. S. Geological Survey
2021, Techniques and Methods 9-A6.4
The “National Field Manual for the Collection of Water-Quality Data” (NFM) provides guidelines and procedures for U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) personnel who collect data used to assess the quality of the Nation’s surface-water and groundwater resources. This chapter, NFM A6.4, provides guidance and protocols for the measurement of pH of...
The role of the Next Generation Lunar Scientists and Engineers (NextGen) group in lunar science and exploration
Ryan Watkins, Lillian R. Ostrach, Sarah Valencia, Amanda Stadermann, Lora Bleacher, Noah E. Petro, Tess Caswell, Amy Fagan, Erica Jawin, Heather Meyer, Deanna Phillips, Hannah O’Brien, Next Generation Lunar Scientists and Engineers Group
2021, Bulletin of the AAS (53)
Founded in 2008, the Next Generation Lunar Scientists and Engineers (NextGen) is a group of students and early career professionals who have a vision and passion for lunar science and exploration. NextGen organizes professional development opportunities through workshops and networking events that are designed to provide...
Procedures for field data collection, processing, quality assurance and quality control, and archiving of relative- and absolute-gravity surveys
Jeffrey R. Kennedy, Donald R. Pool, Robert L. Carruth
2021, Techniques and Methods 2-D4
Repeat microgravity surveys carried out using relative- and absolute-gravity meters are useful for identifying changes in subsurface mass, such as the volume of water stored in an aquifer. These surveys require careful field procedures to achieve the part-per-billion accuracy required to measure the small changes in gravity relevant for hydrologic...
Exploring biophysical linkages between coastal forestry management practices and aquatic bivalve contaminant exposure
Kaegan Scully-Engelmeyer, Elise F. Granek, Max Nielsen-Pincus, Andy Lanier, Steven S Rumrill, Patrick W. Moran, Elena Nilsen, Michelle L. Hladik, Lori Pillsbury
2021, Toxics (9)
Terrestrial land use activities present cross-ecosystem threats to riverine and marine species and processes. Specifically, pesticide runoff can disrupt hormonal, reproductive, and developmental processes in aquatic organisms, yet non-point source pollution is difficult to trace and quantify. In Oregon, U.S.A., state and federal forestry pesticide regulations, designed...
Genomic comparison of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from humans and gulls in Alaska
Christina Ahlstrom, Anna Frick, Catherine Pongratz, Kimberly Spink, Catherine Xavier, Jonas Bonnedahl, Andrew M. Ramey
2021, Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance (25) 23-25
ObjectivesWildlife may harbor clinically important antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacteria, but the role of wildlife in the epidemiology of AMR bacterial infections in humans is largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to assess dissemination of theblaKPC carbapenemase gene among humans and gulls in Alaska.<h3...
Why is tree drought mortality so hard to predict?
Anna T Trugman, Leander D.L. Anderegg, William RL Anderegg, Adrian Das, Nathan L. Stephenson
2021, Trends in Ecology and Evolution (36) 520-523
Widespread tree mortality following droughts has emerged as an environmentally and economically devastating ‘ecological surprise’. It is well established that tree physiology is important in understanding drought-driven mortality; however, the accuracy of predictions based on physiology alone has been limited. We...
Beach placer mineral deposits along localized paleoshorelines of the western Interior Seaway, upper cretaceous Fox Hills sandstone, eastern Denver Basin, Colorado
Michael K O’Keeffe, Marieke Dechesne, Matthew J. Morgan, Stephen M Keller, Katherina Pfaff, Asha Mahatma, Alexander I Peretyatko
2021, Report
Beach placers deposited within the Fox Hills Sandstone along the eastern flank of the Denver Basin contain minerals deemed critical in 2018 by the U.S. Department of the Interior. These marine beach placers, or paleoplacers, were deposited in the Late Cretaceous along...
Genomic association with pathogen carriage in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis)
Alynn Martin, E. Frances Cassirer, Lisette P. Waits, Raina K. Plowright, Paul C. Cross, Kimberly R. Andrews
2021, Ecology and Evolution (11) 2488-2502
Genetic composition can influence host susceptibility to, and transmission of, pathogens, with potential population‐level consequences. In bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), pneumonia epidemics caused by Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae have been associated with severe population declines and limited recovery across North America. Adult survivors either clear the infection or act as...
Surface-air mercury fluxes and a watershed mass balance in forested and harvested catchments
Chris S. Eckley, Collin A. Eagles-Smith, Michael T. Tate, David P. Krabbenhoft
2021, Environmental Pollution (277)
Forest soils are among the world’s largest repositories for long-term accumulation of atmospherically deposited mercury (Hg), and understanding the potential for remobilization through gaseous emissions, aqueous dissolution and runoff, or erosive particulate transport to down-gradient aquatic ecosystems is critically important for projecting ecosystem recovery. Forestry operations, especially clear-cut logging where most of...
A paradoxical knowledge gap in science for critically endangered fishes and game fishes during the sixth mass extinction
Christopher S. Guy, Tanner L. Cox, Jacob R Williams, Colter D. Brown, Robert W. Eckelbecker, Hayley C. Glassic, Madeline C. Lewis, Paige A. C. Maskill, Lauren M. McGarvey, Michael J. Siemiantkowski
2021, Scientific Reports (11)
Despite unprecedented scientific productivity, Earth is undergoing a sixth mass extinction. The disconnect between scientific output and species conservation may be related to scientists studying the wrong species. Given fishes have a high extinction rate, we assessed the paradox between scientific productivity and science needed for conservation by comparing scientific...
Review of the invasive Asian clam Corbicula spp. (Bivalvia: Cyrenidae) distribution in North America, 1924–2019
Amy J. Benson, James D. Williams
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5001
The bivalve Corbicula is one of the most successful aquatic mollusk invaders in the world. Since being introduced to North America from its native range in Asia, it has dispersed widely over a large portion of the continent from southern Canada to Panama. The first evidence of its introduction in...
Survey design optimization for monitoring wildlife communities in areas managed for federally endangered species
B.S. Pease, Krishna Pacifici, Jaime A. Collazo
2021, Animal Conservation (24) 756-769
In wildlife communities composed of federally endangered species, there are often several species of conservation concern that have not yet warranted federally mandated protection. These species often need continued monitoring to inform the direction of future management. While recovering endangered species is an important conservation goal, practitioners are challenged by...
Ecology of an isolated muskrat population during regional population declines
Laken S. Ganoe, Matt J. Lovallo, Justin D. Brown, W. David Walter
2021, Northeastern Naturalist (28) 49-64
Evidence indicating a decline in muskrat populations in the United States during the past 40 years has led to speculation regarding factors influencing muskrat survival. In order to understand population dynamics and survival, it is important to first define the ecology of local populations. We investigated the dwelling structure use,...
Aerial strip-transect surveys: Indexing autumn–winter waterbird abundance and distribution in South Carolina
Beth Ross, G.L. Wilkerson, M.R. Kneece, N.M. Masto, P.D. Gerard, R.M. Kaminski
2021, Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (8) 89-100
Aerial surveys integrating probability-based sample designs have been implemented successfully to estimate relative abundance of wintering ducks in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Missouri, but these approaches have not been evaluated in the Atlantic Flyway except for American black ducks (Anas rubripes) along the Atlantic coast. Furthermore, these surveys have not...
Compilation of information on occurrence and conservation status for the freshwater mussel fauna of Nebraska, Kansas, and Oklahoma
Natasha B. Carr, Tammy S. Fancher
2021, Data Series 1133
The purpose of this data series is to compile information on the occurrence and conservation status of the freshwater mussel fauna of Nebraska, Kansas, and Oklahoma and to map the distribution of a freshwater mussel assemblage for the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management Rapid Ecoregional Assessment...
