Response of the suspended sediment transport system to continental shelf dynamics
Herman A. Karl, D.E. Drake, D.A. Cacchione
1981, Geo-Marine Letters (1) 243-248
Surface currents influenced by a wind-driven upwelling event in San Pedro Bay moved total suspended matter (TSM) confined to the inner shelf on 19 April 1978 seaward, so that by 27 April surface TSM had increased over the outer shelf. Near-bottom concentrations of TSM also increased across the shelf during...
The origin and isotopic composition of dissolved sulfide in groundwater from carbonate aquifers in Florida and Texas
R. O. Rye, W. Back, B.B. Hanshaw, C.T. Rightmire, F. J. Pearson Jr.
1981, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (45) 1941-1950
The δ34S values of dissolved sulfide and the sulfur isotope fractionations between dissolved sulfide and sulfate species in Floridan ground water generally correlate with dissolved sulfate concentrations which are related to flow patterns and residence time within the aquifer. The dissolved sulfide derives from the slow in situ biogenic reduction of sulfate dissolved from...
The occurrence of chlorine in serpentine minerals
Y. Miura, J. Rucklidge, Gordon L. Nord Jr.
1981, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (76) 17-23
Partially serpentinized dunites containing small amounts of Chlorine (< 0.5%) from Dumont, Quebec, and Horoman, Hokkaido, Japan, and one containing less than 0.05% Chlorine from Higashi-Akaishi-Yama, Ehime, Japan have been examined using the electron probe microanalyzer and scanning transmission electron microscope with X-ray analytical capabilities. Chlorine was found together with...
Geological opportunities and constraints on the use of underground space
M.S. Walton
1981, Underground Space (5) 287-289
[No abstract available]...
Reservoir properties of submarine- fan facies: Great Valley sequence, California
H. McLean
1981, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (51) 865-872
Submarine-fan sandstones of the Great Valley sequence west of the Sacramento Valley, California, have low porosities and permeabilities (64 samples averaged 10.1% porosity and 0.87 millidarcies permeability). However, petrography and scanning electron microscope studies indicate that most sands in almost all submarine fan...
Chrysophyte cysts as potential environmental indicators
D.P. Adam, A.D. Mahood
1981, Geological Society of America Bulletin (92) 839-844
Many Chrysophyte algae produce morphologically distinctive, siliceous, microscopic cysts during a resting stage of their life cycles; these cysts are often preserved in sediments. Scanning electron microscopy and Nomarski optics permit much more detailed observation of these cysts than was heretofore possible. We...
Faulting in outer continental shelf of southern Bering Sea
James V. Gardner, Tracy L. Vallier
1981, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (65) 1568-1573
Synthesis of more than 10 000 line-km of high-resolution seismic data indicates the distribution, types, and trends of faults present on the outer continental shelf of the southern Bering Sea. Faults are classified into three types as to whether they 1) offset the sea floor (surface fault), 2) show less...
Geodetic strain measurements in Washington
J.C. Savage, M. Lisowski, W.H. Prescott
1981, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (86) 4929-4940
Two new geodetic measurements of strain accumulation in the state of Washington for the interval 1972–1979 are reported. Near Seattle the average principal strain rates are 0.07 ± 0.03 μstrain/yr N 19°W and −0.13 ± 0.02 μstrain/yr N71°E, and near Richland (south central Washington) the average principal strain rates are...
Migration through soil of organic solutes in an oil-shale process water
J.A. Leenheer, H. A. Stuber
1981, Environmental Science & Technology (15) 1467-1475
The migration through soil of organic solutes in an oil-shale process water (retort water) was studied by using soil columns and analyzing leachates for various organic constituents. Retort water extracted significant quantities of organic anions leached from ammonium-saturated-soil organic matter, and a distilled-water rinse, which followed retort-water leaching, released additional...
The Redskin granite: Evidence for thermogravitational diffusion in a Precambrian granite batholith
S. Ludington
1981, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (86) 10423-10430
The 1000-Ma-old composite Pikes Peak batholith consists largely of medium- to coarse-grained biotite granite but is intruded by several smaller granite plutons. Two of these, the Tarryall Mountains batholith and the Redskin Granite (Hawley, 1969; Hawley and Wobus, 1977), are here interpreted as cupolas atop the main mass of the...
Aseismic uplift in California
Robert O. Castle, Michael R. Elliot, Thomas D. Gilmore, Robert K. Mark, Evelyn B. Newman, John C. Tinsley III, D.D. Jackson, W.B. Lee, C.-C. Liu
1981, Science (213) 246-247
We disagree with several of the arguments cited by Jackson et al. in support of their view that "the inference of wide-spread aseismic uplift in southern California is not justified" (1). Specifically, the striking correlation shown in figure 1 of Jackson et al. (1) is an artifact of the construction,...
Cretaceous Arctic silicoflagellates
D. Bukry
1981, Geo-Marine Letters (1) 57-63
Cretaceous silicoflagellate assemblages from Arctic Ocean USGS Core 437 show Vallacerta siderea the most abundant species; most species of Lyramula disappear halfway up the core; only L. burchardae, n. sp., persists into the upper sections. These occurrences are untypical of the few documented Cretaceous assemblages from other areas. A Campanian...
13C 12C exchange between calcite and graphite: A possible thermometer in Grenville marbles
J.W. Valley, J. R. O’Neil
1981, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (45) 411-419
The fractionation of 13C between calcite and graphite, Δ(Cc-Gr). is consistently small (2.6–4.8 permil) in 34 assemblages from upper amphibolite- and granulite-facies marbles of the Grenville Province. In 25 samples from the Adirondack Mountains, New York, it decreases regularly with increasing metamorphic temperature. The fractionations are independent of absolute δ13C values...
Historical review of and current progress in coal-resource estimation in the United States
G.H. Wood Jr.
1981, Geological Society of America Bulletin (92) 520-528
Nine estimates of the coal resources of the United States have been published in the past 71 years. Although many details of these estimates differ markedly, the 1913, 1922, and 1974 estimates are surprisingly similar. Some differences are due to increased geologic data,...
Preconsolidation stress of aquifer systems in areas of induced land subsidence
Thomas L. Holzer
1981, Water Resources Research (17) 693-704
Aquifer systems in the Eloy-Picacho area, Arizona, the Houston-Galveston area, Texas, and the Tulare-Wasco area and Santa Clara Valley, California, appear to have been overconsolidated by an amount that ranged approximately from 1.6 to 6.2 bars (16 to 63 m of water) before man began to withdraw groundwater from them....
Depositional environments of the Pennsylvanian Pottsville Formation in the Black Warrior basin of Alabama
C.A. Horsey
1981, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (51) 799-806
The Pennsylvanian Pottsville Formation of the Black Warrior basin in Alabama comprises as much as 3000 m of shale, sandstone, and coal. The boundary between the informal units of the lower Pottsville and the upper Pottsville is the base of the Black Creek...
Magnetic signals from the core of the earth and secular variation
L.R. Alldredge
1981, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (86) 7957-7965
An oscillating, radial magnetic dipole source was assumed to exist in the core of the earth, 100 km beneath the core-mantle boundary. As an approximation, electromagnetic propagation was assumed in the core in lieu of hydromagnetic propagation, which could not be used because of unknown internal fields.Using Debye potentials, the...
Economics and coal resource appraisal: strippable coal in the Illinois Basin ( USA)
E. D. Attanasi, E.K. Green
1981, Southern Economic Journal (47) 742-752
Coal-resource appraisals generally describe the location and general characteristics of coal beds. Estimates are made of the average overburden depth (depth of the coal bed below the surface), bed thickness, and perhaps certain chemical properties of the coal [1]. Although such resource compilations represent an important initial step, neither they...
East Pacific rise at 21°N: the volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes of the central axis
Richard D. Ballard, Jean Francheteau, Tierre Juteau, Claude Rangan, William Normark
1981, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (55) 1-10
Photographs obtained by the ANGUS survey system at 21°N reveal many similarities to the geological processes delineated at other spreading centers and in particular those observed in the Galapagos Rift at 86°W. The region of recent volcanism is restricted to a narrow zone (Zone 1) approximately 1 km wide. This...
Distribution and petrology of the Anderson-Coyote Reservoir volcanic rocks
John K. Nakata
1981, Open-File Report 80-1256
No abstract available....
The great San Francisco earthquake
R. D. Nason
1981, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (13) 40-42
Seventy-five years ago on April 18, 1906, the most devastating earthquake in United States history occurred in northern California. This earthquake, which occurred at 5:2 in the morning just as the dawn was breaking, came from rupture of the San Andreas fault from San Juan Bautista (near Hollister) northqard for...
Charles Darwin and the 1835 earthquake at Concepcion, Chile
H. Spall
1981, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (13) 13-17
On a stormy night in October 1836, H.M.S Beagle hove to and dropped anchor at Falmouth, a remote harbor in southwest England. Charles Darwin, the ship's naturalist, came ashore to take the mail coach to Shrewsbury. This was inauspicious end to an epic 5-year voyage around the coast of South...
Preliminary observations on the Campania-Basilicata, Italy, earthquake of November 23, 1980
J. L. Stratta, L. E. Escalente, E.L. Krinitzsky, U. Morelli
1981, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (13) 18-22
The authors comprised a field study team sent by the Earthquake Engineering Research Institue (EERI) and the National Research Council (NRC) of the United States to make a reconnaissance study of the earthquake in southern Italy. The team members were selected for their experience and expertise and served the EERI...
A review of regional mineral resource assessment methods
D.A. Singer, D.L. Mosier
1981, Economic Geology (76) 1006-1015
Over 100 papers on regional mineral resource assessment of nonfuels are classified according to method(s) used and form(s) of product in order to help identify possible methods for future assessments. Types of products that have been used include: tons of metal; tons of rock and associated grade; gross value; potential;...
The partitioning of copper among selected phases of geologic media of two porphyry copper districts, Puerto Rico
R. E. Learned, T. T. Chao, R. F. Sanzolone
1981, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (15) 563-581
In experiments designed to determine the manner in which copper is partitioned among selected phases that constitute geologic media, we have applied the five-step sequential extraction procedure of Chao and Theobald to the analysis of drill core, soils, and stream sediments of the Rio Vivi and Rio Tanama porphyry copper...
