Paleogeography and sedimentology of Upper Cretaceous turbidites, San Diego, California
T. H. Nilsen, P. L. Abbott
1981, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (65) 1256-1284
Upper Cretaceous (Campanian and Maestrichtian) marine strata of the Rosario Group in the San Diego area include the Point Loma Formation and overlying Cabrillo Formation. These units contain six facies associations: (1) shelf and lagoonal sandstone, (2) slope and basin-plain(?) mudstone, (3) outer-fan lobe sandstone, (4) middle-fan channel-fill sandstone, (5)...
Variations in stable- isotope ratios of ground waters in seismically active regions of California
J. R. O’Neil, Chi-Yu King
1981, Geophysical Research Letters (8) 429-432
Measurements of D and 18O concentrations of ground waters in seismically active regions are potentially useful in earthquake prediction and in elucidating mechanisms operative during earthquakes. Principles of this method are discussed and some preliminary data regarding a magnitude 5.7 earthquake at the Oroville Dam in 1975...
Rates and possible causes of neotectonic vertical crustal movements of the emerged southeastern United States Atlantic coastal plain
T. M. Cronin
1981, Geological Society of America Bulletin (92) 812-833
Emerged Pliocene and Pleistocene shorelines and associated marine deposits were used to determine the magnitude and rate of vertical crustal movement during the past 3 m.y. in the United States Atlantic Coastal Plain of South and North Carolina. On the basis of a...
Estimation of accumulation parameters for urban runoff quality modeling
William M. Alley, Peter E. Smith
1981, Water Resources Research (17) 1657-1664
Many recently developed watershed models utilize accumulation and washoff equations to simulate the quality of runofffrom urban impervious areas. These models often have been calibrated by trial and error and with little understanding of model sensitivity to the various parameters. Methodologies for estimating best fit values of the washoff parameters...
The Lasky cumulative tonnage-grade relationship; a reexamination
J. H. DeYoung
1981, Economic Geology (76) 1067-1080
The need for interdisciplinary research on resource appraisal techniques was recognized by Samuel G. Lasky, a U.S. Geological Survey geologist, more than 30 years ago. His efforts to devise an appraisal technique that incorporated many attributes of mineral resources resulted in a cumulative tonnage-grade relationship that has been referred to...
234U and 238U concentration in brine from geopressured aquifers of the northern Gulf of Mexico basin
T. F. Kraemer
1981, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (56) 210-216
The234U and238U concentration in brine from six Gulf Coast geopressured aquifers has been determined. The results reveal very low uranium concentrations (from 0.003 to 0.03 μg/l) and uranium activity ratios slightly greater than unity (from 1.06 to 1.62). Reducing conditions within the aquifers are responsible for the low uranium concentrations....
Petrogenesis of garnet two-mica granites in the Ruby Mountains, Nevada
R. W. Kistler, E. D. Ghent, J. R. O’Neil
1981, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (86) 10591-10606
Garnet-two-mica granites of Jurassic (160 ± 3 m.y.) and Cretaceous (83 ± 1.3 m.y.) ages intrude amphibolite facies metasedimentary rocks of Precambrian age and lower Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in the northern part of the Ruby Mountains, Nevada. High initial 87Sr/86Sr and high values of δ18O for minerals suggest a dominantly sedimentary...
Improved spectrophotometric cell for hydrothermal solutions
N.J. Susak, D.A. Crerar, T.C. Forseman, J.L. Haas Jr.
1981, Review of Scientific Instruments (52) 428-431
A simple, inexpensive spectrophotometric cell was designed for use with aqueous solutions for which temperature is a maximum of 325??C and pressure, 28 MPa. The cell has an internal volume of 5 ml and a path length of 1.31 cm. Each furnace assembly is 120 mm in diameter ?? 150...
Geology of central Lake Michigan
R. J. Wood, R. A. Paull, C. A. Wolosin, R. J. Friedel
1981, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (65) 1621-1632
The geology beneath Lake Michigan between 43°00' and 44°00' N and between 86°30' and 87°40' W is interpreted from a synthesis of 1,700 km of continuous seismic reflection profile data, bathymetry, grab samples, and onshore surface and subsurface information.The continuous seismic reflection profiles and bathymetry provided information for maps of...
Comparison of automated segmented-flow and discrete analyzers for the determination of nutrients in water
V.C. Marti, D.R. Hale
1981, Environmental Science & Technology (15) 711-713
Water samples with specific conductances ranging from 66 to 6950 ??mho/cm at 25 ??C were analyzed for ammonia-N (NH3-N), nitrate plus nitrite-N (NO3 + NO2-N), nitrite-N (NO2-N), and phosphate-P (PO4-P) by using both a "segmented-flow" analyzer and a "discrete" analyzer. Plots of the discrete vs. the segmented-flow results showed linear...
A review of regional mineral resource assessment methods
D.A. Singer, D.L. Mosier
1981, Economic Geology (76) 1006-1015
Over 100 papers on regional mineral resource assessment of nonfuels are classified according to method(s) used and form(s) of product in order to help identify possible methods for future assessments. Types of products that have been used include: tons of metal; tons of rock and associated grade; gross value; potential;...
Molecular carbon isotopic evidence for the origin of geothermal hydrocarbons
D.J. Des Marais, J.H. Donchin, N.L. Nehring, A.H. Truesdell
1981, Nature (292) 826-828
Previous interest in light hydrocarbons from geothermal systems has focused principally on the origin of the methane1 and the estimation of subsurface temperatures from the carbon isotopic content of coexisting methane and carbon dioxide1-3. Higher molecular weight hydrocarbons were first reported in gases from Yellowstone National Park4, and have since...
Factors affecting the partitioning of Cu, Zn and Pb in boulder coatings and stream sediments in the vicinity of a polymetallic sulfide deposit
L.H. Filipek, T. T. Chao, R.H. Carpenter
1981, Chemical Geology (33) 45-64
A sequential extraction scheme is utilized to determine the geochemical partitioning of Cu, Zn and Pb among hydrous Mn- and Fe-oxides, organics and residual crystalline silicates and oxides in the minus-80-mesh (< 0.18 mm) sediments and in boulder coatings from a stream in Lincoln County, Georgia (U.S.A.). The stream drains...
Blast dynamics at Mount St Helens on 18 May 1980
S. W. Kieffer
1981, Nature (291) 568-570
At 8.32 a.m. on 18 May 1980, failure of the upper part of the north slope of Mount St Helens triggered a lateral eruption ('the blast') that devastated the conifer forests in a sector covering ???500 km2 north of the volcano. I present here a steady flow model for the...
Northwest margin of California continental borderland: Marine geology and tectonic evolution
J.K. Crouch
1981, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (65) 191-218
The northwest margin of the California continental borderland consists mainly of two northwest-trending pre-Neogene lithologic belts blanketed by Miocene and younger strata. These belts, which are lithologically and structurally correlated with the Franciscan Complex and Great Valley sequence of northern California, are interpreted to represent facies corresponding to the subduction...
The Algerian earthquake of October 10, 1980 - a preliminary report
A. F. Espinosa
1981, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (13) 23-33
The earthquake occurred at 1.25 pm local time and had a surface-wave magnitude of 7.3. The main event was followed by an aftershock 3 hours later with a magnitude of 6.0. The main earthquake epicenter was located 170 km from the capital, Algiers. -from Author...
Magnetic signals from the core of the earth and secular variation
L.R. Alldredge
1981, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (86) 7957-7965
An oscillating, radial magnetic dipole source was assumed to exist in the core of the earth, 100 km beneath the core-mantle boundary. As an approximation, electromagnetic propagation was assumed in the core in lieu of hydromagnetic propagation, which could not be used because of unknown internal fields.Using Debye potentials, the...
Depositional environments of the Pennsylvanian Pottsville Formation in the Black Warrior basin of Alabama
C.A. Horsey
1981, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (51) 799-806
The Pennsylvanian Pottsville Formation of the Black Warrior basin in Alabama comprises as much as 3000 m of shale, sandstone, and coal. The boundary between the informal units of the lower Pottsville and the upper Pottsville is the base of the Black Creek...
Estimation of impervious-area washoff parameters
William M. Alley
1981, Water Resources Research (17) 1161-1166
In recent years many models have been developed which simulate the quality of rainfall runoff from urban areas. Common to many of these models is the use of an exponential washoff equation. This washoff equation is often modified by an availability equation to account for the effects of runoff intensity...
Solubility of NaCl in aqueous electrolyte solutions from 10 to 100°C
M.A. Clynne, R.W. Potter II, J.L. Haas Jr.
1981, Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data (26) 396-398
The solubilities of NaCl in aqueous KCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, and mixed CaCl2-KCl solutions have been determined from 10 to 100??C. The data were fit to an equation, and the equation was used to calculate values of the change in solubility of NaCl, ???[NaCl]/???T. These values are required for calculations of...
Spectroscopy and decay dynamics of several methyl-and fluorine-substituted benzene radical cations
V.E. Bondybey, C. Vaughn, T.A. Miller, J.H. English, R.H. Shiley
1981, Journal of the American Chemical Society (103) 6303-6307
Spectra of several fluorobenzene cation radicals containing 1-3 methyl substituents were observed in solid Ne matrix and analyzed. Comparisons between these compounds and other fluorobenzenes studied previously as well as comparisons between the Β~ state lifetimes in the gas phase and in the matrix are used to gain a deeper...
Trace elemental analysis of bituminuos coals using the Heidelberg proton microprobe
J.R. Chen, H. Kneis, B. Martin, R. Nobiling, K. Traxel, E. C. T. Chao, J.A. Minkin
1981, Nuclear Instruments and Methods (181) 151-157
Trace elements in coal can occur as components of either the organic constituents (macerals) or the inorganic constituents (minerals). Studies of the concentrations and distribution of the trace elements are vital to understanding the geochemical millieu in which the coal was formed and in evaluating the attempts to recover rare...
Arid land monitoring using Landsat albedo difference images
Charles J. Robinove, Pat S. Chavez Jr., Dale G. Gehring, Ralph Holmgren
1981, Remote Sensing of Environment (11) 133-156
The Landsat albedo, or percentage of incoming radiation reflected from the ground in the wavelength range of 0.5 [mu]m to 1.1 [mu]m, is calculated from an equation using the Landsat digital brightness values and solar irradiance values, and correcting for atmospheric scattering, multispectral scanner calibration, and sun angle. The albedo...
Uranium in big sagebrush from western U.S. and evidence of possible mineralization in the Owyhee mountains of Idaho
J. A. Erdman, G.H. Harrach
1981, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (14) 83-94
Two regional studies of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), a widely distributed and dominant shrub in the western United States, have shown its responsiveness to known uranium mineralization in the Monument Hill and Pumpkin Buttes districts of the southern Powder River Basin, Wyoming, and the Uravan mineral belt area in southeastern...
Preconsolidation stress of aquifer systems in areas of induced land subsidence
Thomas L. Holzer
1981, Water Resources Research (17) 693-704
Aquifer systems in the Eloy-Picacho area, Arizona, the Houston-Galveston area, Texas, and the Tulare-Wasco area and Santa Clara Valley, California, appear to have been overconsolidated by an amount that ranged approximately from 1.6 to 6.2 bars (16 to 63 m of water) before man began to withdraw groundwater from them....
