Wildfire-initiated talik development exceeds current thaw projections: Observations and models from Alaska's continuous permafrost zone
David M. Rey, Michelle A. Walvoord, Burke J. Minsley, Brian A. Ebel, Clifford I. Voss, Kamini Singha
2020, Geophysical Research Letters (47)
As the Arctic warms and wildfire occurrence increases, talik formation in permafrost regions is projected to expand and affect the cycling of water and carbon. Yet, few unified field and modeling studies have examined this process in detail, particularly in areas of continuous permafrost. We address this gap by presenting...
A national-scale assessment of mercury bioaccumulation in United States National Parks using dragonfly larvae as biosentinels through a citizen-science framework
Collin A. Eagles-Smith, James Willacker, Sarah J. Nelson, Collen M Flanagan Pritz, David P. Krabbenhoft, Celia Y. Chen, Joshua T. Ackerman, Evan H. Campbell Grant, David S. Pilliod
2020, Environmental Science and Technology (54) 8779-8790
We conducted a national-scale assessment of mercury (Hg) bioaccumulation in aquatic ecosystems using dragonfly larvae as biosentinels, by developing a citizen science network to facilitate biological sampling. Implementing a carefully designed sampling methodology for citizen scientists, we developed an effective framework for landscape-level inquiry that might otherwise be resource limited....
Height-related changes in forest composition, not tree vulnerability, explain increasing mortality with height during an extreme drought
Nathan L. Stephenson, Adrian Das
2020, Nature Communications (11)
Recently, Stovall et al.1 (hereafter SSY) showed that during an extreme drought, remotely sensed mortality of tall trees was more than double that of short trees. They interpreted this to be a consequence of inherently greater hydraulic vulnerability of tall trees, and suggested that tall-tree vulnerability should thus generalize...
Beloniformes: Belonidae (Needlefishes) and Hemiramphidae (Halfbeaks)
Bruce B. Collette, Stephen Walsh
2020, Book chapter, Freshwater fishes of North America, volume 2: Characidae to poeciliidae
The order Beloniformes (or Synentognathi) contains two suborders, six families, 37 genera, and about 235 species of atherinomorph fishes (Rosen & Parenti 1981; Collette et al. 1984; Collette 2004). Features common to these fishes include dorsal and anal fins on the rear half of the body, abdominal pelvic fins with...
Continuous stream discharge, salinity, and associated data collected in the Lower St. Johns River and its tributaries, Florida, 2018
Patrick J. Ryan
2020, Open-File Report 2020-1061
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Jacksonville District, plans to deepen the St. Johns River channel in Jacksonville, Florida, from 40 to 47 feet along 13 miles of the river channel, beginning at the mouth of the river at the Atlantic Ocean, in order to accommodate larger, fully loaded cargo...
Human behavioral response in the Ridgecrest earthquakes: Assessing immediate actions based on data from “Did You Feel It?”
James D. Goltz, Hyejeong Park, Vince Quitoriano, David J. Wald
2020, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (110) 1589-1602
Human behavioral response to earthquake ground motion has long been a subject of multidisciplinary interest and research. In most versions of seismic intensity scales, human perceptions and behavior are one component of the assignment of intensity. Public health research has shown that actions taken during earthquakes have a significant impact...
Do two wrongs make a right? Persistent uncertainties regarding environmental selenium-mercury interactions
Jacqueline R. Gerson, David Walters, Collin A. Eagles-Smith, Emily S. Bernhardt, Jessica E Brandt
2020, Environmental Science and Technology (54) 9228-9234
Mercury (Hg) is a pervasive environmental pollutant and contaminant of concern for both people and wildlife that has been a focus of environmental remediation efforts for decades. A growing body of literature has motivated calls for revising Hg consumption advisories to...
Hydrologic export is a major component of coastal wetland carbon budgets
Matthew Bogard, Brian A. Bergamaschi, David Butman, Frank Anderson, Sara Knox, Lisamarie Windham-Myers
2020, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (34)
Coastal wetlands are among the most productive habitats on Earth and sequester globally significant amounts of atmospheric carbon (C). Extreme rates of soil C accumulation are widely assumed to reflect efficient C storage. Yet the fraction of wetland C lost via hydrologic export has not been...
Insights into mercury source identification and bioaccumulation using stable isotope approaches in the Hannibal Pool of the Ohio River
Sarah E. Janssen, Kathleen A. Patnode, Bruce R Pluta, David P. Krabbenhoft
2020, Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management (17) 233-242
Mercury contamination in river systems due to historic and current Hg releases is a persistent concern for both wildlife and human health. In larger rivers, like the Ohio River, USA, it is difficult to directly link Hg discharges to bioaccumulation due to the existence of multiple industrial Hg sources as...
Dietary versus nondietary fatty acid profiles of lake trout ecotypes from Lake Superior and Great Bear Lake: Are fish really what they eat?
Louise Chavarie, John P. Hoffmann, A. M. Muir, C. C. Krueger, C.R. Bronte, K.L. Howland, S.P. Gallagher, S. P. Sitar, M.J. Hansen, Mark Vinson, L.F. Baker, L.L. Loseto, William M. Tonn, H. Swanson
2020, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (77) 1209-1220
Fatty acids are well-established biomarkers used to characterize trophic ecology, food-web linkages, and the ecological niche of many different taxa. Most often, fatty acids that are examined include only those previously identified as “dietary” or “extended dietary” biomarkers. Fatty acids considered as nondietary biomarkers, however, represent numerous fatty acids that...
Improved fish counting method accurately quantifies high‐density fish movement in dual‐frequency identification sonar data files from a coastal wetland environment
Michael R. Eggleston, Scott W. Milne, Maxwell Ramsay, Kurt P. Kowalski
2020, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (40) 883-892
There are many ways to quantify fish movement through shallow‐water habitats, but most noninvasive methods (e.g., visual counts) are not effective in turbid coastal wetland waters of the Great Lakes. Dual‐frequency identification sonar (DIDSON) technology (Sound Metrics) offers a noninvasive, hydroacoustic‐based approach to characterize fish movement in wetlands and other...
The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Savannah Sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis)
David A. Swanson, Jill A. Shaffer, Lawrence D. Igl
2020, Professional Paper 1842-FF
Keys to Savannah Sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis) management are providing extensive grasslands of intermediate height and density with a well-developed litter layer, controlling succession, and protecting nesting habitat from disturbance during the breeding season. Savannah Sparrows have been reported to use habitats with 11–190 centimeters (cm) average vegetation height, 4–50 cm...
Structure contour and overburden maps of the Niobrara interval of the Upper Cretaceous Cody Shale in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming and Montana
Thomas M. Finn
2020, Scientific Investigations Map 3457
The Bighorn Basin is a large intermontane sedimentary and structural basin that formed during the Laramide orogeny. The first commercial hydrocarbon production in the Bighorn Basin was established in 1906 from Cretaceous reservoirs at Garland field followed by the discovery of Greybull field in 1907. Since then, many important conventional...
Piscivory in recovering Lake Michigan Cisco (Coregonus artedi): The role of invasive species
Ben S Breaker, Kevin L. Pangle, Kevin Donner, Jason Smith, Benjamin A. Turschak, Randall M. Claramunt, David Bunnell, Jory L. Jonas
2020, Journal of Great Lakes Research (46) 1402-1411
Contemporary conditions in Lake Michigan where cisco (Coregonus artedi) populations are expanding are vastly different from those encountered by the historic fish community. Invasive species introductions have substantially altered the Lake Michigan ecosystem in the last half century. Successful management efforts for cisco in Lake Michigan hinge on our ability...
Accidental chlorophacinone exposure of lactating ewes: Clinical follow-up and human health dietary implications
Meg-Anne Moriceau, Sebastien Lefebvre, Isabelle Fourel, Etienne Benoit, Barnett A. Rattner, Virginie Lattard
Sebastien Lefebvre, Isabelle Fourel, Etienne Benoit, Barnett A. Rattner, Virginie Lattard, editor(s)
2020, Food and Chemical Toxicology (143)
Anticoagulant rodenticides are widely used for rodent control in agricultural and urban settings. Their intense use can sometimes result in accidental exposure and even poisoning of livestock. Can milk, eggs or meat derived from such accidentally exposed animals be consumed by humans? Data on the pharmacokinetics of chlorophacinone in milk...
The role of warm, dry summers and variation in snowpack on phytoplankton dynamics in high-elevation lakes
Isabella A. Oleksy, Whitney Beck, R. Lammers, Cara Steger, Cody Wilson, Kyle Christensen, Kim Vincent, Pieter Johnson, Jill Baron
2020, Ecology (101)
Abstract Climate change is altering biogeochemical, metabolic, and ecological functions in lakes across the globe. Historically, mountain lakes in temperate regions have been unproductive due to brief ice-free seasons, a snowmelt-driven hydrograph, cold temperatures, and steep topography with low vegetation and soil cover. We tested the relative importance of winter and...
Dating silica sinter (geyserite): A cautionary tale
Dakota M. Churchill, Michael Manga, Shaul Hurwitz, Sara Peek, Joseph Licciardi, James B. Paces
2020, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (402)
We describe a new effort to date hydrothermal silica sinter deposits (geyserite) from the Upper Geyser Basin of Yellowstone National Park using 14C of co-deposited organic matter, U-series and cosmogenic 10Be methods. A majority of the samples were collected from stratigraphic sections, mainly at Riverside, Giant, and Castle Geysers. Ages...
Hydrologic modeling to examine the influence of the forestry reclamation approach and climate change on mineland hydrology
Tanja N. Williamson, Chris D. Barton
2020, Science of the Total Environment (743)
Forests in the Appalachian region of the U.S. are threatened by a variety of short- and long-term pressures, including climate change, invasive species, and resource extraction. Surface mining for coal is one of the most important drivers of land-use...
Indexing age-0 Walleye abundance in northern Wisconsin lakes Before fall
Hadley I. A. Boehm, Jason C. Gostiaux, Gretchen J. A. Hansen, Daniel A. Isermann
2020, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (40) 910-921
Age-0 Walleye Sander vitreus recruitment is often indexed using fall electrofishing surveys. However, collecting fish before fall may provide timely information regarding stocking decisions and factors influencing recruitment. We evaluated sampling methods for age-0 Walleye in northern Wisconsin lakes that could be used to assess recruitment in spring and summer....
Validating deployment of aerially delivered toxic bait cartridges for control of invasive brown treesnakes
Scott Michael Goetz, Amy A. Yackel Adams, Shane S Siers
2020, Wildlife Society Bulletin (44) 617-622
Aerial application of management tools can provide a cost‐effective means to conserve or control wildlife populations at the landscape scale. Large spatial scales, however, present difficulties when assessing in situ reliability and integrity of the devices themselves. We demonstrate application of a distance‐sampling density estimation approach to assess the performance of a...
Methods to quality assure, plot, summarize, interpolate, and extend groundwater-level information—Examples for the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer
William H. Asquith, Ronald C. Seanor, Virginia L. McGuire, Wade Kress
2020, Journal of Environmental Modelling and Software (134)
Large-scale computational investigations of groundwater levels are proposed to accelerate science delivery through a workflow spanning database assembly, statistics, and information synthesis and packaging. A water-availability study of the Mississippi River alluvial plain, and particularly the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer...
msocc: Fit and analyse computationally efficient multi‐scale occupancy models in R
Christian Stratton, Adam J. Sepulveda, Andrew B. Hoegh
2020, Methods in Ecology and Evolution (11) 1113-1120
Environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling is a promising tool for the detection of rare and cryptic taxa, such as aquatic pathogens, parasites and invasive species. Environmental DNA sampling workflows commonly rely on multi‐stage hierarchical sampling designs that induce complicated dependencies within the data. This complex dependence structure can be intuitively...
Biological assessment of a proposed vegetation management program to benefit tribes in eastern Oklahoma
Benjamin R. Harms, Heidi L. Bencin, Natasha B. Carr
2020, Open-File Report 2020-1013
Tribal communities may benefit from land management activities that enhance their use of resources on tribal lands. The Bureau of Indian Affairs is implementing a 5-year vegetation management program to provide support for projects that develop and use natural and cultural resources and improve opportunities for agricultural activities to benefit...
In situ observations of wave transformation and infragravity bore development across reef flats of varying geomorphology
Olivia M. Cheriton, Curt D. Storlazzi, Kurt J. Rosenberger
2020, Frontiers in Marine Science (7)
The character and energetics of infragravity (IG, 25 s 250 s) waves over coral reef flats can enhance shoreline erosion or accretion, and also govern extreme shoreline events such as runup, overwash, and flooding on coral reef-lined coasts. Here...
Selective sediment transport during Hurricane Sandy on Fire Island (New York, USA): Inferences from heavy-mineral assemblages
Joao Cascalho, Pedro Costa, Guy R. Gelfenbaum, SeanPaul La Selle, Bruce E. Jaffe
2020, Journal of Sedimentary Research (90) 269-285
In October 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused severe erosion on beaches and dunes of Fire Island (New York, USA). Major shoreline changes occurred with erosional dominance in the upper shoreline and aggradation in the lowermost section of the beach due to the deposition of eroded upper beach and dune sediment. Sand...
