An ecological and conservation perspective
C. LeAnn White, Julia S. Lankton, Daniel P. Walsh, Jonathan M. Sleeman, Craig Stephen
2020, Book chapter, One health: The theory and practice of integrated health approaches
Natural ecosystems are facing unprecedented threats which directly threaten human well-being through decreases in critical ecosystem services (IPBES 2019). The top five drivers causing the largest global impacts to biodiversity and ecosystem services include: 1) changes in land and sea use; 2) direct exploitation of organisms; 3) climate change; 4)...
Impacts of grade control structure installations on hydrology and sediment transport as an adaptive management strategy
Deborah Tosline, Laura M. Norman, Blair P. Greimann, Jay Cederberg, Victor Huang, Benjamin L. Ruddell
2020, Final Report ST-2017-1751-01
The goal of this research was to examine the impacts of Grade Control Structure (GCS) installations at the Heard Scout Pueblo (HSP) study site in the City of Phoenix, Arizona, USA. The study site is around a high-use trail system and is comprised of eroded and incised channels that conduct...
Assessing the efficacy of protected and multiple-use lands for bird conservation in the U.S.
L. Lynnette Dornak, Jocelyn L. Aycrigg, John R. Sauer, Courtney J. Conway
2020, PLoS ONE (15)
Setting land aside has long been a primary approach for protecting biodiversity; however, the efficacy of this approach has been questioned. We examined whether protecting lands positively influences bird species in the U.S., and thus overall biodiversity. We used the North American Breeding Bird Survey and Protected Areas Database of...
Comparative genomics and genomic epidemiology of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis strains
Karen Stevenson, Christina Ahlstrom
2020, Book chapter, Paratuberculosis: Organism, disease, control
Two phenotypically distinct strains of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) were recognized in the 1930s but it was not until the introduction of restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) in the mid-1980s that these two strains, MAP-C and MAP-S, could be distinguished genetically. Since then, a plethora of molecular typing techniques has...
Mississippi Alluvial Valley Forest-breeding landbird population & quantitative habitat objectives
Dean W. Demarest, Blaine Elliott, Robert Ford, David Hanni, S. Keith McKnight, Anne E. Mini, Daniel J. Twedt, R. Randy Wilson
2020, Report
The Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV) is a 9 million ha (22-million-acre) floodplain that supports a diverse and ecologically rich bottomland hardwood forest ecosystem – one of the most productive in North America. It extends from roughly Cape Girardeau, Missouri, to the Gulf of Mexico and features a mosaic of ridges,...
Using video survey to examine the effect of habitat on gag grouper encounter
G. Alvarez, D. Gandy, Brian J. Irwin, Cecil A. Jennings, Adam Fox
2020, Conference Paper
Gag is a reef fish that was declared overfished in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) in 2009. Although Gag are no longer listed as overfished, fisheries managers are concerned that stocks may not be recovering. Our objective was to identify habitat characteristics important to Gag, and their effect on the...
Shallow basin structure and attenuation are key to predicting long shaking duration in Los Angeles Basin
Voon H Lai, Robert Graves, Chunquan Yu, Zhongwen Zhan, Don Helmberger
2020, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (125)
Ground motions in the Los Angeles Basin during large earthquakes are modulated by earthquake ruptures, path effects into the basin, basin effects, and local site response. We analyzed the direct effect of shallow basin structures on shaking duration at a period of 2–10 s in the Los...
Assessing plot-scale impacts of land use on overland flow generation in Central Panama
Sidney A. Bush, Robert Stallard, Brian A. Ebel, Holly R. Barnard
2020, Hydrological Processes (34) 5043-5069
Land use in Panama has changed dramatically with ongoing deforestation and conversion to cropland and cattle pastures, potentially altering the soil properties that drive the hydrological processes of infiltration and overland flow. We compared plot-scale overland flow generation between hillslopes in forested and actively cattle-grazed watersheds...
Simulating wave runup on an intermediate–reflective beach using a wave-resolving and a wave-averaged version of XBeach
A.F. de beer, R.T. McCall, Joseph W. Long, M.F.S. Tissier, A.J.H.M. Reniers
2020, Coastal Engineering (167)
The prediction of wave runup, as well as its components, time-averaged setup and the time-varying swash, is a key element of coastal storm hazard assessments, as wave runup controls the transitions between morphodynamic response types such as dune erosion and overwash,...
Estimating wildfire fuel consumption with multitemporal airborne laser scanning data and demonstrating linkage with MODIS-derived fire radiative energy
T. Ryan McCarley, Andrew T. Hudak, Aaron M. Sparks, Nicole S. Vaillant, Arjan J.H. Meddens, Laura Trader, Jason R. Kreitler, Luigi Boschetti
2020, Remote Sensing of Environment (251)
Characterizing pre- and post-fire fuels remains a key challenge for estimating biomass consumption and carbon emissions from wildfires. Airborne laser scanning (ALS) data have demonstrated effectiveness for estimating canopy, and to a lesser degree, surface fuel components at fine-scale (i.e., 30 m) across landscapes. Using...
Nodal seismograph recordings of the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence
Rufus D. Catchings, Mark Goldman, Jamison Haase Steidl, Joanne Chan, Amir A. Allam, Coyn Criley, Zhenning Ma, Daniel S. Langermann, Garet Jax Huddleston, Andrian T. McEvilly, Daniel David Thomas Mongovin, Yehuda Ben-Zion
2020, Seismological Research Letters (91) 3622-3633
The 2019 Ridgecrest, California earthquake sequence included Mw 6.4 and Mw 7.1 earthquakes that occurred on successive days beginning on 4 July 2019. These two largest earthquakes of the sequence occurred on orthogonal faults that ruptured the Earth’s surface. To better evaluate the 3D subsurface fault structure, (P- and S-wave)...
The Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) surface-water interpolation model, version 3
Saira M. Haider, Eric Swain, James Beerens, Matthew D. Petkewich, Bryan McCloskey, Heather Henkel
2020, Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5083
The Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) is an integrated network of water-level gages, interpolation models that estimate daily water-level data at ungaged locations, and applications that generate derived hydrologic data across the freshwater part of the Greater Everglades landscape. Version 3 (V3) of the EDEN interpolation surface-water model is the most...
Shifting food web structure during dam removal—Disturbance and recovery during a major restoration action
Sarah A. Morley, Melissa M Foley, Jeffrey J. Duda, Mathew M Beirne, Rebecca L Paradis, Rachelle Carina Johnson, Michael L. McHenry, Mel Elofson, Earnest M Sampson, Randall E McCoy, Justin Stapleton, George R. Pess
2020, PLoS ONE (15)
We measured food availability and diet composition of juvenile salmonids over multiple years and seasons before and during the world’s largest dam removal on the Elwha River, Washington State. We conducted these measurements over three sediment-impacted sections (the estuary and two sections of the river downstream of each dam) and...
The distribution of woody species in relation to climate and fire in Yosemite National Park, California, USA
Jan W. van Wagtendonk, Peggy E Moore, Julie L. Yee, James A. Lutz
2020, Fire Ecology (16)
BackgroundThe effects of climate on plant species ranges are well appreciated, but the effects of other processes, such as fire, on plant species distribution are less well understood. We used a dataset of 561 plots 0.1 ha in size located throughout Yosemite National Park, in the Sierra Nevada...
Differences in rhizosphere microbial communities between native and non‐native Phragmites australis may depend on stand density
Wesley A. Bickford, Donald R. Zak, Kurt P. Kowalski, Deborah E. Goldberg
2020, Ecology and Evolution (10) 11739-11751
Microorganisms surrounding plant roots may benefit invasive species through enhanced mutualism or decreased antagonism, when compared to surrounding native species. We surveyed the rhizosphere soil microbiome of a prominent invasive plant, Phragmites australis, and its co‐occurring native subspecies for evidence of microbial drivers of invasiveness. If the...
Climate, sea level, and people - Changing South Florida's mangrove coast
G. Lynn Wingard
2020, Book chapter
South Florida’s coast is a land of contrasts that appeals to almost everyone, whether they seek out quiet natural environments along the mangrove waterways and in the wilderness of the Everglades or vibrant international culture in Miami. Yet this paradise is threatened by a number of forces – changing climate, rising...
Timescale methods for simplifying, understanding and modeling biophysical and water quality processes in coastal aquatic ecosystems: A review
Lisa Lucas, Eric Deleersnijder
2020, Water (12)
In this article, we describe the use of diagnostic timescales as simple tools for illuminating how aquatic ecosystems work, with a focus on coastal systems such as estuaries, lagoons, tidal rivers, reefs, deltas, gulfs, and continental shelves. Intending this as a tutorial as well as a review, we discuss relevant...
Potentiometric surfaces, 2011–12, and water-level differences between 1995 and 2011–12, in wells of the “200-foot,” “500-foot,” and “700-foot” sands of the Lake Charles area, southwestern Louisiana
Vincent E. White, Jason M. Griffith
2020, Scientific Investigations Map 3460
Water levels were determined in 90 wells to prepare 2011–12 potentiometric surfaces focusing primarily on the “200-foot,” 500-foot,” and “700-foot” sands of the Lake Charles area, which are part of the Chicot aquifer system underlying Calcasieu and Cameron Parishes of southwestern Louisiana. These three aquifers provided 34 percent of the...
The collection and analysis of Bay of Fundy sediment under contract between the association of US delegates to the Gulf of Maine Council on the marine environment and eastern Charlotte waterways for contaminant monitoring and analysis
James S Latimer, David Page, Adria Elskus, Lawrence A LeBlanc, Gareth Harding, Peter G Wells
2020, Report
This report presents data obtained through the EcoSystem Indicator Partnership (ESIP) which was established in 2006 to improve understanding and to inform researchers, managers, and citizens about the status and trends of ecosystem health in the Gulf of Maine (http://www.gulfofmaine.org/2/esip-homepage/). In its efforts to compile information on contaminant indicators in...
Toward improving pollinator habitat: Reconstructing prairies with high forb diversity
Pauline Drobney, Diane L. Larson, Jennifer L Larson, Karen Viste-Sparkman
2020, Natural Areas Journal (40) 252-261
Reconstructed prairies can provide habitat for pollinating insects, an important ecosystem service. To optimize reconstructions for pollinators, goals may include enhancing flowering plant cover and richness and increasing bloom availability early and late in the growing season. Resistance to invasive exotic species must also be a goal in any reconstruction,...
Comparing simulations of umbrella-cloud growth and ash transport with observations from Pinatubo, Kelud, and Calbuco volcanoes
Larry G. Mastin, Alexa R. Van Eaton
2020, Atmosphere (11)
The largest explosive volcanic eruptions produce umbrella clouds that drive ash radially outward, enlarging the area that impacts aviation and ground-based communities. Models must consider the effects of umbrella spreading when forecasting hazards from these eruptions. In this paper we test a version of the advection–dispersion model Ash3d that considers...
Effects of dewatering on behavior, distribution, and abundance of larval lampreys
Julianne E. Harris, Joseph J. Skalicky, Theresa L. Liedtke, Lisa K. Weiland, Benjamin J. Clemens, Ann E. Gray
2020, River Research and Applications (36) 2001-2012
Anthropogenic dewatering of aquatic habitats can cause stranding and mortality of burrowed larval lampreys; however, the effects of dewatering have not been quantified. We assessed: (a) changes in spatial distribution, abundance, and emergence of larvae dewatered at Leaburg Reservoir (OR); (b) emergence and mortality of larvae dewatered in a laboratory;...
Modeling soil porewater salinity in mangrove forests (Everglades, Florida, USA) impacted by hydrological restoration and a warming climate
Xiaochen Zhao, Victor H. Rivera-Monroy, Hongqing Wang, Zuo Xue, Cheng-Feng Tsai, C. S. Willson, E. Castañeda-Moya, Robert R. Twilley
2020, Ecological Modelling (436)
Hydrology is a critical driver controlling mangrove wetlands structural and functional attributes at different spatial and temporal scales. Yet, human activities have negatively affected hydrology, causing mangrove diebacks and coverage loss worldwide. In fact, the assessment of mangrove water budgets, impacted by natural and human disturbances, is limited due to...
Climate- versus geographic-dependent patterns in the spatial distribution ofmacroinvertebrate assemblages in New World depressional wetlands
C. Stenert, M.M. Pires, L.B. Epele, M.G. Grech, L. Maltchik, Kyle McLean, David M. Mushet, D.P. Batzer
2020, Global Change Biology (26) 6895-6903
Analyses of biota at lower latitudes may presage impacts of climate change on biota at higher latitudes. Macroinvertebrate assemblages in depressional wetlands may be especially sensitive to climate change because weather‐related precipitation and evapotranspiration are dominant ecological controls on habitats, and organisms of depressional wetlands are...
From lava to water: A new era at Kīlauea
Patricia A. Nadeau, Angela K. Diefenbach, Shaul Hurwitz, Donald A. Swanson
2020, Eos, Earth and Space Science News
No abstract available....
