The effect of temperature on the rate of development and survival of alewife eggs and larvae
Thomas A. Edsall
1970, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (99) 376-380
Eggs from Lake Michigan alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus) were incubated at 79 different temperatures from 42.1 to 87.0 F. Hatching occurred at 44.4-84.9 F and was optimum (38% hatched) at about 64 F. Incubation time varied from 15 days at 45 F to 3.7 days at 70 F and 2.1 days...
Temperature tolerance of young-of-the-year cisco, Coregonus artedii
Thomas A. Edsall, Peter J. Colby
1970, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (99) 526-531
Young-of-the-year ciscoes (Coregonus artedii) acclimated to 2, 5, 10, 20 and 25 C and tested for tolerance to high and low temperatures provide the first detailed description of the thermal tolerance of coregonids in North America. The upper ultimate lethal temperature of the young ciscoes was 26 C (6 C...
Waterfowl breeding habitat in agricultural and nonagricultural land in Manitoba
T.J. Dwyer
1970, Journal of Wildlife Management (34) 130-136
Waterfowl populations and habitat characteristics were examined on 33 potholes in each of two 16-square-mile study areas of agricultural and nonagricultural land in southwestern Manitoba. The agricultural land potholes, lacking in or incompletely surrounded by trees, received greater use by lesser scaup (Aythya affinis), canvasback (A. valisineria), redhead (A. americana),...
Body-scale relation and calculation of growth in fishes
Ralph Hile
1970, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (99) 468-474
Most calculations of fish growth from scale measurements are made from one of four types of curves: straight line through the origin (Dahl-Lea); straight line with intercept (Lee); logarithmic line (Monastyrsky); empirically derived curve (SegerstråYle). Occasionally, different curves are used for different length intervals of fish. Present understanding of the...
Fin degeneration of young-of-the-year Alosa pseudoharengus (Clupeidae) in southern Lake Michigan
Edward H. Brown Jr., Carroll R. Norden
1970, Copeia (1970) 766-769
Young-of-the-year alewives, Alosa pseudoharengus, with extremely shortened caudal fins were observed at four locations in southern Lake Michigan between 1964 and 1968. Some of the fins appeared stunted or underdeveloped, but microscopic examination revealed a deterioration of the fins and not an ontogenetic abnormality. Deterioration of the caudal fin was...
Waterfowl in relation to land use and water levels on the Spring Run Area
Gary L. Krapu, D.R. Parsons, M.W. Weller
1970, Iowa State Journal of Science (44) 437-452
Low water levels during critical phases of the breeding cycle appear to have caused population declines of waterfowl and other marsh birds on the Spring Run Game Management Area. Pair-counts indicated a decline from 70 pairs of waterfowl in 1965 to 2 pairs in 1968. Nest success of upland nesting...
Experimental hybridization among five species of lampreys from the Great Lakes
George W. Piavis, John H. Howell, Allen J. Smith
1970, Copeia (1970) 29-37
Experimental hybridization among five species of lampreys of the Upper Great Lakes routinely produced embryos through stage 8, and four crosses produced embryos to the larval stage. Three critical periods in the embryogenesis of hybrid lampreys were between stages 8 and 9, among stages 10, 11, and 12, and at...
Walleye fishery of Lake Erie in 1943-62 with emphasis on contributions of the 1942-61 year-classes
John W. Parsons
1970, Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada (27) 1475-1489
The commercial fishery for walleyes (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) in Lake Erie virtually collapsed in the late 1950's. The extreme decline in production was attributed primarily to a succession of weak year-classes, caused by habitat deterioration (increased water temperatures, enrichment, and pollution) in western Lake Erie. Unusually high fishing intensity and...
Growth, age at metamorphosis, and sex ratio of northern brook lamprey in a tributary of southern Lake Superior
Harold A. Purvis
1970, Copeia (1970) 326-332
Growth was studied of five year classes of the northern brook lamprey, Ichthyomyzon fossor, collected from the Sturgeon River during intervals between treatment of the stream with a lampricide. Growth varied considerably among year classes. Larvae of the 1963 year class were slightly longer at age II and 30% longer...
Studies on the life history and development of Cuterebra polita (Diptera: Cuterebridae) in four species of rodents
K.J. Capelle
1970, Journal of Medical Entomology (7) 320-327
Cuterebra polita Coquillett is a primary parasite of the pocket gopher. Thomomys talpoides. in the western United States. It also occurs secondarily in other wild rodents that come into close contact with pocket gophers.Field studies disclosed pursuit, mating, and ovipositing at an aggregation site near Monte Cristo, Utah. Eggs were...
Concentrations of trace elements in Great Lakes fishes
Henry F. Lucas Jr., David N. Edgington, Peter J. Colby
1970, Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada (27) 677-684
The concentration of 15 trace elements was determined by activation analysis of samples of whole fish and fish livers from three of the Great Lakes: Michigan, Superior, and Erie. The average concentrations of 7 elements in 19 whole fish from 3 species were as follows: uranium, 3ppb (parts per billion);...
Temperature tolerance of bloater (Coregonus hoyi)
Thomas A. Edsall, Donald V. Rottiers, Edward H. Brown
1970, Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada (27) 2047-2052
Juvenile and young adult bloaters (Coregonus hoyi) were tested for tolerance to high temperatures. The ultimate upper lethal temperature of juvenile bloaters (26.75 C) appeared to be slightly higher than that of young adult bloaters, but was similar to that of juvenile ciscoes,Coregonus artedii (26.0 C), the only other North American coregonine for...
Effects of alewife predation on zooplankton populations in Lake Michigan
LaRue Wells
1970, Limnology and Oceanography (15) 556-565
The zooplankton populations in southeastern Lake Michigan underwent striking, size-related changes between 1954 and 1966. Forms that decline sharply were the largest cladocerans (Leptodora kindtii, Daphnia galeata, and D. retrocurva), the largest calanoid copepods (Limnocalanus macrurus, Epischura lacustris, and Diaptomus sicilis), and the largest cyclopoid copepod (Mesocyclops edax). Two of...
Television experiment for Mariner Mars 1971
H. Masursky, R. Batson, W. Borgeson, M. Carr, J. McCauley, D. Milton, R. Wildey, D. Wilhelms, B. Murray, N. Horowitz, R. Leighton, R. Sharp, W. Thompson, G. Briggs, P. Chandeysson, E. Shipley, C. Sagan, J. Pollack, J. Lederberg, E. Levinthal, W. Hartmann, T. McCord, B. Smith, M. Davies, G. De Vaucouleurs, C. Leovy
1970, Icarus (12) 10-45
The Television Experiment objectives are to provide imaging data which will complement previously gathered data and extend our knowledge of Mars. The two types of investigations will be fixed-feature (for mapping) and variable-feature (for surface and atmospheric changes). Two cameras with a factor-of-ten difference in resolution will be used on...
Neutron radiative capture methods for surface elemental analysis
J.I. Trombka, F. Senftle, R. Schmadebeck
1970, Nuclear Instruments and Methods (87) 37-43
Both an accelerator and a 252Cf neutron source have been used to induce characteristic gamma radiation from extended soil samples. To demonstrate the method, measurements of the neutron-induced radiative capture and activation gamma rays have been made with both Ge(Li) and NaI(Tl) detectors, Because...
Middle Miocene hiatus in volcanic activity in the Great Basin area of the Western United States
E.H. McKee, D. C. Noble, M.L. Silberman
1970, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (8) 93-96
A summary of potassium-argon dates shows that a high level of igneous activity in the Great Basin and adjacent regions during middle Tertiary time (40 to 20 my ago) was followed by a...
Specific heats of lunar surface materials from 90 to 350 degrees Kelvin
R. A. Robie, B. S. Hemingway, W.H. Wilson
1970, Science (167) 749-750
The specific heats of lunar samples 10057 and 10084 returned by the Apollo 11 mission have been measured between 90 and 350 degrees...
Static and kinetic friction of granite at high normal stress
J.D. Byerlee
1970, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts (7) 577-582
Frictional sliding on ground surfaces of granite, angle of sliding planes 30° and 45°, was investigated as a function of confining pressure. Over the normal stress range of 2–12 kb, the static frictional shear stress τs follows the relationship τs = 0·5 + 0· σn and the kinetic frictional...
Use of microearthquakes in the study of the mechanics of earthquake generation along the San Andreas fault in central California
J. P. Eaton, W.H.K. Lee, L. C. Pakiser
1970, Tectonophysics (9) 259-282
A small, dense network of independently recording portable seismograph stations was used to delineate the slip surface associated with the 1966 Parkfield-Cholame earthquake by precise three dimensional mapping of the hypocenters of its aftershocks. The aftershocks were concentrated in a very narrow vertical zone beneath or immediately adjacent to the...
Isotopic composition of strontium in sea water throughout Phanerozoic time
Z. E. Peterman, C. E. Hedge, H. A. Tourtelot
1970, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (34) 105-120
Isotopic analyses of strontium in primary fossil carbonate reveal significant variations in Sr87Sr86">Sr87Sr86 of sea water during the Phanerozoic. The strontium isotopic composition may have been uniform from the Ordovician through the Mississippian, with an average Sr87Sr86">Sr87Sr86 of 0.7078. A subsequent decrease...
Geothermal resources of the northern gulf of Mexico basin
P.H. Jones
1970, Geothermics (2) 14-26
Published geothermal gradient maps for the northern Gulf of Mexico basin indicate little or no potential for the development of geothermal resources. Results of deep drilling, from 4000 to 7000 meters or more, during the past decade however, define very sharp increases in geothermal gradient which are associated with the...
Analytical sensitivities and energies of thermal-neutron-capture gamma rays
D. Duffey, A. El-Kady, F. E. Senftle
1970, Nuclear Instruments and Methods (80) 149-171
A table of the analytical sensitivities of the principal lines in the thermal-neutron-capture gamma ray spectrum has been compiled for most of the elements. In addition a second table of the full-energy, single-escape, and double-escape peaks has been compiled according to energy for...
The diffusion of ions in unconsolidated sediments
F.T. Manheim
1970, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (9) 307-309
Diffusion in unconsolidated sediments generally proceeds at rates ranging from half to one twentieth of those applying to diffusion of ions and molecules in free solution. Diffusion rates are predictable with respect to porosity and path tortuosity in host sediments, and can be conveniently measured by determinations of electrical resistivity...
Deuterium content of snow cores from Sierra Nevada area
I. Friedman, G.I. Smith
1970, Science (169) 467-470
The relative deuterium content was measured on 37 snow cores collected in April 1969 in the Sierra Nevada. The deuterium content varies inversely with altitude of collection (approximately 40 per mil per 1000 meters) but is unrelated to latitude. The altitude relationship is particularly well defined west of the crest...
Jupiter: His limb darkening and the magnitude of his internal energy source
L.M. Trafton, R.L. Wildey
1970, Science (168) 1214-1215
The most accurate infrared photometric observations (8 to 14 microns) to date of the average limb darkening of Jupiter have been combined with the most refined deduction of jovian model atmospheres in which flux constancy has been closely maintained in the upper regime of radiative equilibrium and a much more...
