Sample mounting for organic petrology: No thermal effects from transient exposure to elevated temperatures
Paul C. Hackley, Brian J. Cardott
2020, International Journal of Coal Geology (223)
For sample mounting, organic petrology laboratories typically use cold-setting epoxy-resin (e.g., 40 °C, used by Oklahoma Geological Survey, OGS) or heat-setting thermoplastic (e.g., 180 °C, used by U.S. Geological Survey, USGS). Previous workers have suggested a systematic huminite/vitrinite reflectance (VRo) increase was associated with the thermoplastic preparation process, relative to epoxy mounting,...
Fluorescence spectroscopy of ancient sedimentary organic matter via confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)
Paul C. Hackley, Aaron M. Jubb, Robert Burruss, Amy E Beaven
2020, International Journal of Coal Geology (223)
Fluorescence spectroscopy via confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to analyze ancient sedimentary organic matter, including Tasmanites microfossils in Devonian shale and Gloecapsomorpha prisca (G. prisca) in Ordovician kukersite from North American basins. We examined fluorescence emission as a function of excitation laser wavelength,...
InFish: A professional network to promote global conservation and responsible use of inland fish
Abigail J Lynch, Devin M. Bartley, Beard Jr., David Bunnell, Steve J. Cooke, Ian. G. Cowx, Simon Funge-Smith, Craig P. Paukert, Mark W. Rogers, William W. Taylor
2020, Fisheries Magazine (45) 319-326
Inland fishes and fisheries make substantial contributions to individuals, society, and the environment in a changing global landscape that includes climate, water allocations, and societal changes. However, current limitations to valuing the services provided by inland fish and their fisheries often leaves them out of key decision‐making discussions. InFish is...
Bathymetric and velocimetric surveys at highway bridges crossing the Missouri River between Kansas City and St. Louis, Missouri, May 22–31, 2017
Richard J. Huizinga
2020, Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5018
Bathymetric and velocimetric data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Transportation, near 10 bridges at 9 highway crossings of the Missouri River between Kansas City and St. Louis, Missouri, from May 22 to 31, 2017. A multibeam echosounder mapping system was used...
Atmospheric dust deposition varies by season and elevation in the Colorado Front Range, USA
Ruth C. Heindel, Annie L. Putman, Sheila F. Murphy, Deborah A. Repert, Eve-Lyn S. Hinckley
2020, Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface (125)
As atmospheric dust deposition continues to increase across the southwestern United States, it has the potential to alter ecosystem productivity and structure by delivering nutrients, base cations, and pollutants to remote mountain sites. Due to the sparse distribution of dust monitoring sites, open questions remain about the spatial and temporal...
Evaluating indicators of marsh vulnerability to sea level rise along a historical marsh loss gradient
Lennert Schepers, Matthew Kirwan, Glenn R. Guntenspergen, Stijn Temmerman
2020, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (45) 2107-2117
Sea level rise (SLR) is threatening coastal marshes, leading to large‐scale marsh loss in several micro‐tidal systems. Early recognition of marsh vulnerability to SLR is critical in these systems to aid managers to take appropriate restoration or mitigation measures. However, it is not clear if current marsh vulnerability indicators correctly...
Effects of legacy sediment removal and effects on nutrients and sediment in Big Spring Run, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, 2009–15
Michael J. Langland, Joseph W. Duris, Tammy M. Zimmerman, Jeffrey J. Chaplin
2020, Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5031
Big Spring Run is a 1.68-square mile watershed underlain by mostly carbonate rock in a mixed land-use setting (part agricultural and part developed) in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. Big Spring Run is a subwatershed of Mill Creek, a tributary to the Conestoga River. These watersheds are known contributors of nutrient and...
Genesis and evolution of ferromanganese crusts from the summit of Rio Grande Rise, southwest Atlantic Ocean
Mariana Benites, James R. Hein, Kira Mizell, Terrence Blackburn, Luigi Jovane
2020, Minerals (10)
The Rio Grande Rise (RGR) is a large elevation in the Atlantic Ocean and known to host potential mineral resources of ferromanganese crusts (Fe–Mn), but no investigation into their general characteristics have been made in detail. Here, we investigate the chemical and mineralogical composition, growth rates and...
Dietary patterns in black abalone (Haliotis cracherodii Leach, 1814) as indicated by observation of drift algal and seagrass capture at San Nicolas Island, California USA, 1982‒2019
Michael C. Kenner, Glenn Van Blaricom
2020, Journal of Shellfish Research (39) 113-124
Black abalone Haliotis cracherodii Leach, 1814 are known to feed on drift plant macrodetritus moved about in the intertidal zone by waves and currents. Drift capture is a trait shared by at least several other abalone species. Drift materials are entrapped beneath the anterior foot and held...
Explaining mass balance and retreat dichotomies at Taku and Lemon Creek Glaciers, Alaska
Christopher J. McNeil, Shad O’Neel, Michael Loso, Mauri Pelto, Louis C. Sass, Emily Baker, Seth Campbell
2020, Journal of Glaciology
We reanalyzed mass balance records at Taku and Lemon Creek Glaciers to better understand the relative roles of hypsometry, local climate and dynamics as mass balance drivers. Over the 1946–2018 period, the cumulative mass balances diverged. Tidewater Taku Glacier advanced and gained mass at an average rate of +0.25±0.28 m...
Characterization of surface-water and groundwater quality on the Fort Berthold Reservation, North Dakota, 2014–17
Robert F. Lundgren, Mary J. Iorio
2020, Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5020
The Fort Berthold Reservation is in west-central North Dakota and home to the Three Affiliated Tribes. The primary water-resources concerns on the Fort Berthold Reservation are associated with the different types of land uses from agricultural activities and the rapid development of oil and gas resources in western North Dakota....
Some approaches to accounting for incidental carcass discoveries in non-monitored years using the Evidence of Absence model
Daniel Dalthorp, Paul Rabie, Manuela Huso, Andrew Tredennick
2020, Open-File Report 2020-1027
Executive SummaryWe evaluate three approaches to accounting for incidental carcasses when estimating an upper bound on total mortality (𝑀) as 𝑀∗ using the Evidence of Absence model (EoA; Dalthorp and others, 2017) to assess compliance with an Incidental Take Permit (ITP) (Dalthorp & Huso, 2015) under a monitoring protocol that...
Monazite and cassiterite Usingle bondPb dating of the Abu Dabbab rare-metal granite, Egypt: Late Cryogenian metalliferous granite magmatism in the Arabian-Nubian Shield
Bernd Lehmann, Basem Zoheir, Leonid A. Neymark, Armin Zeh, Ashraf Emam, Abdelhady Radwan, Rongqing Zhang, Richard J. Moscati
2020, Gondwana Research (84) 71-80
The Abu Dabbab rare-metal granite in the Eastern Desert of Egypt is a highly-evolved alkali-feldspar granite with transitional magmatic-hydrothermal features. Extreme geochemical fractionation and the associated significant TaSn resource make the Abu Dabbab intrusion an important feature in the metallogenic...
Zero or not? Causes and consequences of zero-flow stream gage readings
Margaret Zimmer, Kendra E. Kaiser, Joanna Blaszczak, Samuel Zipper, John C. Hammond, Ken M. Fritz, Katie H. Costigan, Jacob D. Hosen, Sarah E Godsey, George Allen, Stephanie K. Kampf, Ryan Burrow, Corey Krabbenhoft, Walter Dodds, Rebecca Hale, Julian D. Olden, Margaret Shanafield, Amanda DelVecchia, Adam S Ward, Meryl C. Mims, Thibault Datry, Michael A. Bogan, Kate Boersma, Michelle Busch, Nathan M. Jones, Amy Burgin, Daniel Allen
2020, WIREs Water (7)
Streamflow observations can be used to understand, predict, and contextualize hydrologic, ecological, and biogeochemical processes and conditions in streams. Stream gages are point measurements along rivers where streamflow is measured, and are often used to infer upstream watershed‐scale processes. When stream gages read zero, this may indicate that the stream...
Synthesis of weed-suppressive bacteria studies in rangelands of the Western United States: Special section of articles in Rangeland Ecology and Management provides no evidence of effectiveness
Matthew J. Germino, Brynne E. Lazarus
2020, Rangeland Ecology and Management (73) 737-740
No abstract available. ...
Bathymetric survey and sedimentation analysis of Lago Carite, Puerto Rico, January 2018
Julieta Gomez-Fragoso
2020, Scientific Investigations Map 3454
During January 23–30, 2018, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority, conducted a bathymetric survey of Lago Carite primarily to update estimates of the contemporary reservoir storage capacity and sedimentation rate. Previously designated transect lines were surveyed by using a depth sounder coupled to...
Preliminary analysis to estimate the spatial distribution of benefits of P load reduction: Identifying the spatial influence of phosphorus loading from the Maumee River (USA) in western Lake Erie
James H. Larson, Enrika Hlavacek, Nathan R. De Jager, Mary Anne Evans, Timothy Wynne
2020, Ecology and Evolution (10) 3968-3976
Since the early 2000s, Lake Erie has been experiencing annual cyanobacterial blooms that often cover large portions of the western basin and even reach into the central basin. These blooms have affected several ecosystem services provided by Lake Erie to surrounding communities (notably drinking water quality). Several modeling efforts have...
Viral, bacterial, and protozoan pathogens and fecal markers in wells supplying groundwater to public water systems in Minnesota, USA
Joel P. Stokdyk, Aaron D. Firnstahl, James F. Walsh, Susan K. Spencer, Jane R. de Lambert, Anita C. Anderson, Lih-in W. Rezania, Burney A Kieke, Mark A. Borchardt
2020, Water Research (178)
Drinking water supply wells can be contaminated by a broad range of waterborne pathogens. However, groundwater assessments frequently measure microbial indicators or a single pathogen type, which provides a limited characterization of potential health risk. This study assessed contamination of wells by testing for viral, bacterial, and protozoan pathogens and...
Practical limitations of Earthquake Early Warning
David J. Wald
2020, Earthquake Spectra (36) 1412-1447
Earthquake Early Earning (EEW) entails detection of initial earthquake shaking and rapid estimation and notification to users prior to imminent, stronger shaking. EEW is coming to the U.S. West Coast. But what are the technical and social challenges to delivering actionable information on earthquake shaking before it arrives? Although there...
Algorithm and data improvements for version 2.1 of the Climate Hazards center’s InfraRed Precipitation with Stations Data Set
Chris Funk, P. Peterson, Martin Landsfeld, Frank Davenport, A Becker, U Schneider, Diego Pedreros, Amy McNally, Kristi Arsenault, Laura Harrison, S. Shukla
2020, Book chapter, Satellite Precipitation Measurement
To support global drought early warning, the Climate Hazards Center (CHC) at the University of California, Santa Barbara developed the Climate Hazards center InfraRed Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) dataset, in collaboration with the US Geological Survey and NASA SERVIR. Specifically designed to support early warning applications, CHIRPS has high a...
A decision framework to analyze tide-gate options for restoration of the Herring River Estuary, Massachusetts
David R. Smith, Mitchell J. Eaton, Jill J. Gannon, Timothy P. Smith, Eric L. Derleth, Jonathan Katz, Kirk F. Bosma, Elise Leduc
2020, Open-File Report 2019-1115
The collective set of decisions involved with the restoration of degraded wetlands is often more complex than considering only ecological responses and outcomes. Restoration is commonly driven by a complex interaction of social, economic, and ecological factors representing the mandate of resource stewards and the values of stakeholders. The authors...
A multidecade analysis of fluvial geomorphic evolution of the Spirit Lake blockage, Mount St. Helens, Washington
Jon J. Major, Gordon E. Grant, Kristin Sweeney, Adam R. Mosbrucker
2020, Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5027
Volcanic eruptions can affect landscapes in many ways and consequently alter erosion and the fluxes of water and sediment. Hydrologic and geomorphic responses to volcanic disturbances are varied in both space and time, and, in some instances, can persist for decades to centuries. Understanding the broad context of how landscapes...
Black bear movement and food conditioning in an exurban landscape
Jessica Braunstein, Joseph D. Clark, Ryan H Williamson, William H Stiver
2020, Journal of Wildlife Management (84) 1038-1050
Conflicts between humans and wildlife have become increasingly important challenges for resource managers along the urban‐wildland interface. Food conditioning (i.e., reliance by an animal on anthropogenic foods) of American black bears (Ursus americanus ) is related to conflict behavior (i.e., being bold or aggressive toward humans, consuming human food or...
Volcanological applications of unoccupied aircraft systems (UAS): Developments, strategies, and future challenges
Mike R. James, Brett B Carr, Fiona D’Arcy, Angela K. Diefenbach, Hannah R. Dietterich, Alessandro Fornaciai, Einat Lev, Emma J Liu, David C. Pieri, Mel Rodgers, Benoit Smets, Akihiko Terada, Felix W von Aulock, Thomas R. Walter, Kieran T Wood, Edgar U Zorn
2020, Volcanica (3) 67-114
Unoccupied aircraft systems (UAS) are developing into fundamental tools for tackling the grand challenges in volcanology; here, we review the systems used and their diverse applications. UAS can typically provide image and topographic data at two orders of magnitude better spatial resolution than space-based remote sensing, and close-range observations at...
Combined effects of biological control of an invasive shrub and fluvial processes on riparian vegetation dynamics
Eduardo Gonzalez, Patrick B. Shafroth, Steven R. Lee, Steven M. Ostoja, Matthew L. Brooks
2020, Biological Invasions (22) 2339-2356
Plant community responses to biocontrol of invasive plants are understudied, despite the strong influence of the composition of replacement vegetation on ecosystem functions and services. We studied the vegetation response to a folivore beetle (Diorhabda genus, Coleoptera) that has been introduced along southwestern US river valleys to control the invasion of...
