Agricultural cropland extent and areas of South Asia derived using Landsat satellite 30-m time-series big-data using random forest machine learning algorithms on the Google Earth Engine cloud
Murali Krishna Gumma, Prasad Thenkabail, Pardhasaradhi Teluguntla, Adam Oliphant
2020, GIScience and Remote Sensing (57) 302-322
The South Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Bhutan) has a staggering 900 million people (~43% of the population) who face food insecurity or severe food insecurity as per United Nations, Food and Agriculture Organization’s (FAO) the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). The existing coarse-resolution (>250-m) cropland maps...
Methylmercury exposure in wildlife: A review of the ecological and physiological processes affecting contaminant concentrations and their interpretation
John Chetelat, Joshua T. Ackerman, Collin A. Eagles-Smith, Craig E. Hebert
2020, Science of the Total Environment (711)
Exposure to methylmercury (MeHg) can result in detrimental health effects in wildlife. With advances in ecological indicators and analytical techniques for measurement of MeHg in a variety of tissues, numerous processes have been identified that can influence MeHg concentrations in wildlife. This review presents a synthesis of theoretical principals and...
Pleistocene lakes and paleohydrologic environments of the Tecopa basin, California: Constraints on the drainage integration of the Amargosa River
Marith C. Reheis, John Caskey, Jordon Bright, James B. Paces, Shannon A. Mahan, Elmira Wan
2020, GSA Bulletin (132) 1537-1565
The Tecopa basin in eastern California was a terminal basin that episodically held lakes during most of the Quaternary until the basin and its modern stream, the Amargosa River, became tributary to Death Valley. Although long studied for its sedimentology, diagenesis, and paleomagnetism, the basin’s lacustrine and paleoclimate history has...
Do the quality and quantity of honey bee-collected pollen vary across an agricultural land use gradient?
Michael P. Simanonok, Clint Otto, Matthew D. Smart
2020, Environmental Entomology (49) 189-196
Pollen is the source of protein for most bee species, yet the quality and quantity of pollen is variable across landscapes and growing seasons. Understanding the role of landscapes in providing nutritious forage to bees is important for pollinator health, particularly in areas undergoing significant land-use change such as in...
The ecology of chronic wasting disease in wildlife
Luis E. Escobar, Sandra Pritzkow, Steven N Winter, Daniel A. Grear, Megan S. Kirchgessner, Ernesto Dominguez-Villegas, Gustavo Machado, A Townsend Peterson, Claudio Soto
2020, Biological Reviews (95) 393-408
Prions are misfolded infectious proteins responsible for a group of fatal neurodegenerative diseases termed transmissible spongiform encephalopathy or prion diseases. Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) is the prion disease with the highest spillover potential, affecting at least seven Cervidae (deer) species. The zoonotic potential of CWD is inconclusive and cannot be...
Nonlinear patterns in mercury bioaccumulation in American alligators are a function of predicted age
A.J. Lawson, Clinton T. Moore, T.R. Rainwater, F.M. Nilsen, P.M. Wilkinson, R.H. Lowers, L.J. Jr Guillett, Katherine W. McFadden, Patrick G.R. Jodice
2020, Science of the Total Environment (707)
Mercury is a widespread, naturally occurring contaminant that biomagnifies in wetlands due to the methylation of this element by sulfate-reducing bacteria. Species that feed at the top <a class="topic-link" title="Learn more about trophic level from...
Ground-motion amplification in Cook Inlet region, Alaska from intermediate-depth earthquakes, including the 2018 MW=7.1 Anchorage earthquake
Morgan P. Moschetti, Eric M. Thompson, John Rekoske, Mike Hearne, Peter M. Powers, Daniel E. McNamara, Carl Tape
2020, Seismological Research Letters (91) 142-152
We measure pseudospectral and peak ground motions from 44 intermediate‐depth Mw≥4.9">Mw≥4.9 earthquakes in the Cook Inlet region of southern Alaska, including those from the 2018 <span id="MathJax-Element-4-Frame"...
The sedimentary record of the 2018 Anchorage Earthquake in Eklutna Lake, Alaska: Calibrating the lacustrine seismograph
Maarten Van Daele, Peter J. Haeussler, Robert C. Witter, Nore Praet, Marc De Batist
2020, Seismological Research Letters (91) 126-141
The 30 November 2018 Mw">MMw">w 7.1 Anchorage earthquake caused modified Mercalli intensities of V¼ to V½ at Eklutna Lake...
Occupancy patterns in a reintroduced fisher population during reestablishment
Patricia J. Happe, Kurt Jenkins, Rebecca M. McCaffery, J. C. Lewis, Kristine Pilgrim, Michael K. Schwartz
2020, Journal of Wildlife Management (84) 344-358
Monitoring population performance in the years following species reintroductions is key to assessing population restoration success and evaluating assumptions made in planning species restoration programs. From 2008–2010 we translocated 90 fishers (Pekania pennanti) from British Columbia, Canada, to Washington's Olympic Peninsula, USA, providing the opportunity to...
Hydrologic resilience from summertime fog and recharge: A case study for coho salmon recovery planning
Alicia A. Torregrosa, Lorraine E. Flint, Alan L. Flint
2020, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (56) 134-160
Fog and low cloud cover (FLCC) and late summer recharge increase stream baseflow and decrease stream temperature during arid Mediterranean climate summers, which benefits salmon especially under climate warming conditions. The potential to discharge cool water to streams during the late summer (hydrologic capacity; HC) furnished by FLCC and recharge...
Inoculation and habitat amelioration efforts in biological soil crust recovery vary by desert and soil texture
Akasha M. Faist, Anita J. Antoninka, Jayne Belnap, Matthew A. Bowker, Michael C. Duniway, Ferran Garcia-Pichel, Corey Nelson, Sasha C. Reed, Ana Giraldo Silva, Sergio Velasco-Ayuso, Nichole N. Barger
2020, Restoration Ecology (28) s96-s105
As dryland degradation continues, it is increasingly important to understand how to effectively restore biocrust communities. Potential techniques include the addition of biocrust inoculum to accelerate biocrust recovery. Enhanced erosion typical of degraded environments creates a challenge for these approaches, due to loss by wind or water and burial by...
Could a freshwater fish be at the root of dystrophic crises in a coastal lagoon?
Marco Milardi, Elisa Soana, Duane Chapman, Elisa Anna Fano, Giuseppe Castaldelli
2020, Science of the Total Environment (711)
Eutrophication has a profound impact on ecosystems worldwide. Grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella, an herbivorous fish, has been introduced to control aquatic plant overgrowth caused by eutrophication, but could have other, potentially detrimental, effects. We used the Po di Volano basin (south of the Po River...
Controls on sediment distribution in the coastal zone of the central California transform continental margin, USA
Samuel Y. Johnson, Jeffrey W. Beeson, Janet Watt, Ray Sliter, Antoinette Papesh
2020, Marine Geology (420)
We use >10,000 km of high-resolution seismic-reflection data together with multibeam bathymetry to document complex and highly variable post-Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) sediment distribution and thickness in the coastal zone (~10 m isobath to 5.6 km offshore) along a ~800 km section of central California's transform continental margin. Sediment thickness ranges from 0...
Relaxing segmentation on the Wasatch Fault Zone: Impact on seismic hazard
Alessandro Valentini, Christopher DuRoss, Edward H. Field, Ryan D. Gold, Richard W. Briggs, Francesco Visini, Bruno Pace
2020, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (110) 83-109
The multisegment Wasatch fault zone is a well-studied normal fault in the western United States that has paleoseismic evidence of recurrent Holocene surface-faulting earthquakes. Along the 270-km-long central part of the fault, four primary structural complexities provide possible along-strike limits to these ruptures and form the basis for models of...
Multiple conceptualizations of nature are key to inclusivity and legitimacy in global environmental governance
Luca Coscieme, Hakon da Silva Hyldmo, Alvaro Fernandez-Llamazares, Ignacio Palomo, Tuyeni H. Mwampamba, Odirilwe Selomane, Nadia Sitas, Pedro Jaureguiberry, Yasuo Takahashi, Michelle Lim, Maria P. Barral, Juliana S. Farinaci, Julio Diaz-Jose, Sonali Ghosh, Joyce Ojino, Amani Alassaf, Bernard N. Baatuuwie, Lenke Balint, Zeenatul Basher, Fanny Boeraeve, Sugeng Budiharta, R. Chen, Maylis Desrousseaux, Gregory Dowo, Catherine M. Febria, Houda Ghazi, Zuzanna V. Harmackova, R. Jaffe, Mphatso M. Kalemba, Cosmas K. Lambini, Felicia P.S. Lasmana, Assem A. A. Mohammed, Aidin Niamir, Patricio Pliscoff, Rahat Sabyrbekov, Anna A. Sidorovich, Uttam B. Shrestha, Laura Thompson, Mireia Valle
2020, Environmental Science and Policy (104) 36-42
Despite increasing scientific understanding of the global environmental crisis, we struggle to adopt the policies and practices science suggests we should. One of the reasons for this is the general absence of inclusive engagement and dialogue among a wide range of actors with distinct interactions with nature. Furthermore, there is...
Using integrated population models for insights into monitoring programs: An application using pink-footed geese
Fred Johnson, Guthrie S. Zimmerman, Gitte H. Jensen, Kevin K. Clausen, Morten Frederiksen, Jesper Madsen
2020, Ecological Modelling (415)
Development of integrated population models (IPMs) assume the absence of systematic bias in monitoring programs, yet many potential sources of systematic bias in monitoring data exist (e.g., under-counts of abundance). By integrating multiple sources of data, we can assess whether various sources of monitoring data provide consistent inferences about changes...
Quantifying contributions to tournament catches among resident, stocked, and hybrid black basses (Micropterus spp.)
John S. Hargrove, Mark W. Rogers, Phillip T. Kacmar
2020, Fisheries Management and Ecology (27) 219-226
Millions of Florida bass, Micropterus floridanus Lesueur, are stocked annually into populations of largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides Lacepède, to increase trophy fish abundance. However, little effort has related the role that resultant hybrids make to angler catches. Largemouth bass were sampled from an important recreational fishery subject to extensive Florida bass stocking to address...
RAD-seq refines previous estimates of genetic structure in Lake Erie walleye
Kuan-Yu Chen, Peter T. Euclide, Stuart A. Ludsin, Wesley Larson, Michael G. Sovic, H. Lisle Gibbs, Elizabeth A. Marschall
2020, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (149) 159-173
Delineating population structure helps fishery managers to maintain a diverse “portfolio” of local spawning populations (stocks), as well as facilitate stock-specific management. In Lake Erie, commercial and recreational fisheries for Walleye Sander vitreus exploit numerous local spawning populations, which cannot be easily differentiated using traditional genetic data (e.g., microsatellites). Here, we used...
Directivity of M 3.1 earthquake near Anza, California and the effect on peak ground motion
Jon Peter B. Fletcher, John Boatwright
2020, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (110) 312-318
We show the effect of rupture directivity on peak ground‐motion values for a moderate magnitude event at Anza, California, and neighboring stations at the Imperial Valley. The event was located near Borrego Springs on the west side of the Salton Sea and was well recorded at broadband stations near Anza,...
Holocene rupture history of the central Teton fault at Leigh Lake; Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming
Mark Zellman, Christopher DuRoss, Glenn R. Thackray, Stephen Personius, Nadine G. Reitman, Shannon A. Mahan, Cooper Brossy
2020, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (110) 67-82
Prominent scarps on Pinedale glacial surfaces along the eastern base of the Teton Range confirm latest Pleistocene to Holocene surface‐faulting earthquakes on the Teton fault, but the timing of these events is only broadly constrained by a single previous paleoseismic study. We excavated two trenches at the Leigh Lake site...
Estimating population size with imperfect detection using a parametric bootstrap
Lisa Madsen, Daniel Dalthorp, Manuela Huso, Andy Aderman
2020, Environmetrics (31)
We develop a novel method of estimating population size from imperfectly detected counts of individuals and a separate estimate of detection probability. Observed counts are separated into classes within which detection probability is assumed constant. Within a detection class, counts are modeled as a single binomial...
Gaps and hotspots in the state of knowledge of pinyon-juniper communities
Jessica A. Hartsell, Stella M. Copeland, Seth M. Munson, Bradley J. Butterfield, John B. Bradford
2020, Forest Ecology and Management (455)
Pinyon-juniper (PJ) plant communities cover a large area across North America and provide critical habitat for wildlife, biodiversity and ecosystem functions, and rich cultural resources. These communities occur across a variety of environmental gradients, disturbance regimes, structural conditions and species compositions, including three species of juniper and two species of...
Heat accumulation on coral reefs mitigated by internal waves
Alex S. J. Wyatt, James J. Leichter, Lauren T. Toth, Toshihiro Miyajima, Richard B. Aronson, Toshi Nagata
2020, Nature Geoscience (13) 28-34
Coral reefs are among the most species-rich, productive and economically valuable ecosystems on Earth but increasingly frequent pantropical coral bleaching events are threatening their persistence on a global scale. The 2015–2016 El Niño led to the hottest sea surface temperatures on record and widespread bleaching of shallow-water corals. However, the...
Life history structure of westslope cutthroat trout: Inferences from otolith microchemistry
John W Heckel, Michael C. Quist, Carson J. Watkins, Andrew M. Dux
2020, Fisheries Research (222)
Life history diversity is important for population stability and is dependent on connectivity to habitat that supports all life stages and life history strategies for a species. Westslope Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi (WCT) exhibit plasticity in life history strategies in response to environmental variability, but fisheries managers have been challenged with...
Post-fire aspen (Populus tremuloides) regeneration varies in response to winter precipitation across a regional climate gradient
Susan K. McIlroy, Douglas J. Shinneman
2020, Forest Ecology and Management (455)
Altered climate and changing fire regimes are synergistically impacting forest communities globally, resulting in deviations from historical norms and creation of novel successional dynamics. These changes are particularly important when considering the stability of a keystone species such as quaking aspen...
