Negligible cycling of terrestrial carbon in many lakes of the arid circumpolar landscape
Matthew J. Bogard, Catherine D. Kuhn, Sarah Ellen Johnston, Robert G. Striegl, Gordon W. Holtgrieve, Mark M. Dornblaser, Robert G. M. Spencer, Kimberly P. Wickland, David E. Butman
2019, Nature Geoscience (12) 180-185
High-latitude environments store nearly half of the planet’s below-ground organic carbon (OC), mostly in perennially frozen permafrost soils. Climatic changes drive increased export of terrestrial OC into many aquatic networks, yet the role that circumpolar lakes play in mineralizing this carbon is unclear. Here we directly evaluate ecosystem-scale OC cycling...
Postglacial faulting near Crater Lake, Oregon, and its possible association with the Mazama caldera-forming eruption
Charles R. Bacon, Joel E. Robinson
2019, Geological Society of America Bulletin (131) 1440-1458
Volcanoes of subduction-related magmatic arcs occur in a variety of crustal tectonic regimes, including where active faults indicate arc-normal extension. The Cascades arc volcano Mount Mazama overlaps on its west an ∼10-km-wide zone of ∼north-south–trending normal faults. A lidar (light detection and ranging) survey of Crater Lake National Park, reveals...
Stratigraphic cross sections of the Niobrara Interval of the Upper Cretaceous Cody Shale in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming and Montana
Thomas M. Finn
2019, Scientific Investigations Map 3422
The Bighorn Basin is one of many structural and sedimentary basins that formed in the Rocky Mountain foreland during the Laramide orogeny. The basin is nearly 180 miles long, 100 miles wide, and encompasses about 10,400 square miles in northern Wyoming and southern Montana. The basin is bounded by major...
Factors affecting the occurrence of lead and manganese in untreated drinking water from Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain aquifers, eastern United States—Dissolved oxygen and pH framework for evaluating risk of elevated concentrations
Craig J. Brown, Jeannie R. B. Barlow, Charles A. Cravotta III, Bruce D. Lindsey
2019, Applied Geochemistry (101) 88-102
Groundwater samples collected during 2012 and 2013 from public-supply wells screened in the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain aquifers of the eastern and southeastern U.S. rarely contained lead or manganese concentrations that exceeded drinking-water limits, despite having corrosive characteristics. Data indicate that the occurrence of dissolved lead and manganese in sampled groundwater, prior to...
Most Earth-surface calcites precipitate out of isotopic equilibrium
Mathieu Daeron, Russell N Drysdale, Marion Peral, Damien Huyghe, Dominique Blamart, Tyler B. Coplen, Franck Lartaud, Giovanni Zanchetta
2019, Nature Communications (10) 1-7
Oxygen-isotope thermometry played a critical role in the rise of modern geochemistry and remains extensively used in (bio-)geoscience. Its theoretical foundations rest on the assumption that 18O/16O partitioning among water and carbonate minerals primarily reflects thermodynamic equilibrium. However, after decades of research, there is no consensus on the true equilibrium 18O/16O fractionation...
Research priorities for freshwater mussel conservation assessment
Noe Ferreira-Rodriguez, Yoshihiro B. Akiyama, Olga V. Aksenova, M. Christopher Barnhart, Yulia V. Bespalaya, Arthur E. Bogan, Ivan N Bolotov, Prem B. Budha, Cristhian Clavijo, Susan J. Clearwater, Gustavo Darrigran, Van Tu Do, Karel Douda, Elsa Froufe, Clemens Gumpinger, Lennart Henrikson, Chris L. Humphrey, Nathan A. Johnson, Olga Klishko, Michael W. Klunzinger, Satit Kovitvadhi, Uthaiwan Kovitvadhi, Jasna Lajtner, Manuel Lopes-Lima, Evelyn A. Moorkens, Shigeya Nagayama, Karl-Otto Nagel, Mitsunori Nakano, Junjiro N. Negishi, Paz Ondina, Panu Oulasvirta, Vincent Prie, Nicoletta Riccardi, Mudite Rudzite, Fran Sheldon, Ronaldo Sousa, David L. Strayer, Motoi Takeuchi, Jouni Taskinen, Amilcar Teixeira, Jeremy S. Tiemann, Maria Urbanska, Simone Varandas, Maxim V. Vinarski, Barry J. Wicklow, Tadeusz Zajac, Caryn C. Vaughn
2019, Biological Conservation (231) 77-87
Freshwater mussels are declining globally, and effective conservation requires prioritizing research and actions to identify and mitigate threats impacting mussel species. Conservation priorities vary widely, ranging from preventing imminent extinction to maintaining abundant populations. Here, we develop a portfolio of priority research topics for freshwater mussel conservation assessment. To address...
US Topo Product Standard
Larry R. Davis, Kristin A. Fishburn, Helmut Lestinsky, Laurence R. Moore, Jennifer L. Walter
2019, Techniques and Methods 11-B2
This document defines a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) digital topographic map. This map product series, named “US Topo,” is modeled on the now historical USGS 7.5-minute (1:24,000 scale) topographic map series produced and printed by the USGS from 1947 to 2006. US Topo maps have the...
Marshes are the new beaches: Integrating sediment transport into restoration planning
Neil K. Ganju
2019, Estuaries and Coasts (42) 917-926
Recent coastal storms and associated recovery efforts have led to increased investment in nature-based coastal protection, including restoration of salt marshes and construction of living shorelines. In particular, many of these efforts focus on increasing vertical elevation through sediment nourishment, where sediment is removed from the tidal channel and placed...
Evaluation of genetic change from translocation among Gunnison Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus minimus) populations
Shawna J Zimmerman, Cameron L. Aldridge, Anthony D. Apa, Sara J. Oyler-McCance
2019, Ornithological Applications (121)
Maintenance of genetic diversity is important for conserving species, especially those with fragmented habitats or ranges. In the absence of natural dispersal, translocation can be used to achieve this goal, although the success of translocation can be difficult to measure. Here we evaluate genetic change following translocation in Gunnison...
The dual‐domain porosity apparatus: Characterizing dual porosity at the sediment/water interface
Courtney R. Scruggs, Martin A. Briggs, Frederick D. Day-Lewis, Dale D. Werkema, John W. Lane Jr.
2019, Groundwater (57) 640-646
The characterization of pore-space connectivity in porous media at the sediment/water interface is critical to understanding contaminant transport and reactive biogeochemical processes in zones of groundwater and surface-water exchange. Previous in situ studies of dual-domain (i.e., mobile/less-mobile porosity) studies have been limited to solute tracer injections at...
Three-dimensional geologic mapping to assess geothermal potential: Examples from Nevada and Oregon
Drew L. Siler, James E. Faulds, Nicholas H. Hinz, Gregory M. Dering, Joel H. Edwards, Brett Mayhew
2019, Geothermal Energy – Science, Society and Technology (7) 1-32
Geologic structure plays an important role in controlling fluid flow in geothermal systems. In particular, very complex structural settings, consisting of many closely spaced and intersecting faults, host many geothermal systems. To elucidate the key geologic factors that affect fault-controlled geothermal circulation, it is critical to precisely characterize the structural...
A bibliometric profile of the Remote Sensing Open Access Journal published by MDPI between 2009 and 2018
YuYing Zhang, Prasad S. Thenkabail, Peng Wang
2019, Remote Sensing (11) 1-34
Remote Sensing Open Access Journal (RS OAJ) is an international leading journal in the field of remote sensing science and technology. It was first published in the year 2009 and is currently celebrating tenth year of publications. In this research, a bibliometric analysis of RS OAJ was conducted based on...
Rayleigh wave ellipticity measurement uncertainty across the IRIS/USGS and New China Digital Seismograph Networks
Adam T. Ringler, David C. Wilson, Walter Zurn, Robert E. Anthony
2019, Geophysical Journal International (217) 219-237
Long-period Rayleigh wave horizontal to vertical amplitude (H/V) ratios at a station provide information about local earth structure that is complementary to phase velocity. However, a number of studies have observed that significant scatter appears in these measurements making it difficult to use H/V ratio measurements to resolve earth structure....
Stratification of reactivity determines nitrate removal in groundwater
Tamara Kolbe, Jean-Raynald de Dreuzy, Benjamin Abbott, Luc Aquilina, Tristan Babey, Christopher Green, Jan Fleckenstein, Thierry Labasque, Anniet M Laverman, Jean Marcais, Stefan Peiffer, Zahra Thomas, Gilles Pinay
2019, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (7) 2494-2499
Biogeochemical reactions occur unevenly in space and time, but this heterogeneity is often simplified as a linear average due to sparse data, especially in subsurface environments where access is limited. For example, little is known about the spatial variability of groundwater denitrification, an important process in...
Adaptive management assists reintroduction as higher tides threaten an endangered salt marsh plant
Gregory E. Noe, Meghan Fellows, Lorraine Parsons, Janelle West, John C. Callaway, Sally Trnka, Mark Wegener, Joy Zedler
2019, Restoration Ecology (27) 750-757
In theory, extirpated plant species can be reintroduced and managed to restore sustainable populations. However, few reintroduced plants are known to persist for more than a few years. Our adaptive‐management case study illustrates how we restored the endangered hemiparasitic annual plant, Chloropyron maritimum subsp. maritimum (salt marsh bird's beak), to Sweetwater Marsh, San Diego...
Azimuthal seismic anisotropy of 70 Ma Pacific‐plate upper mantle
H. F. Mark, D. Lizarralde, J. A. Collins, Nathaniel C. Miller, G. Hirth, J. B. Gaherty, R. L. Evans
2019, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (124) 1889-1909
Plate formation and evolution processes are predicted to generate upper mantle seismic anisotropy and negative vertical velocity gradients in oceanic lithosphere. However, predictions for upper mantle seismic velocity structure do not fully agree with the results of seismic experiments. The strength of anisotropy observed in the upper mantle varies widely....
Linking landscapes and people—Projecting the future of the Great Plains
Terry L. Sohl, Jordan Dornbierer, Steve Wika
2019, Rangelands (41) 79-87
We developed a unique set of landscape projections for the Great Plains that use real land-management parcels to represent landscape patterns at high spatial and thematic resolution.Both anthropogenic land use and natural vegetation respond in the model to projected changes in groundwater availability and climate change.Thirty-three scenario combinations were modeled, facilitating landscape planning and mitigation efforts under...
Rapid pre-concentration of mercury in solids and water for isotopic analysis
Sarah E. Janssen, Ryan F. Lepak, Michael T. Tate, Jacob M. Ogorek, John F. DeWild, Christopher L. Babiarz, James P. Hurley, David P. Krabbenhoft
2019, Analytica Chimica Acta (1054) 95-103
The precise quantification of mercury (Hg) stable isotope compositions in low concentration or dilute samples poses analytical challenges due to Hg mass limitations. Common Hg pre-concentration procedures require extended processing times, making rapid Hg stable isotope measurements challenging. Here we present a modified pre-concentration method that combines commonly used Hg reduction and gold trap...
Population connectivity of pelagic megafauna in the Cuba-Mexico-United States triangle
Jay R. Rooker, Michael A. Dance, R. J. David Wells, Matthew J. Ajemian, Barbara A. Block, Michael R. Castleton, J. Marcus Drymon, Brett J. Falterman, James S. Franks, Neil Hammerschlag, Jill M. Hendon, Eric R. Hoffmayer, Richard T. Kraus, Jennifer A. McKinney, David H. Secor, Gregory W. Stunz, John F. Walter
2019, Scientific Reports (9) 1-13
The timing and extent of international crossings by billfishes, tunas, and sharks in the Cuba-Mexico-United States (U.S.) triangle was investigated using electronic tagging data from eight species that resulted in >22,000 tracking days. Transnational movements of these highly mobile marine predators were pronounced with varying levels of bi- or tri-national...
Four major Holocene earthquakes on the Reelfoot fault recorded by sackungen in the New Madrid seismic zone, USA
Ryan D. Gold, Christopher DuRoss, Jaime E. Delano, Randall W. Jibson, Richard W. Briggs, Shannon A. Mahan, Robert Williams, D. Reide Corbett
2019, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (124) 3105-3126
Three sequences of well-documented, major ~M7+ earthquakes (1811-1812 CE, ~1450 CE, and ~900 CE) in the New Madrid seismic zone, USA, contribute significantly to seismic hazard in the region. However, it is unknown whether this <550 yr recurrence interval has been constant throughout the Holocene given limited geomorphic evidence of...
Economical environmental sampler designs for detecting airborne spread of fungi responsible for Rapid `Ōhi`a Death
Carter T. Atkinson, Kylle Roy, Carolina Granthon
2019, Hawai`i Cooperative Studies Unit Technical Report HCSU-TR087
We designed two new samplers for monitoring airborne particulates that rely on either natural wind currents (Passive Environmental Sampler) or a battery-operated fan (Active Environmental Sampler). Both samplers are significantly less expensive than commercial devices such as Rotorod® and Burkard Samplers that are used in the agricultural and health science...
Integration of social and ecological sciences for natural resource decision making: Challenges and opportunities
Angela K. Fuller, Kelly F. Robinson, Richard C. Stedman, William F. Siemer, Daniel J. Decker
2019, Environmental Management (63) 565-573
The last 25 years have witnessed growing recognition that natural resource management decisions depend as much on understanding humans and their social interactions as on understanding the interactions between non-human organisms and their environment. Decision science provides a framework for integrating ecological and social factors into a decision, but challenges...
Application of multistate modeling to estimate salmonid survival and movement in relation to spatial and temporal variation in metal exposure in a large mining-impacted river
Mariah P. Mayfield, Thomas E. McMahon, Jay J. Rotella, Robert E. Gresswell, Trevor M. Selch, Patrick Saffle, Jason Lindstrom, Brad Liermann
2019, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (76) 2057-2068
We used telemetry and multistate modeling to estimate survival and movement of brown trout Salmo trutta and westslope cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi in relation to dissolved copper concentrations in 189 km of the upper Clark Fork River, Montana, a mining-impacted river in western Montana. Annual survival estimates...
Habitat overlap of juvenile and adult lake trout of Great Bear Lake: Evidence for lack of a predation gradient?
Louise Chavarie, Kim L Howland, Les N. Harris, Michael J. Hansen, C P Gallagher, W J Harford, W M Tonn, Andrew M. Muir, Charles C. Krueger
2019, Ecology of Freshwater Fish (28) 485-498
A range of organisms, from plankton to fish, commonly shift their habitat distributions horizontally or vertically due to predation risk. Juvenile lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush, are generally viewed as occupying deep areas of lakes to decrease predation pressure from adults. In contrast, we found that juvenile lake trout from Great Bear...
Assessing the spawning ecology of fish in situ using a benthic pump sampler
Matthew R. Paufve, Suresh Sethi, Brian F. Lantry, Brian Weidel, Lars G. Rudstam
2019, Fisheries Research (214) 19-24
In situ observations of incubating fish eggs can identify spawning sites and spawning habitat preferences, informing the ecology of fishes with benthic eggs. Suction pumps have been used to sample benthic-incubating, non-adhesive fish eggs, yet their sampling efficiency is not well known....
