Recent and historic sediment dynamics along Difficult Run, a suburban Virginia Piedmont stream
Cliff R. Hupp, Gregory B. Noe, Edward R. Schenk, Adam J. Benthem
2012, Geomorphology (180-181)
Suspended sediment is one of the major concerns regarding the quality of water entering the Chesapeake Bay. Some of the highest suspended-sediment concentrations occur on Piedmont streams, including Difficult Run, a tributary of the Potomac River draining urban and suburban parts of northern Virginia. Accurate information on catchment level sediment...
Occurrence model for volcanogenic beryllium deposits
Nora K. Foley, Albert H. Hofstra, David A. Lindsey, Robert R. Seal II, Brian W. Jaskula, Nadine M. Piatak
2012, Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5070-F
Current global and domestic mineral resources of beryllium (Be) for industrial uses are dominated by ores produced from deposits of the volcanogenic Be type. Beryllium deposits of this type can form where hydrothermal fluids interact with fluorine and lithophile-element (uranium, thorium, rubidium, lithium, beryllium, cesium, tantalum, rare earth elements, and...
Density estimation in tiger populations: combining information for strong inference
Arjun M. Gopalaswamy, J. Andrew Royle, Mohan Delampady, James D. Nichols, K. Ullas Karanth, David W. Macdonald
2012, Ecology (93) 1741-1751
A productive way forward in studies of animal populations is to efficiently make use of all the information available, either as raw data or as published sources, on critical parameters of interest. In this study, we demonstrate two approaches to the use of multiple sources of information on a parameter...
Building on previous OSL dating techniques for gypsum: a case study from Salt Basin playa, New Mexico and Texas
Shannon Mahan, John Kay
2012, Quaternary Geochronology (10) 345-352
The long term stability and reliability of the luminescence signal for gypsum has not been well documented or systematically measured until just recently. A review of the current literature for luminescence dating of gypsum is compiled here along with original efforts at dating an intact and in-situ bed of selenite...
Do Daphnia use metalimnetic organic matter in a north temperate lake? An analysis of vertical migration
Chase Julian Brosseau, Timothy J. Cline, Jonathan J. Cole, James R. Hodgson, Michael L. Pace, Brian Weidel
2012, Inland Waters (2) 193-198
Diel vertical migration of zooplankton is influenced by a variety of factors including predation, food, and temperature. Research has recently shifted from a focus on factors influencing migration to how migration affects nutrient cycling and habitat coupling. Here we evaluate the potential for Daphnia migrations to incorporate metalimnetic productivity in...
Copper-nickel-rich, amalgamated ferromanganese crust-nodule deposits from Shatsky Rise, NW Pacific
J.R. Hein, T.A. Conrad, M. Frank, M. Christl, W.W. Sager
2012, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (13)
A unique set of ferromanganese crusts and nodules collected from Shatsky Rise (SR), NW Pacific, were analyzed for mineralogical and chemical compositions, and dated using Be isotopes and cobalt chronometry. The composition of these midlatitude, deep-water deposits is markedly different from northwest-equatorial Pacific (PCZ) crusts, where most studies have been...
The effects of feral cats on insular wildlife: the Club-Med syndrome
Steve C. Hess, Raymond M. Danner
R. M. Timm, editor(s)
2012, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference
Domestic cats have been introduced to many of the world‘s islands where they have been particularly devastating to insular wildlife which, in most cases, evolved in the absence of terrestrial predatory mammals and feline diseases. We review the effects of predation, feline diseases, and the life history characteristics of feral...
Foraging optimally for home ranges
Michael S. Mitchell, Roger A. Powell
2012, Journal of Mammalogy (93) 917-928
Economic models predict behavior of animals based on the presumption that natural selection has shaped behaviors important to an animal's fitness to maximize benefits over costs. Economic analyses have shown that territories of animals are structured by trade-offs between benefits gained from resources and costs of defending them. Intuitively, home...
A major light rare-earth element (LREE) resource in the Khanneshin carbonatite complex, southern Afghanistan
Robert D. Tucker, Harvey E. Belkin, Klaus J. Schulz, Stephen G. Peters, Forrest Horton, Kim Buttleman, Emily R. Scott
2012, Economic Geology (107) 197-208
The rapid rise in world demand for the rare-earth elements (REEs) has expanded the search for new REE resources. We document two types of light rare-earth element (LREE)-enriched rocks in the Khanneshin carbonatite complex of southern Afghanistan: type 1 concordant seams of khanneshite-(Ce), synchysite-(Ce), and parisite-(Ce) within banded barite-strontianite alvikite,...
Geologic processes influence the effects of mining on aquatic ecosystems
Travis S. Schmidt, William H. Clements, Richard B. Wanty, Philip L. Verplanck, Stan E. Church, Carma A. San Juan, David L. Fey, Barnaby W. Rockwell, Ed H. DeWitt, Terry L. Klein
2012, Ecological Applications (22) 870-879
Geologic processes strongly influence water and sediment quality in aquatic ecosystems but rarely are geologic principles incorporated into routine biomonitoring studies. We test if elevated concentrations of metals in water and sediment are restricted to streams downstream of mines or areas that may discharge mine wastes. We surveyed 198 catchments...
Alaska's rare earth deposits and resource potential
James C. Barker, Bradley S. Van Gosen
2012, Mining Engineering (64) 20-32
Alaska’s known mineral endowment includes some of the largest and highest grade deposits of various metals, including gold, copper and zinc. Recently, Alaska has also been active in the worldwide search for sources of rare earth elements (REE) to replace exports now being limitedby China. Driven by limited supply of...
Rare earths, the lanthanides, yttrium and scandium
G. Bedinger, D. Bleiwas
2012, Mining Engineering (64) 86-88
In 2011, rare earths were recovered from bastnasite concentrates at the Mountain Pass Mine in California. Consumption of refined rare-earth products decreased in 2011 from 2010. U.S. rare-earth imports originated primarily from China, with lesser amounts from Austria, Estonia, France and Japan. The United States imported all of its demand...
Relationship between mid-water trawling effort and catch composition uncertainty in two large lakes (Huron and Michigan) dominated by alosines, osmerids, and coregonines
David M. Warner, Randall M. Claramunt, Jeffrey S. Schaeffer, Daniel L. Yule, Tom R. Hrabik, Bernie Peintka, Lars G. Rudstam, Jeffrey D. Holuszko, Timothy P. O’Brien
2012, Fisheries Research (123-124) 62-69
Because it is not possible to identify species with echosounders alone, trawling is widely used as a method for collecting species and size composition data for allocating acoustic fish density estimates to species or size groups. In the Laurentian Great Lakes, data from midwater trawls are commonly used for such...
Habitat use and movement patterns of Northern Pintails during spring in northern Japan: the importance of agricultural lands
Noriyuki M. Yamaguchi, Jerry W. Hupp, Paul L. Flint, John M. Pearce, Yusuke Shigeta, Tetsuo Shimada, Emiko N. Hiraoka, Hiroyoshi Higuchi
2012, Journal of Field Ornithology (83) 141-153
From 2006 to 2009, we marked 198 Northern Pintails (Anas acuta) with satellite transmitters on their wintering areas in Japan to study their migration routes and habitat use in spring staging areas. We hypothesized that the distribution of pintails during spring staging was influenced by patterns of land use and...
Drought drove forest decline and dune building in eastern upper Michigan, USA, as the upper Great Lakes became closed basins
Walter L. Loope, Henry M. Loope, Ronald J. Goble, Timothy G. Fisher, David E. Lytle, Robert J. Legg, Douglas A. Wysocki, Paul R. Hanson, Aaron R. Young
2012, Geology (40) 315-318
Current models of landscape response to Holocene climate change in midcontinent North America largely reconcile Earth orbital and atmospheric climate forcing with pollen-based forest histories on the east and eolian chronologies in Great Plains grasslands on the west. However, thousands of sand dunes spread across 12,000 km2 in eastern upper...
Occupancy rates of primary burrowing crayfish in natural and disturbed large river bottomlands
Zachary J. Loughman, Stuart A. Welsh, Thomas P. Simon
2012, Journal of Crustacean Biology (32) 557-564
Among crayfish, primary burrowing species are the least understood ecologically. Many primary burrowing crayfish inhabit floodplains where forested landscapes have been fragmented by agricultural, industrial, or residential uses. In this study, site occupancy rates (ψ) were modeled for two primary burrowing crayfish, Fallicambarus fodiens (Cottle, 1863) and Cambarus thomai Jezerinac,...
Evaluation of listener-based anuran surveys with automated audio recording devices
A. F. Shearin, A.J.K. Calhoun, C.S. Loftin
2012, Wetlands (32) 737-751
Volunteer-based audio surveys are used to document long-term trends in anuran community composition and abundance. Current sampling protocols, however, are not region- or species-specific and may not detect relatively rare or audibly cryptic species. We used automated audio recording devices to record calling anurans during 2006–2009 at wetlands in Maine,...
Constraints on the timing of Co-Cu ± Au mineralization in the Blackbird district, Idaho, using SHRIMP U-Pb ages of monazite and xenotime plus zircon ages of related Mesoproterozoic orthogneisses and metasedimentary rocks
John N. Aleinikoff, John F. Slack, Karen Lund, Karl V. Evans, C. Mark Fanning, Frank K. Mazdab, Joseph L. Wooden, Renee M. Pillers
2012, Economic Geology (107) 1143-1175
The Blackbird district, east-central Idaho, contains the largest known Co reserves in the United States. The origin of strata-hosted Co-Cu ± Au mineralization at Blackbird has been a matter of controversy for decades. In order to differentiate among possible genetic models for the deposits, including various combinations of volcanic, sedimentary,...
Bedrock basins in the Sierra Nevada, Alta California
James G. Moore, Mary A. Gorden, Thomas W. Sisson
2012, California Archaeology (4) 99-122
A 360-km-long belt of more than 1,400 meter-sized granitic bedrock basins occurs at 1,200 to 2,500 m elevation on the west flank of the Sierra Nevada. The circular, smooth basins are 0.7 to 1.7 min diameter and are commonly 50 to 1,000 liters in volume. They are man-made as shown by their restricted...
The crustal magma storage system of Volcán Quizapu, Chile, and the effects of magma mixing on magma diversity
George W. Bergantz, Kari M. Cooper, Edward Hildreth, Phillipp Ruprecht
2012, Journal of Petrology (53) 801-840
Crystal zoning as well as temperature and pressure estimates from phenocryst phase equilibria are used to constrain the architecture of the intermediate-sized magmatic system (some tens of km3) of Volcán Quizapu, Chile, and to document the textural and compositional effects of magma mixing. In contrast to most arc magma systems,...
Establishment of sentinel sampling sites to monitor changes in water and sediment quality and biota related to visitor use at Lake Powell, Arizona and Utah, 2004-2006
Robert J. Hart, Howard E. Taylor, G.M. Anderson
2012, Open-File Report 2012-1237
Twenty sentinel sampling sites were established and sampled during 2004–06 at Lake Powell, Arizona and Utah, by the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Park Service—Glen Canyon National Recreation Area. The sentinel sampling sites provide sampling locations on Lake Powell, the Nation’s second largest reservoir that can be visited and...
Status of pelagic prey fishes in Lake Michigan, 2012
David M. Warner, Timothy P. O’Brien, Steven A. Farha, Randall M. Claramunt, Dale Hanson
2012, Report
Acoustic surveys were conducted in late summer/early fall during the years 1992-1996 and 2001-2012 to estimate pelagic prey fish biomass in Lake Michigan. Midwater trawling during the surveys as well as target strength provided a measure of species and size composition of the fish community for use in scaling acoustic...
Reversion to virulence and efficacy of an attenuated canarypox vaccine in Hawai'i 'Amakihi (Hemignathus Virens)
Carter T. Atkinson, Kimberly C. Wiegand, Dennis Triglia, Susan I. Jarvi
2012, Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine (Vol. 43) 808-819
Vaccines may be effective tools for protecting small populations of highly susceptible endangered, captive-reared, or translocated Hawaiian honeycreepers from introduced Avipoxvirus, but their efficacy has not been evaluated. An attenuated Canarypox vaccine that is genetically similar to one of two passerine Avipoxvirus isolates from Hawai‘i and distinct from Fowlpox was tested to evaluate...
Encroachment of oriental bittersweet into Pitcher’s thistle habitat
Stacey A. Leicht-Young, Noel B. Pavlovic
2012, Natural Areas Journal (32) 171-176
Common invasive species and rare endemic species can grow and interact at the ecotone between forested and non-forested dune habitats. To investigate these interactions, a comparison of the proximity and community associates of a sympatric invasive (Celastrus orbiculatus; oriental bittersweet) and native (C. scandens; American bittersweet) liana species to federally...
Fish population and habitat analysis in Buck Creek, Washington, prior to recolonization by anadromous salmonids after the removal of Condit Dam
M. Brady Allen, Jeanette Burkhardt, Carrie Munz, Patrick J. Connolly
2012, Open-File Report 2012-1270
We assessed the physical and biotic conditions in the part of Buck Creek, Washington, potentially accessible to anadromous fishes. This creek is a major tributary to the White Salmon River upstream of Condit Dam, which was breached in October 2011. Habitat and fish populations were characterized in four stream reaches....
