Global estimates of evapotranspiration and gross primary production based on MODIS and global meteorology data
W. Yuan, S. Liu, G. Yu, J.-M. Bonnefond, J. Chen, K. Davis, A.R. Desai, Allen H. Goldstein, D. Gianelle, F. Rossi, A.E. Suyker, S.B. Verma
2010, Remote Sensing of Environment (114) 1416-1431
The simulation of gross primary production (GPP) at various spatial and temporal scales remains a major challenge for quantifying the global carbon cycle. We developed a light use efficiency model, called EC-LUE, driven by only four variables: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), air temperature, and...
Computer algorithm for analyzing and processing borehole strainmeter data
John O. Langbein
2010, Computers & Geosciences (36) 611-619
The newly installed Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) strainmeters record signals from tectonic activity, Earth tides, and atmospheric pressure. Important information about tectonic processes may occur at amplitudes at and below tidal strains and pressure loading. If incorrect assumptions are made regarding the background noise in the strain data, then the...
Seismic imaging of a fractured gas hydrate system in the Krishna-Godavari Basin offshore India
M. Riedel, T. S. Collett, P. Kumar, A.V. Sathe, A. Cook
2010, Marine and Petroleum Geology (27) 1476-1493
Gas hydrate was discovered in the Krishna-Godavari (KG) Basin during the India National Gas Hydrate Program (NGHP) Expedition 1 at Site NGHP-01-10 within a fractured clay-dominated sedimentary system. Logging-while-drilling (LWD), coring, and wire-line logging confirmed gas hydrate dominantly in fractures at four borehole sites spanning a 500m transect. Three-dimensional (3D)...
Use of land surface remotely sensed satellite and airborne data for environmental exposure assessment in cancer research
S.K. Maxwell, J.R. Meliker, P. Goovaerts
2010, Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (20) 176-185
In recent years, geographic information systems (GIS) have increasingly been used for reconstructing individual-level exposures to environmental contaminants in epidemiological research. Remotely sensed data can be useful in creating space-time models of environmental measures. The primary advantage of using remotely sensed data is that it allows for study at the...
Quantifying data worth toward reducing predictive uncertainty
A.M. Dausman, J. Doherty, C.D. Langevin, M.C. Sukop
2010, Ground Water (48) 729-740
The present study demonstrates a methodology for optimization of environmental data acquisition. Based on the premise that the worth of data increases in proportion to its ability to reduce the uncertainty of key model predictions, the methodology can be used to compare the worth of different data types, gathered at...
Effect of imperfect detectability on adaptive and conventional sampling: Simulated sampling of freshwater mussels in the upper Mississippi River
D. R. Smith, B. R. Gray, T.J. Newton, D. Nichols
2010, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (170) 499-507
Adaptive sampling designs are recommended where, as is typical with freshwater mussels, the outcome of interest is rare and clustered. However, the performance of adaptive designs has not been investigated when outcomes are not only rare and clustered but also imperfectly detected. We address this combination of challenges using data...
Generation and emplacement of fine-grained ejecta in planetary impacts
R.R. Ghent, V. Gupta, B.A. Campbell, S.A. Ferguson, J.C.W. Brown, R.L. Fergason, L.M. Carter
2010, Icarus (209) 818-835
We report here on a survey of distal fine-grained ejecta deposits on the Moon, Mars, and Venus. On all three planets, fine-grained ejecta form circular haloes that extend beyond the continuous ejecta and other types of distal deposits such as run-out lobes or ramparts. Using Earth-based radar images, we find...
Large-scale laboratory testing of bedload-monitoring technologies: Overview of the StreamLab06 Experiments
Jeffrey D. G. Marr, John R. Gray, Broderick E. Davis, Chris Ellis, Sara Johnson
John R. Gray, Jonathan B. Laronne, Jeffrey D. G. Marr, editor(s)
2010, Book chapter, Bedload-surrogate monitoring technologies
A 3-month-long, large-scale flume experiment involving research and testing of selected conventional and surrogate bedload-monitoring technologies was conducted in the Main Channel at the St. Anthony Falls Laboratory under the auspices of the National Center for Earth-surface Dynamics. These experiments, dubbed StreamLab06, involved 25 researchers and volunteers from academia, government,...
Reactive transport modeling to study changes in water chemistry induced by CO2 injection at the Frio-I Brine Pilot
T. Xu, Y.K. Kharaka, C. Doughty, B.M. Freifeld, T.M. Daley
2010, Chemical Geology (271) 153-164
To demonstrate the potential for geologic storage of CO2 in saline aquifers, the Frio-I Brine Pilot was conducted, during which 1600 tons of CO2 were injected into a high-permeability sandstone and the resulting subsurface plume of CO2 was monitored using a variety of hydrogeological, geophysical, and geochemical techniques. Fluid samples...
Reclaimed mineland curve number response to temporal distribution of rainfall
R.C. Warner, C.T. Agouridis, P.T. Vingralek, A.W. Fogle
2010, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (46) 724-732
The curve number (CN) method is a common technique to estimate runoff volume, and it is widely used in coal mining operations such as those in the Appalachian region of Kentucky. However, very little CN data are available for watersheds disturbed by surface mining and then reclaimed using traditional techniques....
Sexing California gulls using morphometrics and discriminant function analysis
Garth Herring, Joshua T. Ackerman, Collin A. Eagles-Smith, John Y. Takekawa
2010, Waterbirds (33) 79-85
A discriminant function analysis (DFA) model was developed with DNA sex verification so that external morphology could be used to sex 203 adult California Gulls (Larus californicus) in San Francisco Bay (SFB). The best model was 97% accurate and included head-to-bill length, culmen depth at the gonys, and wing length....
Dynamics and spatio-temporal variability of environmental factors in Eastern Australia using functional principal component analysis
J.K. Szabo, E.M. Fedriani, M. M. Segovia-Gonzalez, L.B. Astheimer, M.J. Hooper
2010, Journal of Biological Systems (18) 763-785
This paper introduces a new technique in ecology to analyze spatial and temporal variability in environmental variables. By using simple statistics, we explore the relations between abiotic and biotic variables that influence animal distributions. However, spatial and temporal variability in rainfall, a key variable in ecological studies, can cause difficulties...
Coastal loading and transport of Escherichia coli at an embayed beach in Lake Michigan
Z. Ge, M.B. Nevers, D.J. Schwab, R.L. Whitman
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 6731-6737
A Chicago beach in southwest Lake Michigan was revisited to determine the influence of nearshore hydrodynamic effects on the variability of Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentration in both knee-deep and offshore waters. Explanatory variables that could be used for identifying potential bacteria loading mechanisms, such as bed shear stress due...
Structural analysis of three extensional detachment faults with data from the 2000 Space-Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
J.E. Spencer
2010, GSA Today (20) 4-10
The Space-Shuttle Radar Topography Mission provided geologists with a detailed digital elevation model of most of Earth's land surface. This new database is used here for structural analysis of grooved surfaces interpreted to be the exhumed footwalls of three active or recently active extensional detachment faults. Exhumed fault footwalls, each...
A methodology for ecosystem-scale modeling of selenium
Theresa S. Presser, Samuel N. Luoma
2010, Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management (6) 685-710
The main route of exposure for selenium (Se) is dietary, yet regulations lack biologically based protocols for evaluations of risk. We propose here an ecosystem-scale model that conceptualizes and quantifies the variables that determinehow Se is processed from water through diet to predators. This approach uses biogeochemical and physiological factors...
Liana habitat and host preferences in northern temperate forests
S. A. Leicht-Young, N.B. Pavlovic, K.J. Frohnapple, R. Grundel
2010, Forest Ecology and Management (260) 1467-1477
Lianas and other climbers are important ecological and structural components of forest communities. Like other plants, their abundance in a given habitat depends on a variety of factors, such as light, soil moisture and nutrients. However, since lianas require external support, host tree characteristics also influence their distribution. Lianas are...
Locating non-volcanic tremor along the San Andreas Fault using a multiple array source imaging technique
T. Ryberg, C.H. Haberland, G. S. Fuis, W.L. Ellsworth, D.R. Shelly
2010, Geophysical Journal International (183) 1485-1500
Non-volcanic tremor (NVT) has been observed at several subduction zones and at the San Andreas Fault (SAF). Tremor locations are commonly derived by cross-correlating envelope-transformed seismic traces in combination with source-scanning techniques. Recently, they have also been located by using relative relocations with master events, that is low-frequency earthquakes that...
Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: Average Daily Minimum Temperature, 2002
Michael Wieczorek, Andrew E. LaMotte
2010, Data Series 491-30
This tabular data set represents the average daily minimum temperature in Celsius multiplied by 100 for 2002, compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of selected Major River Basins (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data were the Near-Real-Time High-Resolution Monthly Average Maximum/Minimum Temperature for the Conterminous United States for 2002...
Geology and undiscovered oil and gas resources in the Madison Group, Williston Basin, North Dakota and Montana
Stephanie B. Gaswirth, Paul G. Lillis, Richard M. Pollastro, Lawrence O. Anna
2010, Mountain Geologist (47) 71-80
Two of the total petroleum systems (TPS) defined as part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) assessment of the Williston Basin contain Mississippian Madison Group strata: 1) the Bakken-Lodgepole TPS, which includes the Lodgepole Formation; and 2) the Madison TPS, which includes the Mission Canyon, Charles, and Spearfish formations. The...
The role of effective discharge in the ocean delivery of particulate organic carbon by small, mountainous river systems
R. A. Wheatcroft, M.A. Goni, J.A. Hatten, G.B. Pasternack, J.A. Warrick
2010, Limnology and Oceanography (55) 161-171
Recent research has shown that small, mountainous river systems (SMRS) account for a significant fraction of the global flux of sediment and particulate organic carbon (POC) to the ocean. The enormous number of SMRS precludes intensive studies of the sort conducted on large systems, necessitating development of a conceptual framework...
Migratory urge and gll Na+,K+-ATPase activity of hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon smolts from the Dennys and Penobscot River stocks, Maine
Randall C. Spencer, Joseph D. Zydlewski, Gayle B. Zydlewski
2010, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (139) 947-956
Hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts produced from captive-reared Dennys River and sea-run Penobscot River broodstock are released into their source rivers in Maine. The adult return rate of Dennys smolts is comparatively low, and disparity in smolt quality between stocks resulting from genetic or broodstock rearing effects is plausible. Smolt behavior...
Biological community structure on patch reefs in Biscayne National Park, FL, USA
Ilsa B. Kuffner, Rikki Grober-Dunsmore, John Brock, T. Don Hickey
2010, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (164) 513-531
Coral reef ecosystem management benefits from continual quantitative assessment of the resources being managed, plus assessment of factors that affect distribution patterns of organisms in the ecosystem. In this study, we investigate the relationships among physical, benthic, and fish variables in an effort to help explain the distribution patterns of...
Decadal-timescale estuarine geomorphic change under future scenarios of climate and sediment supply
N. K. Ganju, D. H. Schoellhamer
2010, Estuaries and Coasts (33) 15-29
Future estuarine geomorphic change, in response to climate change, sea-level rise, and watershed sediment supply, may govern ecological function, navigation, and water quality. We estimated geomorphic changes in Suisun Bay, CA, under four scenarios using a tidal-timescale hydrodynamic/sediment transport model. Computational expense and data needs were reduced using the morphological...
Seasonal groundwater contribution to crop-water use assessed with lysimeter observations and model simulations
Y. Luo, M. Sophocleous
2010, Journal of Hydrology (389) 325-335
Groundwater evaporation can play an important role in crop-water use where the water table is shallow. Lysimeters are often used to quantify the groundwater evaporation contribution influenced by a broad range of environmental factors. However, it is difficult for such field facilities, which are operated under limited conditions within limited...
Early observations on an emerging Great Lakes invader Hemimysis anomala in Lake Ontario
Maureen G. Walsh, Brian F. Lantry, Brent Boscarino, Kelly Bowen, Jocelyn Gerlofsma, Ted Schaner, Richard Back, Jennifer Questel, A. Garry Smythe, Roberta Cap, Michael Goehle, Bryan Young, Marc A. Chalupnicki, James H. Johnson, James E. McKenna
2010, Journal of Great Lakes Research (36) 499-504
Hemimysis anomala, a Ponto-Caspian littoral mysid, is an emerging Great Lakes invader that was discovered in Lakes Michigan and Ontario in 2006. Similar to the native mysid Mysis diluviana, Hemimysis exhibits a diel vertical migration pattern but generally inhabits shallower and warmer waters than M. diluviana. Because basic information on...
