From deposition to erosion: Spatial and temporal variability of sediment sources, storage, and transport in a small agricultural watershed
J.L. Florsheim, B.A. Pellerin, N.H. Oh, N. Ohara, P.A.M. Bachand, Sandra M. Bachand, B.A. Bergamaschi, P.J. Hernes, M.L. Kavvas
2011, Geomorphology (132) 272-286
The spatial and temporal variability of sediment sources, storage, and transport were investigated in a small agricultural watershed draining the Coast Ranges and Sacramento Valley in central California. Results of field, laboratory, and historical data analysis in the Willow Slough fluvial system document changes that transformed a transport-limited depositional system...
Estimating water supply arsenic levels in the New England bladder cancer study
J.R. Nuckols, Freeman L.E. Beane, J.H. Lubin, M.S. Airola, D. Baris, J. D. Ayotte, A. Taylor, C. Paulu, M.R. Karagas, J. Colt, M.H. Ward, A.-T. Huang, W. Bress, S. Cherala, D.T. Silverman, K.P. Cantor
2011, Environmental Health Perspectives (119) 1279-1285
Background: Ingestion of inorganic arsenic in drinking water is recognized as a cause of bladder cancer when levels are relatively high (≥ 150 µg/L). The epidemiologic evidence is less clear at the low-to-moderate concentrations typically observed in the United States. Accurate retrospective exposure assessment over a long time period is...
In vitro antioxidant activity of polysaccharide from Gardenia jasminoides ellis
Y. Fan, Z. Ge, A. Luo
2011, Journal of Medicinal Plant Research (5) 2963-2968
A water-soluble polysaccharide, GP, was isolated from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis through hot water extraction followed by ethanol precipitation. The in vitro free radicals scavenging tests exhibited that GP has significant scavenging abilities especially for ABTS, DPPH, and hydroxyl radicals, which suggests that the polysaccharide GP is a novel antioxidant....
Occurrence of azoxystrobin, propiconazole, and selected other fungicides in US streams, 2005-2006
William A. Battaglin, Mark W. Sandstrom, Kathryn Kuivila, Dana W. Kolpin, Michael T. Meyer
2011, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (218) 307-322
Fungicides are used to prevent foliar diseases on a wide range of vegetable, field, fruit, and ornamental crops. They are generally more effective as protective rather than curative treatments, and hence tend to be applied before infections take place. Less than 1% of US soybeans were treated with a fungicide...
Continuous salinity and temperature data from San Francisco estuary, 1982-2002: Trends and the salinity-freshwater inflow relationship
Gregory Shellenbarger, David H. Schoellhamer
2011, Journal of Coastal Research (27) 1191-1201
The U.S. Geological Survey and other federal and state agencies have been collecting continuous temperature and salinity data, two critical estuarine habitat variables, throughout San Francisco estuary for over two decades. Although this dynamic, highly variable system has been well studied, many questions remain relating to the effects of freshwater...
Cover sequences at the northern margin of the Antongil Craton, NE Madagascar
W. Bauer, G. J. Walsh, B. De Waele, Ronald J. Thomas, M. S. A. Horstwood, L. Bracciali, D. I. Schofield, U. Wollenberg, D. J. Lidke, I.T. Rasaona, M.H. Rabarimanana
2011, Precambrian Research (189) 292-312
The island of Madagascar is a collage of Precambrian, generally high-grade metamorphic basement domains, that are locally overlain by unmetamorphosed sedimentary rocks and poorly understood low-grade metasediments. In the Antalaha area of NE Madagascar, two distinct cover sequences rest on high-grade metamorphic and igneous basement rocks of the Archaean Antongil...
Expansion of tubenose gobies Proterorhinus semilunaris into western Lake Erie and potential effects on native species
P.M. Kocovsky, J.A. Tallman, D.J. Jude, D.M. Murphy, J.E. Brown, C.A. Stepien
2011, Biological Invasions (13) 2775-2784
The Eurasian freshwater tubenose goby Proterorhinus semilunaris (formerly Proterorhinus marmoratus) invaded the Laurentian Great Lakes in the 1990s, presumably via ballast water from transoceanic cargo ships. Tubenose gobies spread throughout Lake St. Clair, its tributaries, and the Detroit River system, and also are present in the Duluth-Superior harbor of Lake...
The Regionalization of National-Scale SPARROW Models for Stream Nutrients
Gregory E. Schwarz, Richard B. Alexander, Richard A. Smith, Stephen D. Preston
2011, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (47) 1151-1172
This analysis modifies the parsimonious specification of recently published total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) national‐scale SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes models to allow each model coefficient to vary geographically among three major river basins of the conterminous United States. Regionalization of the national models reduces the standard...
Defining conservation priorities for freshwater fishes according to taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity
A. L. Strecker, J. D. Olden, Joanna B. Whittier, Craig P. Paukert
2011, Ecological Applications (21) 3002-3013
To date, the predominant use of systematic conservation planning has been to evaluate and conserve areas of high terrestrial biodiversity. Although studies in freshwater ecosystems have received recent attention, research has rarely considered the potential trade-offs between protecting different dimensions of biodiversity and the ecological processes that maintain diversity. We...
Glacial influence on the geochemistry of riverine iron fluxes to the Gulf of Alaska and effects of deglaciation
A.W. Schroth, John Crusius, F. Chever, B.C. Bostick, O.J. Rouxel
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38)
Riverine iron (Fe) derived from glacial weathering is a critical micronutrient source to ecosystems of the Gulf of Alaska (GoA). Here we demonstrate that the source and chemical nature of riverine Fe input to the GoA could change dramatically due to the widespread watershed deglaciation that is underway. We examine...
Glacial flour dust storms in the Gulf of Alaska: hydrologic and meteorological controls and their importance as a source of bioavailable iron
John Crusius, A.W. Schroth, S. Gasso, C.M. Moy, R.C. Levy, M. Gatica
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38)
Iron is an essential micronutrient that limits primary productivity in much of the ocean, including the Gulf of Alaska (GoA). However, the processes that transport iron to the ocean surface are poorly quantified. We combine satellite and meteorological data to provide the first description of widespread dust transport from coastal...
Sediment dynamics and the burial and exhumation of bedrock reefs along an emergent coastline as elucidated by repetitive sonar surveys: Northern Monterey Bay, CA
C. D. Storlazzi, T.A. Fregoso, N.E. Golden, D.P. Finlayson
2011, Marine Geology (289) 46-59
Two high-resolution bathymetric and acoustic backscatter sonar surveys were conducted along the energetic emergent inner shelf of northern Monterey Bay, CA, USA, in the fall of 2005 and the spring of 2006 to determine the impact of winter storm waves, beach erosion, and river floods on biologically-important siliclastic bedrock reef...
Mysis diluviana population and cohort dynamics in Lake Ontario before and after the establishment of Dreissena spp., Cercopagis pengoi, and Bythotrephes longimanus
Ora E. Johannsson, Kelly L. Bowen, Kristen T. Holeck, Maureen G. Walsh
2011, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (68) 795-811
We investigated population responses of Mysis to ecosystem changes induced by invasion of dreissenids and predatory cladocerans, Cercopagis and Bythotrephes. Lake productivity declined as dreissenids invaded the offshore region. Whole-lake mysid biomass was compared before (early 1990s) and after (2002–2007) the invasion period; it declined 40%–45%. Abundance of young mysids...
Sources and Delivery of Nutrients to the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico from Streams in the South-Central United States
Richard A. Rebich, Natalie A. Houston, Scott V. Mize, Daniel Pearson, Patricia B. Ging, Hornig C. Evan
2011, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (47) 1061-1086
SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) models were developed to estimate nutrient inputs [total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP)] to the northwestern part of the Gulf of Mexico from streams in the South‐Central United States (U.S.). This area included drainages of the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas‐White‐Red, and Texas‐Gulf hydrologic...
Toxicity of methylmercury injected into eggs when dissolved in water versus corn oil
Gary H. Heinz, Daivd J. Hoffman, Jon D. Klimstra, Katherine R. Stebbins, Shannon L. Kondrad
2011, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (30) 2103-2106
In a previous study, the embryotoxicity of methylmercury dissolved in corn oil was compared among 26 species of birds. Corn oil is not soluble in the water‐based matrix that constitutes the albumen of an egg. To determine whether the use of corn oil limited the usefulness of this earlier study,...
Increased fitness of rice plants to abiotic stress via habitat adapted symbiosis: A strategy for mitigating impacts of climate change
R. S. Redman, Y.-O. Kim, C.J.D.A. Woodward, C. Greer, L. Espino, S.L. Doty, R. J. Rodriguez
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
Climate change and catastrophic events have contributed to rice shortages in several regions due to decreased water availability and soil salinization. Although not adapted to salt or drought stress, two commercial rice varieties achieved tolerance to these stresses by colonizing them with Class 2 fungal endophytes isolated from plants growing...
U.S. Geological Survey circum-arctic resource appraisal
D. L. Gautier
2011, Conference Paper, Society of Petroleum Engineers - Arctic Technology Conference 2011
Among the greatest uncertainties in future energy supply is the amount of oil and gas yet to be found in the Arctic. Using a probabilistic geology-based methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey has assessed the area north of the Arctic Circle. The Circum-Arctic Resource Appraisal (CARA) consists of three parts: (1)...
Growth rates of rainbow smelt in Lake Champlain: Effects of density and diet
Thomson J.L. Stritzel, D.L. Parrish, S. L. Parker-Stetter, L. G. Rudstam, P.J. Sullivan
2011, Ecology of Freshwater Fish (20) 503-512
We estimated the densities of rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) using hydroacoustics and obtained specimens for diet analysis and groundtruthed acoustics data from mid‐water trawl sampling in four areas of Lake Champlain, USA–Canada. Densities of rainbow smelt cohorts alternated during the 2‐year study; age‐0 rainbow smelt were very abundant in 2001...
Projecting avian response to linked changes in groundwater and riparian floodplain vegetation along a dryland river: A scenario analysis
Brand L. Arriana, J.C. Stromberg, D.C. Goodrich, M.D. Dixon, K. Lansey, D. Kang, D.S. Brookshire, D.J. Cerasale
2011, Ecohydrology (4) 130-142
Groundwater is a key driver of riparian condition on dryland rivers but is in high demand for municipal, industrial, and agricultural uses. Approaches are needed to guide decisions that balance human water needs while conserving riparian ecosystems. We developed a space‐for‐time substitution model that links groundwater change scenarios implemented within...
Simultaneous speciation of arsenic, selenium, and chromium: Species stability, sample preservation, and analysis of ash and soil leachates
R.E. Wolf, S.A. Morman, P. L. Hageman, T.M. Hoefen, G.S. Plumlee
2011, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry (401) 2733-2745
An analytical method using high-performance liquid chromatography separation with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection previously developed for the determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) has been adapted to allow the determination of As(III), As(V), Se(IV), Se(VI), Cr(III), and Cr(VI) under the same chromatographic conditions. Using this method, all six...
Algal bioassessment metrics for wadeable streams and rivers of Maine, USA
Thomas J. Danielson, Cynthia S. Loftin, Leonidas Tsomides, Jeanne L. DiFranco, Beth Connors
2011, Freshwater Science (30) 1033-1048
Many state water-quality agencies use biological assessment methods based on lotic fish and macroinvertebrate communities, but relatively few states have incorporated algal multimetric indices into monitoring programs. Algae are good indicators for monitoring water quality because they are sensitive to many environmental stressors. We evaluated benthic algal community attributes along...
A distribution-based parameterization for improved tomographic imaging of solute plumes
Adam Pidlisecky, K. Singha, F. D. Day-Lewis
2011, Geophysical Journal International (187) 214-224
Difference geophysical tomography (e.g. radar, resistivity and seismic) is used increasingly for imaging fluid flow and mass transport associated with natural and engineered hydrologic phenomena, including tracer experiments, in situ remediation and aquifer storage and recovery. Tomographic data are collected over time, inverted and differenced against a background image to produce ‘snapshots’...
Potential effects of alpha-recoil on uranium-series dating of calcrete
L.A. Neymark
2011, Chemical Geology (282) 98-112
Evaluation of paleosol ages in the vicinity of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, at the time the site of a proposed high-level nuclear waste repository, is important for fault-displacement hazard assessment. Uranium-series isotope data were obtained for surface and subsurface calcrete samples from trenches and boreholes in Midway Valley, Nevada, adjacent to...
Semi-quantitative evaluation of fecal contamination potential by human and ruminant sources using multiple lines of evidence
D. M. Stoeckel, Erin A. Stelzer, Stogner, David P. Mau
2011, Water Research (45) 3225-3244
Protocols for microbial source tracking of fecal contamination generally are able to identify when a source of contamination is present, but thus far have been unable to evaluate what portion of fecal-indicator bacteria (FIB) came from various sources. A mathematical approach to estimate relative amounts of FIB, such as Escherichia coli,...
Rethinking hyporheic flow and transient storage to advance understanding of stream-catchment connections
Kenneth E. Bencala, M.N. Gooseff, Briant A. Kimball
2011, Water Resources Research (47)
Although surface water and groundwater are increasingly referred to as one resource, there remain environmental and ecosystem needs to study the 10 m to 1 km reach scale as one hydrologic system. Streams gain and lose water over a range of spatial and temporal scales. Large spatial scales (kilometers) have...
