SHRIMP U-Pb ages of xenotime and monazite from the Spar Lake red bed-associated Cu-Ag deposit, western Montana: Implications for ore genesis
John N. Aleinikoff, Timothy S. Hayes, Karl V. Evans, Frank K. Mazdab, Renee M. Pillers, C. Mark Fanning
2012, Economic Geology (107) 1251-1274
Xenotime occurs as epitaxial overgrowths on detrital zircons in the Mesoproterozoic Revett Formation (Belt Supergroup) at the Spar Lake red bed-associated Cu-Ag deposit, western Montana. The deposit formed during diagenesis of Revett strata, where oxidizing metal-bearing hydrothermal fluids encountered a reducing zone. Samples for geochronology were collected from several mineral...
Strata-bound Fe-Co-Cu-Au-Bi-Y-REE deposits of the Idaho Cobalt Belt: Multistage hydrothermal mineralization in a magmatic-related iron oxide copper-gold system
John F. Slack
2012, Economic Geology (107) 1089-1113
Mineralogical and geochemical studies of strata-bound Fe-Co-Cu-Au-Bi-Y-rare-earth element (REE) deposits of the Idaho cobalt belt in east-central Idaho provide evidence of multistage epigenetic mineralization by magmatic-hydrothermal processes in an iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG) system. Deposits of the Idaho cobalt belt comprise three types: (1) strata-bound sulfide lenses in the...
Nest defense- Grassland bird responses to snakes
Kevin S. Ellison, Christine Ribic
2012, Studies in Avian Biology (43) 149-159
Predation is the primary source of nest mortality for most passerines; thus, behaviors to reduce the impacts of predation are frequently quantified to study learning, adaptation, and coevolution among predator and prey species. Video surveillance of nests has made it possible to examine real-time parental nest defense. During 1999-2009, we...
Notes on interpretation of geophysical data over areas of mineralization in Afghanistan
Benjamin J. Drenth
2011, Open-File Report 2011-1258
Afghanistan has the potential to contain substantial metallic mineral resources. Although valuable mineral deposits have been identified, much of the country’s potential remains unknown. Geophysical surveys, particularly those conducted from airborne platforms, are a well-accepted and cost-effective method for obtaining information on the geological setting of a given area. This...
Mineral resource of the month: tantalum
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
2011, Earth (56) 25-25
The article offers information on a rare transition metal called tantalum. It says that the blue-gray mineral resource was discovered in 1801 or 1802 and was used for capacitors in 1940. It adds that the tantalite ore and other minerals in the ore should be separated in order to generate...
Observations of debris flows at Chalk Cliffs, Colorado, USA: Part 2, changes in surface morphometry from terrestrial laser scanning in the summer of 2009
Dennis M. Staley, Thad A. Wasklewicz, Jeffrey A. Coe, Jason W. Kean, Scott W. McCoy, Greg E. Tucker
2011, Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment 759-768
High resolution topographic data that quantify changes in channel form caused by sequential debris flows in natural channels are rare at the reach scale. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) techniques are utilized to capture morphological changes brought about by a high-frequency of debris-flow events at Chalk Cliffs, Colorado. The purpose of...
Mineral resource of the month: rare earth elements
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
2011, Earth (56) 24-25
The article provides information on rare earth elements, which are group of 17 natural metallic elements. The rare earth elements are scandium, yttrium and lanthanides and classified into light rare earth elements (LREE) and heavy rate earth elements (HREE). The principal ores of the rare earth elements are identified. An...
Factors governing risk of cougar attacks on humans
David Mattson, Kenneth Logan, Linda Sweanor
2011, Human-Wildlife Interactions (5) 135-158
Since the 1980s wildlife managers in the United States and Canada have expressed increasing concern about the physical threat posed by cougars (Puma concolor) to humans. We developed a conceptual framework and analyzed 386 human– cougar encounters (29 fatal attacks, 171 instances of nonfatal contact, and 186 close-threatening encounters) to provide...
Multi-species attributes as the condition for adaptive sampling of rare species using two-stage sequential sampling with an auxiliary variable
B. Panahbehagh, D. R. Smith, M.M. Salehi, D.J. Hornbach, D.J. Brown
F. Chan, D. Marinova, R.S. Anderssen, editor(s)
2011, Conference Paper, MODSIM2011, 19th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2011
Assessing populations of rare species is challenging because of the large effort required to locate patches of occupied habitat and achieve precise estimates of density and abundance. The presence of a rare species has been shown to be correlated with presence or abundance of more common species. Thus, ecological community...
Seasonal flows on warm Martian slopes
Alfred S. McEwen, Lujendra Ojha, Colin M. Dundas, Sarah S. Mattson, Shane Byrne, James J. Wray, Selby C. Cull, Scott L. Murchie, Nicolas Thomas, Virginia C. Gulick
2011, Science (333) 740-743
Water probably flowed across ancient Mars, but whether it ever exists as a liquid on the surface today remains debatable. Recurring slope lineae (RSL) are narrow (0.5 to 5 meters), relatively dark markings on steep (25° to 40°) slopes; repeat images from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter High Resolution Imaging Science...
Discontinuous hindcast simulations of estuarine bathymetric change: A case study from Suisun Bay, California
Neil K. Ganju, Bruce E. Jaffe, David H. Schoellhamer
2011, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (93) 142-150
Simulations of estuarine bathymetric change over decadal timescales require methods for idealization and reduction of forcing data and boundary conditions. Continuous simulations are hampered by computational and data limitations and results are rarely evaluated with observed bathymetric change data. Bathymetric change data for Suisun Bay, California span the 1867–1990 period...
Wind Turbines as Landscape Impediments to the Migratory Connectivity of Bats
Paul M. Cryan
2011, Environmental Law (41) 355-370
Unprecedented numbers of migratory bats are found dead beneath industrial-scale wind turbines during late summer and autumn in both North America and Europe. Prior to the wide-scale deployment of wind turbines, fatal collisions of migratory bats with anthropogenic structures were rarely reported and likely occurred very infrequently. There are no...
Use of spatial capture-recapture modeling and DNA data to estimate densities of elusive animals
Marc Kery, Beth Gardner, Tabea Stoeckle, Darius Weber, J. Andrew Royle
2011, Conservation Biology (25) 356-364
Assessment of abundance, survival, recruitment rates, and density (i.e., population assessment) is especially challenging for elusive species most in need of protection (e.g., rare carnivores). Individual identification methods, such as DNA sampling, provide ways of studying such species efficiently and noninvasively. Additionally, statistical methods that correct for undetected animals and...
Use of recent and historical records to estimate status and trends of a rare and imperiled stream fish, Percina jenkinsi (Percidae)
Megan M. Hagler, Mary Freeman, Seth J. Wenger, Byron J. Freeman, Patrick L. Rakes, J.R. Shute
2011, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (68) 739-748
Rarely encountered animals may be present but undetected, potentially leading to incorrect assumptions about the persistence of a local population or the conservation priority of a particular area. The federally endangered and narrowly endemic Conasauga logperch (Percina jenkinsi) is a good example of a rarely encountered fish species of conservation...
Diet overlap of top-level predators in recent sympatry: bull trout and nonnative lake trout
Christopher S. Guy, Thomas E. McMahon, Wade A. Fredenberg, Clinton J. Smith, David W. Garfield, Benjamin S. Cox
2011, Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management (2) 183-189
The establishment of nonnative lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in lakes containing lacustrine–adfluvial bull trout Salvelinus confluentus often results in a precipitous decline in bull trout abundance. The exact mechanism for the decline is unknown, but one hypothesis is related to competitive exclusion for prey resources. We had the rare opportunity...
Vagrant western red-shouldered hawks: origins, natal dispersal patterns, and survival
Peter H. Bloom, J. Michael Scott, Joseph M. Papp, Scott E. Thomas, Jeff W. Kidd
2011, The Condor (113) 538-546
We report the results of a 40-year study of the western Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus elegans) involving the banding of 2742 nestlings in southern California from 1970 to 2009 (this study) plus 127 nestlings banded in other California studies (1956–2008) and the analyses of 119 records of subsequent recovery from...
Persistence of the longnose darter (P. nasuta) in Lee Creek, Oklahoma
Michael R. Gatlin, James M. Long
2011, Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science (91) 11-14
The longnose darter Percina nasuta (Bailey) is one of Oklahoma’s rarest fish species (1) and is listed by the state as endangered. Throughout the rest of its range, which includes Missouri, Arkansas and the far eastern portion of Oklahoma, the longnose darter is classified as “rare” or “threatened” (2, 3,...
Aeromagnetic anomalies over faulted strata
V. J. S. Grauch, Mark R. Hudson
2011, The Leading Edge (30) 1242-1252
High-resolution aeromagnetic surveys are now an industry standard and they commonly detect anomalies that are attributed to faults within sedimentary basins. However, detailed studies identifying geologic sources of magnetic anomalies in sedimentary environments are rare in the literature. Opportunities to study these sources have come from well-exposed sedimentary basins of...
Nine endangered taxa, one recovering ecosystem: Identifying common ground for recovery on Santa Cruz Island, California
A. Kathryn McEachern, Dieter H. Wilken
2011, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the CNPS Conservation Conference, 17-19 Jan 2009
It is not uncommon to have several rare and listed taxa occupying habitats in one landscape or management area where conservation amounts to defense against the possibility of further loss. It is uncommon and extremely exciting, however, to have several listed taxa occupying one island that is managed cooperatively for...
The 25 October 2010 Mentawai tsunami earthquake, from real-time discriminants, finite-fault rupture, and tsunami excitation
Andrew V. Newman, Gavin P. Hayes, Yong Wei, Jaime Convers
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38)
The moment magnitude 7.8 earthquake that struck offshore the Mentawai islands in western Indonesia on 25 October 2010 created a locally large tsunami that caused more than 400 human causalities. We identify this earthquake as a rare slow‐source tsunami earthquake based on: 1) disproportionately large tsunami waves; 2) excessive...
Rare and endangered species of Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park; endangered, threatened, and rare animal, plant, and community handbook
Linda W. Pratt, Thane K. Pratt, David Foote, P. Marcos Gorresen
2011, Technical Report HCSU-025
Introduction Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park (HAVO) is the largest area in the State of Hawai`i protected for its geology and landscapes and its native flora and fauna. The park covers approximately 135,000 hectares or 333,000 acres in all. These lands stretch from the seacoast of Kīlauea Volcano to far above timberline...
Risk assessment, eradication, and biological control: Global efforts to limit Australian acacia invasions
John R.U. Wilson, Carla Gairifo, Michelle R. Gibson, Margarita Arianoutsou, Baki B. Bakar, Stephane Baret, Laura Celesti-Grapow, Joseph M. DiTomaso, Jean-Marc Dufour-Dror, Christoph Kueffer, Christian A. Kull, John H. Hoffman, Fiona A.C. Impson, Lloyd L. Loope, Elizabete Marchante, Helia Harchante, Joslin L. Moore, Daniel J. Murphy, Jacques Tassin, Arne Witt, Rafael D. Zenni, David M. Richardson
2011, Diversity and Distributions (17) 1030-1046
Aim Many Australian Acacia species have been planted around the world, some are highly valued, some are invasive, and some are both highly valued and invasive. We review global efforts to minimize the risk and limit the impact of invasions in this widely used plant group.Location Global.Methods Using information from literature sources, knowledge and experience...
Monitoring to assess progress toward meeting the Assabet River, Massachusetts, phosphorus total maximum daily load - Aquatic macrophyte biomass and sediment-phosphorus flux
Marc J. Zimmerman, Yu Qian, Tian Yong Q.
2011, Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5179
In 2004, the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for Total Phosphorus in the Assabet River, Massachusetts, was approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The goal of the TMDL was to decrease the concentrations of the nutrient phosphorus to mitigate some of the instream ecological effects of eutrophication on the...
Seroepidemiology of TmPV1 infection in captive and wild Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris)
Maria Gabriella Dona, Manuela Rehtanz, Nicole M. Adimey, Gregory D. Bossart, Alfred B. Jenson, Robert K. Bonde, Shin-je Ghim
2011, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (47) 673-684
In 1997, cutaneous papillomatosis caused by Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris [Tm]) papillomavirus 1 (TmPV1) was detected in seven captive manatees at the Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park, Florida, USA, and, subsequently, in two wild manatees from the adjacent Homosassa River. Since then, papillomatosis has been reported in captive manatees...
Defining conservation priorities for freshwater fishes according to taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity
Angela L. Strecker, Julian D. Olden, Joanna B. Whittier, Craig P. Paukert
2011, Ecological Applications (21) 3002-3013
To date, the predominant use of systematic conservation planning has been to evaluate and conserve areas of high terrestrial biodiversity. Although studies in freshwater ecosystems have received recent attention, research has rarely considered the potential trade-offs between protecting different dimensions of biodiversity and the ecological processes that maintain diversity. We...
