Paleomagnetism and environmental magnetism of GLAD800 sediment cores from Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho
C.W. Heil Jr., J.W. King, J. G. Rosenbaum, R. L. Reynolds, Steven M. Colman
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 291-310
A ???220,000-year record recovered in a 120-m-long sediment core from Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho, provides an opportunity to reconstruct climate change in the Great Basin and compare it with global climate records. Paleomagnetic data exhibit a geomagnetic feature that possibly occurred during the Laschamp excursion (ca. 40 ka). Although...
Local-scale variability of seepage and hydraulic conductivity in a shallow gravel-bed river
D.O. Rosenberry, J. Pitlick
2009, Hydrological Processes (23) 3306-3318
Seepage rate and direction measured with a seepage metre modified for use in flowing water were greatly variable along a 300-m reach of a shallow, gravel-bed river and depended primarily on the local-scale bed topography. The median value of seepage measured at 24 locations was 24 cm/day, but seepage measured...
Accumulation of iron and arsenic in the Chandina alluvium of the lower delta plain, Southeastern Bangladesh
A. Zahid, M.Q. Hassan, G. N. Breit, K.-D. Balke, M. Flegr
2009, Environmental Geochemistry and Health (31) 69-84
Accumulations of iron, manganese, and arsenic occur in the Chandina alluvium of southeastern Bangladesh within 2.5 m of the ground surface. These distinctive orange-brown horizons are subhorizontal and consistently occur within 1 m of the contact of the aerated (yellow-brown) and water-saturated (gray) sediment. Ferric oxyhydroxide precipitates that define the...
Dispersal of river sediment in the Southern California Bight
J.A. Warrick, K.L. Farnsworth
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 53-67
The rivers of Southern California deliver episodic pulses of water, sediment, nutrients, and pollutants to the region's coastal waters. Although river-sediment dispersal is observed in positively buoyant (hypopycnal) turbid plumes extending tens of kilometers from river mouths, very little of the river sediment is found in these plumes. Rather, river...
Environmental influences on speleothem growth in southwestern Oregon during the last 380, 000 years
Vasile Ersek, Steven W. Hostetler, Hai Cheng, Peter U. Clark, Faron S. Anslow, Alan C. Mix, R. Lawrence Edwards
2009, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (279) 316-325
The growth of carbonate formations in caves (speleothems) is sensitive to changes in environmental conditions at the surface (temperature, precipitation and vegetation) and can provide useful paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental information. We use 73 230Th dates from speleothems collected from a cave in southwestern Oregon (USA) to constrain speleothem growth for...
Storm clouds on Saturn: Lightning-induced chemistry and associated materials consistent with Cassini/VIMS spectra
K. H. Baines, M.L. Delitsky, T.W. Momary, R. H. Brown, B. J. Buratti, R. N. Clark, P. D. Nicholson
2009, Planetary and Space Science (57) 1650-1658
Thunderstorm activity on Saturn is associated with optically detectable clouds that are atypically dark throughout the near-infrared. As observed by Cassini/VIMS, these clouds are ~20% less reflective than typical neighboring clouds throughout the spectral range from 0.8 ??m to at least 4.1 ??m. We propose that active thunderstorms originating in...
The role of reaction affinity and secondary minerals in regulating chemical weathering rates at the Santa Cruz Soil Chronosequence, California
K. Maher, Carl Steefel, A. F. White, David A. Stonestrom
2009, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (73) 2804-2831
In order to explore the reasons for the apparent discrepancy between laboratory and field weathering rates and to determine the extent to which weathering rates are controlled by the approach to thermodynamic equilibrium, secondary mineral precipitation, and flow rates, a multicomponent reactive transport model (CrunchFlow) was used to interpret soil...
Environmental forcing on life history strategies: Evidence for multi-trophic level responses at ocean basin scales
Robert M. Suryan, Vincent S. Saba, Bryan P. Wallace, Scott A. Hatch, Morten Frederiksen, Sarah Wanless
2009, Progress in Oceanography (81) 214-222
Variation in life history traits of organisms is thought to reflect adaptations to environmental forcing occurring from bottom-up and top-down processes. Such variation occurs not only among, but also within species, indicating demographic plasticity in response to environmental conditions. From a broad literature review, we present evidence for ocean basin-...
Threatened fishes of the world: Moapa coriacea Hubbs and Miller, 1948 (cyprinidae)
G.G. Scoppettone, S. Goodchild
2009, Environmental Biology of Fishes (86) 339-340
Moapa dace. Conservation status: Endangered (U.S. Department of the Interior 1967), Critically Endangered, IUCN (Gimenez 1996). Identification: Small embedded scales, narrow caudal peduncle and a bright black spot at the base of deeply forked tail. Pharyngeal...
Catastrophically buried middle Pennsylvanian sigillaria and calamitean sphenopsids from Indiana, USA: What kind of vegetation was this?
William A. DiMichele, W.J. Nelson, S. Elrick, P.R. Ames
2009, Palaios (24) 159-166
A catastrophically buried stand of calamitean sphenopsids and sigillarian lycopsids is reported from the Middle Pennsylvanian of southwestern Indiana, in the Illinois Basin. The plants were exposed in the highwall of a small surface mine and were rooted in a thin bed of coal (peat), thus representing a flooded and...
Diet and body mass of wintering ducks in adjacent brackish and freshwater habitats
M. R. Miller, E.G. Burns, B.E. Wickland, J.M. Eadie
2009, Waterbirds (32) 374-387
Field-collected and hunter-donated ducks obtained during September-January of 1997-98 and 1998-99 were used to determine if food habits and body mass of Northern Pintails (Anas acuta) and Mallards (A. platyrhynchos) wintering in Suisun Marsh (Suisun), California, a managed estuarine brackish marsh, differed from values in the adjacent Sacramento-San Joaquin River...
Predator avoidance performance of larval fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) following short-term exposure to estrogen mixtures
M.R. McGee, M.L. Julius, A.M. Vajda, D.O. Norris, L. B. Barber, H.L. Schoenfuss
2009, Aquatic Toxicology (91) 355-361
Aquatic organisms exposed to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) at early life-stages may have reduced reproductive fitness via disruption of reproductive and non-reproductive behavioral and physiological pathways. Survival to reproductive age relies upon optimal non-reproductive trait expression, such as adequate predator avoidance responses, which may be impacted through EDC exposure. During...
Soil amendment effects on the exotic annual grass Bromus tectorum L. and facilitation of its growth by the native perennial grass Hilaria jamesii (Torr.) Benth
J. Belnap, S. K. Sherrod
2009, Plant Ecology (201) 709-721
Greenhouse experiments were undertaken to identify soil factors that curtail growth of the exotic annual grass Bromus tectorum L. (cheatgrass) without significantly inhibiting growth of native perennial grasses (here represented by Hilaria jamesii [Torr.] Benth). We grew B. tectorum and H. jamesii alone (monoculture pots) and together (combination pots) in...
Recolonization of gravel habitats on Georges Bank (northwest Atlantic)
Jeremy S. Collie, Jerome M. Hermsen, Page C. Valentine
2009, Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography (56) 1847-1855
Gravel habitats on continental shelves around the world support productive fisheries but are also vulnerable to disturbance from bottom fishing. We conducted a 2-year in situ experiment to measure the rate of colonization of a gravel habitat on northern Georges Bank in an area closed to fishing (Closed Area II)...
Coral disease following massive bleaching in 2005 causes 60% decline in coral cover on reefs in the US Virgin Islands
J. Miller, E. Muller, C. Rogers, R. Waara, A. Atkinson, K.R.T. Whelan, M. Patterson, B. Witcher
2009, Coral Reefs (28) 925-937
In the northeast Caribbean, doldrum-like conditions combined with elevated water temperatures in the summer/fall 2005 created the most severe coral bleaching event ever documented within this region. Video monitoring of 100 randomly chosen, permanent transects at five study sites in the US Virgin Islands revealed over 90% of the scleractinian...
Atmospheric correction at AERONET locations: A new science and validation data set
Y. Wang, A.I. Lyapustin, J.L. Privette, J.T. Morisette, B. Holben
2009, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (47) 2450-2466
This paper describes an Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET)-based Surface Reflectance Validation Network (ASRVN) and its data set of spectral surface bidirectional reflectance and albedo based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) TERRA and AQUA data. The ASRVN is an operational data collection and processing system. It receives 50 ?? 50...
Use of airborne and terrestrial lidar to detect ground displacement hazards to water systems
J.P. Stewart, Jiawen Hu, R. E. Kayen, A.J. Lembo Jr., B.D. Collins, C.A. Davis, T. D. O’Rourke
2009, Journal of Surveying Engineering (135) 113-124
We investigate the use of multiepoch airborne and terrestrial lidar to detect and measure ground displacements of sufficient magnitude to damage buried pipelines and other water system facilities that might result, for example, from earthquake or rainfall-induced landslides. Lidar scans are performed at three sites with coincident measurements by total...
Assigning land use to supply wells for the statistical characterization of regional groundwater quality: Correlating urban land use and VOC occurrence
T.D. Johnson, K. Belitz
2009, Journal of Hydrology (370) 100-108
Many national and regional groundwater studies have correlated land use "near" a well, often using a 500 m radius circle, with water quality. However, the use of a 500 m circle may seem counterintuitive given that contributing areas are expected to extend up-gradient from wells, and not be circular in...
Mercury isotopic composition of hydrothermal systems in the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field and Guaymas Basin sea-floor rift
L.S. Sherman, J.D. Blum, D. Kirk Nordstrom, R. Blaine McCleskey, T. Barkay, C. Vetriani
2009, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (279) 86-96
To characterize mercury (Hg) isotopes and isotopic fractionation in hydrothermal systems we analyzed fluid and precipitate samples from hot springs in the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field and vent chimney samples from the Guaymas Basin sea-floor rift. These samples provide an initial indication of the variability in Hg isotopic composition among...
High precision relocation of earthquakes at Iliamna Volcano, Alaska
P. Statz-Boyer, C. Thurber, J.D. Pesicek, S. Prejean
2009, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (184) 323-332
In August 1996, a period of elevated seismicity commenced beneath Iliamna Volcano, Alaska. This activity lasted until early 1997, consisted of over 3000 earthquakes, and was accompanied by elevated emissions of volcanic gases. No eruption occurred and seismicity returned to background levels where it has remained since. We use waveform...
Structural and geochemical characteristics of faulted sediments and inferences on the role of water in deformatiion, Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico
Jonathan S. Caine, S.A. Minor
2009, Geological Society of America Bulletin (121) 1325-1340
The San Ysidro fault is a spectacularly exposed normal fault located in the northwestern Albuquerque Basin of the Rio Grande Rift. This intrabasin fault is representative of many faults that formed in poorly lithified sediments throughout the rift. The fault is exposed over nearly 10 km and accommodates nearly 700...
Continental-scale patterns in soil geochemistry and mineralogy: results from two transects across the United States and Canada
L. G. Woodruff, W.F. Cannon, D. D. Eberl, D. B. Smith, J.E. Kilburn, J.D. Horton, R. G. Garrett, R.A. Klassen
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1369-1381
In 2004, the US Geological Survey (USGS) and the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) initiated a pilot study that involved collection of more than 1500 soil samples from 221 sites along two continental transects across Canada and the United States. The pilot study was designed to test and refine protocols...
Contrasting residence times and fluxes of water and sulfate in two small forested watersheds in Virginia, USA
J.K. Böhlke, R. L. Michel
2009, Science of the Total Environment (407) 4363-4377
Watershed mass balances for solutes of atmospheric origin may be complicated by the residence times of water and solutes at various time scales. In two small forested headwater catchments in the Appalachian Mountains of Virginia, USA, mean annual export rates of SO4= differ by a factor of 2, and seasonal variations...
Arctic lake physical processes and regimes with implications for winter water availability and management in the national petroleum reserve alaska
Benjamin M. Jones, C.D. Arp, Kenneth M. Hinkel, R.A. Beck, Joel A. Schmutz, B. Winston
2009, Environmental Management (43) 1071-1084
Lakes are dominant landforms in the National Petroleum Reserve Alaska (NPRA) as well as important social and ecological resources. Of recent importance is the management of these freshwater ecosystems because lakes deeper than maximum ice thickness provide an important and often sole source of liquid water for aquatic biota, villages,...
Delta lobe degradation and hurricane impacts governing large-scale coastal behavior, South-central Louisiana, USA
M.D. Miner, M.A. Kulp, D. M. FitzGerald, J. G. Flocks, H.D. Weathers
2009, Geo-Marine Letters (29) 441-453
A large deficit in the coastal sediment budget, high rates of relative sea-level rise (???0.9 cm/year), and storm-induced current and wave erosion are forcing barrier shoreface retreat along the periphery of the Mississippi River delta plain. Additionally, conversion of interior wetlands to open water has increased the bay tidal prism,...
