Malassezia vespertilionis sp. nov.: A new cold-tolerant species of yeast isolated from bats
Jeffrey M. Lorch, Jonathan M. Palmer, Karen J. Vanderwolf, Katie Z. Schmidt, Michelle L. Verant, Theodore J. Weller, David S. Blehert
2018, Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi (41) 56-70
Malassezia is a genus of medically-important, lipid-dependent yeasts that live on the skin of warm-blooded animals. The 17 described species have been documented primarily on humans and domestic animals, but few studies have examined Malassezia species associated with more diverse host groups such as wildlife. While investigating the skin mycobiota of healthy bats,...
Preparing for an uncertain future: Migrating shorebird response to past climatic fluctuations in the Prairie Potholes
Valerie A. Steen, Susan K. Skagen, Barry R. Noon
2018, Ecosphere (9) 1-12
The Prairie Pothole Region, situated in the northern Great Plains, provides important stopover habitat for migratory shorebirds. During spring migration in the U.S. Prairie Potholes, 7.3 million shorebirds refuel in the region's myriad small, freshwater wetlands. Shorebirds use mudflats, shorelines, and ephemeral wetlands that are far more abundant in wet years...
“Naturalness” in designated Wilderness: Long-term changes in non-native plant dynamics on campsites, Boundary Waters, Minnesota
Holly Eagleston, Jeffrey L. Marion
2018, Forest Science (64) 50-56
Wilderness areas in the United States are preserved for their untrammeled naturalness and opportunities for unconfined recreation. The Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness has these qualities, but long-term recreation visitation pressures on campsites can cause significant ecological changes. This article explores changes on campsites, specifically examining non-native plant ecology over...
Moving in the Anthropocene: Global reductions in terrestrial mammalian movements
Marlee A. Tucker, Katrin Bohning-Gaese, William F. Fagan, John Fryxell, Bram Van Moorter, Susan C Alberts, Abdullahi H. Ali, Andrew M. Allen, Nina Attias, Tal Avgar, Hattie Bartlam-Brooks, Bayarbaatar Buuveibaatar, Jerrold L. Belant, Alessandra Bertassoni, Dean Beyer, Laura Bidner, Floris M. van Beest, Stephen Blake, Niels Blaum, Chloe Bracis, Danielle Brown, P. J. Nico de Bruyn, Francesca Cagnacci, J.M. Calabrese, Constanca Camilo-Alves, Simon Chamaille-Jammes, Andre Chiaradia, Sarah C. Davidson, Todd Dennis, Stephen DeStefano, Duane R. Diefenbach, Iain Douglas-Hamilton, Julian Fennessy, Claudia Fichtel, Wolfgang Fiedler, Christina Fischer, Ilya Fischhoff, Christen H. Fleming, Adam T. Ford, Susanne A. Fritz, Benedikt Gehr, Jacob R. Goheen, Eliezer Gurarie, Mark Hebblewhite, Marco Heurich, A. J. Mark Hewison, Christian Hof, Edward Hurme, Lynne A. Isbell, Rene Janssen, Florian Jeltsch, Petra Kaczensky, Adam Kane, Peter M. Kappeler, Matthew J. Kauffman, Roland Kays, Duncan Kimuyu, Flavia Koch, Bart Kranstauber, Scott LaPoint, Peter Leimgruber, John D. C. Linnell, Pascual Lopez-Lopez, A. Catherine Markham, Jenny Mattisson, Emilia Patricia Medici, Ugo Mellone, E. Merrill, Guilherme de Miranda Mourao, Ronaldo G. Morato, Nicolas Morellet, Thomas A. Morrison, Samuel L. Diaz-Munoz, Atle Mysterud, Dejid Nandintsetseg, Ran Nathan, Aidin Niamir, John Odden, Robert B. O’Hara, Luiz G. R. Oliveira-Santos, Kirk A. Olson, Bruce D. Patterson, Rogerio Cunha de Paula, Luca Pedrotti, Bjorn Reineking, Martin Rimmler, T. L. Rogers, Christer Moe Rolandsen, Christopher S. Rosenberry, Daniel I. Rubenstein, Kamran Safi, Sonia Said, Nir Sapir, Hall Sawyer, Niels Martin Schmidt, Nuria Selva, Agnieszka Sergiel, Enkhtuvshin Shiilegdamba, Joao Paulo Silva, N. Singh, Erling J. Solberg, Orr Spiegel, Olav Strand, S.R. Sundaresan, Wiebke Ullmann, Ulrich Voigt, J. Wall, David W. Wattles, Martin Wikelski, Christopher C. Wilmers, John W. Wilson, George Wittemyer, Filip Zieba, Tomasz Zwijacz-Kozica, Thomas Mueller
2018, Science (359) 466-469
Animal movement is fundamental for ecosystem functioning and species survival, yet the effects of the anthropogenic footprint on animal movements have not been estimated across species. Using a unique GPS-tracking database of 803 individuals across 57 species, we found that movements of mammals in areas with a comparatively high human...
Three-dimensional foraging habitat use and niche partitioning in two sympatric seabird species, Phalacrocorax auritus and P. penicillatus
Adam G. Peck-Richardson, Donald E. Lyons, Daniel D. Roby, Daniel A. Cushing, James A. Lerczak
2018, Marine Ecology Progress Series (586) 251-264
Ecological theory predicts that co-existing, morphologically similar species will partition prey resources when faced with resource limitations. We investigated local movements, foraging dive behavior, and foraging habitat selection by breeding adults of 2 closely related cormorant species, double-crested cormorants Phalacrocorax auritus and Brandt’s cormorants P. penicillatus. These species nest sympatrically at East Sand...
Nanometre-sized pores in coal: Variations between coal basins and coal origin
Richard Sakurovs, Lukas Koval, Mihaela Grigore, Anna Sokolava, Leslie F. Ruppert, Yuri B. Melnichenko
2018, International Journal of Coal Geology (186) 126-134
We have used small angle neutron scattering (SANS) to investigate the differences in methane and hexane penetration in pores in bituminous coal samples from the U.S., Canada, South Africa, and China, and maceral concentrates from Australian coals. This work is an extension of previous work that showed consistent differences...
Contaminant-associated health effects in fishes from the Ottawa and Ashtabula Rivers, Ohio
Luke R. Iwanowicz, Vicki S. Blazer, Heather L. Walsh, Cassidy H. Shaw, David S. DeVault, Jo A. Banda
2018, Journal of Great Lakes Research (44) 184-196
The health of resident fishes serves as a biologically relevant barometer of aquatic ecosystem integrity. Here, the health of the Ottawa River and Ashtabula River (both within the Lake Erie Basin) were assessed using morphological and immunological biomarkers in brown bullheads (Ameiurus nebulosus) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Biomarker metrics...
Effects of environmental variables on invasive amphibian activity: Using model selection on quantiles for counts
Benjamin J. Muller, Brian S. Cade, Lin Schwarzkoph
2018, Ecosphere (9) 1-14
Many different factors influence animal activity. Often, the value of an environmental variable may influence significantly the upper or lower tails of the activity distribution. For describing relationships with heterogeneous boundaries, quantile regressions predict a quantile of the conditional distribution of the dependent variable. A quantile count model extends linear...
Comparison of the chemical composition of dissolved organic matter in three lakes in Minnesota
Xiaoyan Cao, George R. Aiken, Kenna D. Butler, Jingdong Mao, Klaus Schmidt-Rohr
2018, Environmental Science & Technology (52) 1747-1755
New information on the chemical composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in three lakes in Minnesota has been gained from spectral editing and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods, indicating the effects of lake hydrological settings on DOM composition. Williams Lake (WL), Shingobee Lake (SL), and Manganika Lake (ML) had...
Vertical self-sorting behavior in juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha): evidence for family differences and variation in growth and morphology
Julia R. Unrein, E.J. Billman, Karen M. Cogliati, Rob S. Chitwood, David L. G. Noakes, Carl B. Schreck
2018, Environmental Biology of Fishes (101) 341-353
Life history variation is fundamental to the evolution of Pacific salmon and their persistence under variable conditions. We discovered that Chinook salmon sort themselves into surface- and bottom-oriented groups in tanks within days after exogenous feeding. We hypothesised that this behaviour is correlated with subsequent differences in body morphology and...
Survey of beaver-related restoration practices in rangeland streams of the western USA
David S. Pilliod, Ashley T. Rohde, Susan Charnley, Rachael R Davee, Jason B. Dunham, Hannah Gosnell, Gordon E. Grant, Mark B. Hausner, Justin L. Huntington, Caroline Nash
2018, Environmental Management (61) 58-68
Poor condition of many streams and concerns about future droughts in the arid and semi-arid western USA have motivated novel restoration strategies aimed at accelerating recovery and increasing water resources. Translocation of beavers into formerly occupied habitats, restoration activities encouraging beaver recolonization, and instream structures mimicking the effects of beaver...
Variabilities in probabilistic seismic hazard maps for natural and induced seismicity in the central and eastern United States
S. Mostafa Mousavi, Gregory C. Beroza, Susan M. Hoover
2018, The Leading Edge (37) 141a1-141a9
Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) characterizes ground-motion hazard from earthquakes. Typically, the time horizon of a PSHA forecast is long, but in response to induced seismicity related to hydrocarbon development, the USGS developed one-year PSHA models. In this paper, we present a display of the variability in USGS hazard curves...
Assessing the influence of multiple stressors on stream diatom metrics in the upper Midwest, USA
Mark D. Munn, Ian R. Waite, Christopher P. Konrad
2018, Ecological Indicators (85) 1239-1248
Water resource managers face increasing challenges in identifying what physical and chemical stressors are responsible for the alteration of biological conditions in streams. The objective of this study was to assess the comparative influence of multiple stressors on benthic diatoms at 98 sites that spanned a range of stressors in...
Associations of stream geomorphic conditions and prevalence of alternative reproductive tactics among sockeye salmon populations
L. B. DeFilippo, D.E. Schindler, J.L. Carter, Timothy E. Walsworth, T. J. Cline, Wesley Larson, T. Buehrens
2018, Journal of Evolutionary Biology (31) 239-253
In many species, males may exhibit alternative life histories to circumvent the costs of intrasexual competition and female courtship. While the evolution and underlying genetic and physiological mechanisms behind alternative reproductive tactics are well studied, there has been less consideration of the ecological factors that regulate their prevalence. Here, we...
Deciphering the link between doubly uniparental inheritance of mtDNA and sex determination in bivalves: Clues from comparative transcriptomics
Charlotte Capt, Sébastien Renaut, Fabrizio Ghiselli, Liliana Milani, Nathan A. Johnson, Bernard E. Sietman, Donald Stewart, Sophie Breton
2018, Genome Biology and Evolution (10) 577-590
Bivalves exhibit an astonishing diversity of sexual systems and sex-determining mechanisms. They can be gonochoric, hermaphroditic or androgenetic, with both genetic and environmental factors known to determine or influence sex. One unique sex-determining system involving the mitochondrial genome has also been hypothesized to exist in bivalves with doubly uniparental inheritance...
Validation of ATR FT-IR to identify polymers of plastic marine debris, including those ingested by marine organisms
Melissa R. Jung, F. David Horgen, Sara V. Orski, Viviana Rodriguez, Kathryn L. Beers, George H. Balazs, T. Todd Jones, Thierry M. Work, Kayla C. Brignac, Sarah-Jeanne Royer, David K. Hyrenbach, Brenda A. Jensen, Jennifer M. Lynch
2018, Marine Pollution Bulletin (127) 704-716
Polymer identification of plastic marine debris can help identify its sources, degradation, and fate. We optimized and validated a fast, simple, and accessible technique, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR), to identify polymers contained in plastic ingested by sea turtles. Spectra...
Response to Lisovski et al.
Henry M. Streby, Gunnar R. Kramer, Sean M. Peterson, Justin A. Lehman, David A. Buehler, David E. Andersen
2018, Current Biology (28) R101-R102
Lisovski et al. [1] describe the widely recognized limitations of light-level geolocator data for identifying short-distance latitudinal movements, recommend that caution be used when interpreting such data, intimated that we did not use such caution and argued that environmental shading likely explained the Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera) movements described in our 2015...
Contaminants in tropical island streams and their biota
Elissa N. Buttermore, W. Gregory Cope, Thomas J. Kwak, Patrick B. Cooney, Damian Shea, Peter R. Lazaro
2018, Environmental Research (161) 615-623
Environmental contamination is problematic for tropical islands due to their typically dense human populations and competing land and water uses. The Caribbean island of Puerto Rico (USA) has a long history of anthropogenic chemical use, and its human population density is among the highest globally, providing a model environment to...
Groundwater connectivity of upland-embedded wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region
Brian Neff, Donald O. Rosenberry
2018, Wetlands (38) 51-63
Groundwater connections from upland-embedded wetlands to downstream waterbodies remain poorly understood. In principle, water from upland-embedded wetlands situated high in a landscape should flow via groundwater to waterbodies situated lower in the landscape. However, the degree of groundwater connectivity varies across systems due to factors such as geologic setting, hydrologic...
Image simulation and assessment of the colour and spatial capabilities of the Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System (CaSSIS) on the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter
Livio L. Tornabene, Frank P. Seelos, Antoine Pommerol, Nicolas Thomas, Christy M. Caudill, Patricio Becerra, John C. Bridges, Shane Byrne, Marco Cardinale, Matthew Chojnacki, Susan J. Conway, Gabriele Cremonese, Colin M. Dundas, M. R. El-Maarry, Jennifer Fernando, Candice J. Hansen, Kayle Hansen, Tanya N. Harrison, Rachel Henson, Lucia Marinangeli, Alfred S. McEwen, Maurizio Pajola, Sarah S. Sutton, James J. Wray
2018, Space Science Reviews (214)
This study aims to assess the spatial and visible/near-infrared (VNIR) colour/spectral capabilities of the 4-band Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System (CaSSIS) aboard the ExoMars 2016 Trace Grace Orbiter (TGO). The instrument response functions for the CaSSIS imager was used to resample spectral libraries, modelled spectra and to construct spectrally...
The effect of isolation, fragmentation, and population bottlenecks on song structure of a Hawaiian honeycreeper
Joshua M. Pang-Ching, Kristina L. Paxton, Eben H. Paxton, Adam A. Pack, Patrick J. Hart
2018, Ecology and Evolution (8) 2076-2087
Little is known about how important social behaviors such as song vary within and among populations for any of the endemic Hawaiian honeycreepers. Habitat loss and non‐native diseases (e.g., avian malaria) have resulted in isolation and fragmentation of Hawaiian honeycreepers within primarily high elevation forests. In this study, we examined...
Long‐term trends in fall age ratios of black brant
David H. Ward, Courtney L. Amundson, Robert A. Stehn, Christian P. Dau
2018, Journal of Wildlife Management (82) 362-373
Accurate estimates of the age composition of populations can inform past reproductive success and future population trajectories. We examined fall age ratios (juveniles:total birds) of black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans; brant) staging at Izembek National Wildlife Refuge near the tip of the Alaska Peninsula, southwest Alaska, USA, 1963 to 2015....
Seventy years of stream‐fish collections reveal invasions and native range contractions in an Appalachian (USA) watershed
Joseph D. Buckwalter, Emmanuel A. Frimpong, Paul L. Angermeier, Jacob N. Barney
2018, Diversity and Distributions (24) 219-232
AimKnowledge of expanding and contracting ranges is critical for monitoring invasions and assessing conservation status, yet reliable data on distributional trends are lacking for most freshwater species. We developed a quantitative technique to detect the sign (expansion or contraction) and functional form of range‐size changes for freshwater...
Tidal extension and sea-level rise: recommendations for a research agenda
Scott H. Ensign, Gregory E. Noe
2018, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment (16) 37-43
Sea-level rise is pushing freshwater tides upstream into formerly non-tidal rivers. This tidal extension may increase the area of tidal freshwater ecosystems and offset loss of ecosystem functions due to salinization downstream. Without considering how gains in ecosystem functions could offset losses, landscape-scale assessments of ecosystem functions may be biased...
An open source high-performance solution to extract surface water drainage networks from diverse terrain conditions
Larry V. Stanislawski, Kornelijus Survila, Jeffrey Wendel, Yan Liu, Barbara P. Buttenfield
2018, Cartography and Geographic Information Science (45) 319-328
This paper describes a workflow for automating the extraction of elevation-derived stream lines using open source tools with parallel computing support and testing the effectiveness of procedures in various terrain conditions within the conterminous United States. Drainage networks are extracted from the US Geological Survey 1/3 arc-second 3D Elevation Program...
