Remote measurement of river discharge using thermal particle image velocimetry (PIV) and various sources of bathymetric information
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel, Jonathan M. Nelson
2017, Journal of Hydrology (554) 490-506
Although river discharge is a fundamental hydrologic quantity, conventional methods of streamgaging are impractical, expensive, and potentially dangerous in remote locations. This study evaluated the potential for measuring discharge via various forms of remote sensing, primarily thermal imaging of flow velocities but also spectrally-based depth retrieval from passive optical image...
A coupled metabolic-hydraulic model and calibration scheme for estimating of whole-river metabolism during dynamic flow conditions
Robert A. Payn, Robert O Hall, Theodore A. Kennedy, Geoff C Poole, Lucy A. Marshall
2017, Limnology and Oceanography: Methods (15) 847-866
Conventional methods for estimating whole-stream metabolic rates from measured dissolved oxygen dynamics do not account for the variation in solute transport times created by dynamic flow conditions. Changes in flow at hourly time scales are common downstream of hydroelectric dams (i.e. hydropeaking), and hydrologic limitations of conventional metabolic models...
Arctic deep-water ferromanganese-oxide deposits reflect the unique characteristics of the Arctic Ocean
James R. Hein, Natalia Konstantinova, Mariah Mikesell, Kira Mizell, Jessica N. Fitzsimmons, Phoebe Lam, Laramie T. Jensen, Yang Xiang, Amy Gartman, Georgy Cherkashov, Deborah Hutchinson, Claire P. Till
2017, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (18) 3771-3800
Little is known about marine mineral deposits in the Arctic Ocean, an ocean dominated by continental shelf and basins semi-closed to deep-water circulation. Here, we present data for ferromanganese crusts and nodules collected from the Amerasia Arctic Ocean in 2008, 2009, and 2012 (HLY0805, HLY0905, HLY1202). We determined...
Endozoicomonas dominates the gill and intestinal content microbiomes of Mytilus edulis from Barnegat Bay, New Jersey
William B. Schill, Deborah D. Iwanowicz, Cynthia R. Adams
2017, Journal of Shellfish Research (36) 391-401
Blue mussels, Mytilus edulis, Linnaeus 1758 from southern Barnegat Bay, New Jersey were examined to determine the make-up of the normal blue mussel microbiome. Sequencing of 16S ribosomal DNA amplicons from gill and intestinal content microbiomes using the Illumina® MiSeq platform yielded 1,276,161 paired end sequence reads from the...
A effective DNA vaccine against diverse genotype J infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus strains prevalent in China
Liming Xu, Jingzhuang Zhao, Miao Liu, Gael Kurath, Guangming Ren, Scott E. LaPatra, Jiasheng Yin, Hongbai Liu, Jian Feng, Tongyan Lu
2017, Vaccine (35) 2420-2426
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is the most important pathogen threatening the aquaculture of salmonid fish in China. In this study, a DNA vaccine, designated pIHNch-G, was constructed with the glycoprotein (G) gene of a Chinese IHNV isolate SD-12 (also called Sn1203) of genotype J. The minimal dose of vaccine...
Movements of Atlantic Sturgeon of the Gulf of Maine inside and outside the geographically defined Distinct Population Segment
Gail S. Wippelhauser, James Sulikowski, Gayle B. Zydlewski, Megan Altenritter, Micah Kieffer, Michael T. Kinnison
2017, Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science (9) 93-107
Identification of potential critical habitat, seasonal distributions, and movements within and between river systems is important for protecting the Gulf of Maine (GOM) Distinct Population Segment of Atlantic Sturgeon. To accomplish these objectives, we captured Atlantic Sturgeon in four GOM rivers (Penobscot, Kennebec system, Saco, and Merrimack), and tagged...
Ecosystem vs. community recovery 25 years after grass invasions and fire in a subtropical woodland
Carla M. D’Antonio, Stephanie G. Yelenik, Michelle C. Mack
2017, Journal of Ecology (105) 1462-1474
Despite a large body of research documenting invasive plant impacts, few studies have followed individual invaded sites over decades to observe how they change, and none have contrasted how compositional impacts from invasion compare to ecosystem-process impacts over a multi-decadal time-scale. Using direct measurements of plant density and composition and of...
Estimation and uncertainty of recent carbon accumulation and vertical accretion in drained and undrained forested peatlands of the southeastern USA
Judith Z. Drexler, Christopher C. Fuller, James L. Orlando, Antonia Salas, Frederic C. Wurster, Jamie A. Duberstein
2017, Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences (122) 2563-2579
The purpose of this study was to determine how drainage impacts carbon densities and recent rates (past 50 years) of vertical accretion and carbon accumulation in southeastern forested peatlands. We compared these parameters in drained maple-gum (MAPL), Atlantic white cedar (CDR), and pocosin (POC) communities in the Great Dismal Swamp National...
Reconstructing the evolution of the submarine Monterey Canyon System from Os, Nd, and Pb isotopes in hydrogenetic Fe-Mn crusts
T.A. Conrad, S.G. Nielsen, Bernhard Peucker-Ehrenbrink, J. Blusztajn, D. Winslow, James R. Hein, A. Paytan
2017, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (18) 3946-3963
The sources of terrestrial material delivered to the California margin over the past 7 Myr were assessed using 187Os/188Os, Nd, and Pb isotopes in hydrogenetic ferromanganese crusts from three seamounts along the central and southern California margin. From 6.8 to 4.5 (± 0.5) Ma, all three isotope systems show more radiogenic...
Widespread legacy brine contamination from oil production reduces survival of chorus frog larvae
Blake R. Hossack, Holly J. Puglis, William A. Battaglin, Chauncey W. Anderson, R. Ken Honeycutt, Kelly L. Smalling
2017, Environmental Pollution (231) 742-751
Advances in drilling techniques have facilitated a rapid increase in hydrocarbon extraction from energy shales, including the Williston Basin in central North America. This area overlaps with the Prairie Pothole Region, a region densely populated with wetlands that provide numerous ecosystem services. Historical (legacy) disposal practices often released saline co-produced...
Declines revisited: Long-term recovery and spatial population dynamics oftailed frog larvae after wildfire
Blake R. Hossack, R. Ken Honeycutt
2017, Biological Conservation (212) 274-278
Drought has fueled an increased frequency and severity of large wildfires in many ecosystems. Despite an increase in research on wildfire effects on vertebrates, the vast majority of it has focused on short-term (< 5 years) effects and there is still little information on the time scale of population recovery...
Geographic variation in host fish use and larval metamorphosis for the endangered dwarf wedgemussel
Barbara St. John White, C. Paola Ferreri, William A. Lellis, Barry J. Wicklow, Jeffrey C. Cole
2017, Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems (27) 909-918
Host fishes play a crucial role in survival and dispersal of freshwater mussels (Unionoida), particularly rare unionids at conservation risk. Intraspecific variation in host use is not well understood for many mussels, including the endangered dwarf wedgemussel (Alasmidonta heterodon) in the USA.Host suitability of 33 fish...
Quantifying the effects of wildfire on changes in soil properties by surface burning of soils from the Boulder Creek Critical Zone Observatory
Celeste Wieting, Brian A. Ebel, Kamini Singha
2017, Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies (13) 43-57
Study regionThis study used intact soil cores collected at the Boulder Creek Critical Zone Observatory near Boulder, Colorado, USA to explore fire impacts on soil properties.Study focusThree soil scenarios were considered: unburned control soils, and low- and high-temperature burned soils. We explored simulated fire...
Riverine discharges to Chesapeake Bay: Analysis of long-term (1927–2014) records and implications for future flows in the Chesapeake Bay basin
Karen C. Rice, Douglas L. Moyer, Aaron L. Mills
2017, Journal of Environmental Management (204) 246-254
The Chesapeake Bay (CB) basin is under a total maximum daily load (TMDL) mandate to reduce nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment loads to the bay. Identifying shifts in the hydro-climatic regime may help explain observed trends in water quality. To identify potential shifts, hydrologic data (1927–2014) for 27 watersheds in the...
Assessment of an in-channel redistribution technique for large woody debris management in Locust Creek, Linn County, Missouri
David C. Heimann
2017, Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5120
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Conservation and Missouri Department of Natural Resources, completed a study to assess a mechanical redistribution technique used for the management of large woody debris (LWD) jams in Locust Creek within Pershing State Park and Fountain Grove Conservation Area, Linn...
Seasonality of stable isotope composition of atmospheric water input at the southern slopes of Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
Insa Otte, Florian Detsch, Adrian Gutlein, Martha A. Scholl, Ralf Kiese, Tim Appelhans, Thomas Nauss
2017, Hydrological Processes (31) 3932-3947
To understand the moisture regime at the southern slopes of Mt. Kilimanjaro, we analysed the isotopic variability of oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δD) of rainfall, throughfall, and fog from a total of 2,140 samples collected weekly over 2 years at 9 study sites along an elevation transect ranging from 950 to...
Accounting for orphaned aftershocks in the earthquake background rate
Nicholas van der Elst
2017, Geophysical Journal International (211) 1108-1118
Aftershocks often occur within cascades of triggered seismicity in which each generation of aftershocks triggers an additional generation, and so on. The rate of earthquakes in any particular generation follows Omori's law, going approximately as 1/t. This function decays rapidly, but is heavy-tailed, and aftershock sequences may persist for long...
New biotite and muscovite isotopic reference materials, USGS57 and USGS58, for δ2H measurements–A replacement for NBS 30
Haiping Qi, Tyler B. Coplen, Matthias Gehre, Torsten W. Vennemann, Willi A. Brand, Heike Geilmann, Gerard Olack, Ilya N. Bindeman, Jim Palandri, Li Huang, Fred J. Longstaffe
2017, Chemical Geology (467) 89-99
The advent of continuous-flow isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (CF-IRMS) coupled with a high temperature conversion (HTC) system enabled faster, more cost effective, and more precise δ2H analysis of hydrogen-bearing solids. Accurate hydrogen isotopic analysis by on-line or off-line techniques requires appropriate isotopic reference materials (RMs). A strategy of two-point calibrations spanning δ2H...
Using paired in situ high frequency nitrate measurements to better understand controls on nitrate concentrations and estimate nitrification rates in a wastewater-impacted river
Tamara E. C. Kraus, Katy O’Donnell, Bryan D. Downing, Jon R. Burau, Brian A. Bergamaschi
2017, Water Resources Research (53) 8423-8442
We used paired continuous nitrate ( ) measurements along a tidally affected river receiving wastewater discharge rich in ammonium ( ) to quantify rates of change in <img class="inlineGraphic" src="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/2017WR020670/asset/equation/wrcr22895-math-0003.png?v=1&s=edd1801396530467a9c1886f4d85f881efc4aa35" alt="math...
Micronuclei and other erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities in fishes from the Great Lakes Basin, USA
Ryan P. Braham, Vicki S. Blazer, Cassidy H. Shaw, Patricia M. Mazik
2017, Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis (58) 570-581
Biological markers (biomarkers) sensitive to genotoxic and mutagenic contamination in fishes are widely used to identify exposure effects in aquatic environments. The micronucleus assay was incorporated into a suite of indicators to assess exposure to genotoxic and mutagenic contamination at five Great Lakes Areas of Concern (AOCs), as well as...
Interannual variation in methane emissions from tropical wetlands triggered by repeated El Niño Southern Oscillation
Qiuan Zhu, Changhui Peng, Philippe Ciais, Hong Jiang, Jinxun Liu, Philippe Bousquet, Shiqin Li, Jie Chang, Xiuqin Fang, Xiaolu Zhou, Huai Chen, Shirong Liu, Guanghui Lin, Peng Gong, Meng Wang, Han Wang, Wenhua Xiang, Jing Chen
2017, Global Change Biology (23) 4706-4716
Methane (CH4) emissions from tropical wetlands contribute 60%–80% of global natural wetland CH4 emissions. Decreased wetland CH4 emissions can act as a negative feedback mechanism for future climate warming and vice versa. The impact of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on CH4 emissions from wetlands remains poorly quantified at both...
A newly identified role of the deciduous forest floor in the timing of green‐up
Andrei G Lapenis, Gregory B. Lawrence, Alexander Buyantuev, Shiguo Jiang, Timothy J. Sullivan, Todd C. McDonnell, Scott W. Bailey
2017, JGR: Biogeosciences (122) 2876-2891
Plant phenology studies rarely consider controlling factors other than air temperature. We evaluate here the potential significance of physical and chemical properties of soil (edaphic factors) as additional important controls on phenology. More specifically, we investigate causal connections between satellite‐observed green‐up dates of small forest watersheds and soil properties in...
Simulation of groundwater and surface-water flow in the upper Deschutes Basin, Oregon
Marshall W. Gannett, Kenneth E. Lite Jr., John C. Risley, Esther M. Pischel, Jonathan L. La Marche
2017, Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5097
This report describes a hydrologic model for the upper Deschutes Basin in central Oregon developed using the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) integrated Groundwater and Surface-Water Flow model (GSFLOW). The upper Deschutes Basin, which drains much of the eastern side of the Cascade Range in Oregon, is underlain by large...
The Volcano Disaster Assistance Program—Helping to save lives worldwide for more than 30 years
Jacob B. Lowenstern, David W. Ramsey
2017, Fact Sheet 2017-3071
What do you do when a sleeping volcano roars back to life? For more than three decades, countries around the world have called upon the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) Volcano Disaster Assistance Program (VDAP) to contribute expertise and equipment in times of crisis. Co-funded by the USGS and the...
Southern Great Plains Rapid Ecoregional assessment—Volume I. Ecological communities
Gordon C. Reese, Lucy Burris, Natasha B. Carr, Ian I.F. Leinwand, Cynthia P. Melcher
2017, Open-File Report 2017-1100
The Southern Great Plains Rapid Ecoregional Assessment was conducted in partnership with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the Great Plains Landscape Conservation Cooperative. The overall goal of the Rapid Ecoregional Assessments (REAs) is to compile and synthesize regional datasets to facilitate evaluation of the cumulative effects of change agents...
