Using chemical and microbiological indicators to track the impacts from the land application of treated municipal wastewater and other sources on groundwater quality in a karstic springs basin
B. G. Katz, Dale W. Griffin
2008, Environmental Geology (55) 801-821
Multiple chemical constituents (nutrients; N, O, H, C stable isotopes; 64 organic wastewater compounds, 16 pharmaceutical compounds) and microbiological indicators were used to assess the impact on groundwater quality from the land application of approximately 9.5 million liters per day of treated municipal sewage effluent to a sprayfield in the...
Genetic identity of brook trout in Lake Superior south shore streams: Potential for genetic monitoring of stocking and rehabilitation efforts
Brian L. Sloss, Martin J. Jennings, R. Franckowiak, D.M. Pratt
2008, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (137) 1244-1251
Rehabilitation of migratory ('coaster') brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis along Lake Superior's south shore is a topic of high interest among resource stakeholders and management agencies. Proposed strategies for rehabilitation of this brook trout life history variant in Wisconsin include supplemental stocking, watershed management, habitat rehabilitation, harvest regulations, or a combination...
Carbon isotope fractionation of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) due to outgassing of carbon dioxide from a headwater stream
D.H. Doctor, C. Kendall, S.D. Sebestyen, J. B. Shanley, N. Ohte, E.W. Boyer
2008, Hydrological Processes (22) 2410-2423
The stable isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon (??13C-DIC) was investigated as a potential tracer of streamflow generation processes at the Sleepers River Research Watershed, Vermont, USA. Downstream sampling showed ?? 13C-DIC increased between 3-5??? from the stream source to the outlet weir approximately 0??5 km downstream, concomitant with increasing...
On the in situ aqueous alteration of soils on Mars
Ronald Amundson, S. Ewing, W. Dietrich, B. Sutter, J. Owen, O. Chadwick, K. Nishiizumi, Michelle Ann Walvoord, C. McKay
2008, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (72) 3845-3864
Early (>3 Gy) wetter climate conditions on Mars have been proposed, and it is thus likely that pedogenic processes have occurred there at some point in the past. Soil and rock chemistry of the Martian landing sites were evaluated to test the hypothesis that in situ aqueous alteration and downward...
Effectiveness of piscicides for controlling round gobies (Neogobius melanostomus)
Theresa M. Schreier, V. K. Dawson, W. Larson
2008, Journal of Great Lakes Research (34) 253-264
Round gobies (Neogobius melanostomus) were introduced to the Great Lakes presumably as a result of ballast water releases from seagoing freighters returning from European water bodies. These unwelcome fish have become established in the Great Lakes region and are expanding their range to suitable portions of other interior drainage basins...
Trends in snowpack chemistry and comparison to National Atmospheric Deposition Program results for the Rocky Mountains, US, 1993-2004
G.P. Ingersoll, M.A. Mast, K. Campbell, D. W. Clow, L. Nanus, J.T. Turk
2008, Atmospheric Environment (42) 6098-6113
Seasonal snowpack chemistry data from the Rocky Mountain region of the US was examined to identify long-term trends in concentration and chemical deposition in snow and in snow-water equivalent. For the period 1993-2004, comparisons of trends were made between 54 Rocky Mountain Snowpack sites and 16 National Atmospheric Deposition Program...
Changes in the soil C cycle at the arid-hyperarid transition in the Atacama Desert
S.A. Ewing, J. L. Macalady, K. Warren-Rhodes, C.P. McKay, Ronald Amundson
2008, Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences (113)
We examined soil organic C (OC) turnover and transport across the rainfall transition from a biotic, arid site to a largely abiotic, hyperarid site. With this transition, OC concentrations decrease, and C cycling slows precipitously, both in surface horizons and below ground. The concentration and isotopic character of soil OC...
A coupled model approach to reduce nonpoint-source pollution resulting from predicted urban growth: A case study in the Ambos Nogales watershed
L.M. Norman, D.P. Guertin, M. Feller
2008, Urban Geography (29) 496-516
The development of new approaches for understanding processes of urban development and their environmental effects, as well as strategies for sustainable management, is essential in expanding metropolitan areas. This study illustrates the potential of linking urban growth and watershed models to identify problem areas and support long-term watershed planning. Sediment...
Methanogenic pathways of coal-bed gas in the Powder River Basin, United States: The geologic factor
R. M. Flores, C. A. Rice, G. D. Stricker, A. Warden, M.S. Ellis
2008, International Journal of Coal Geology (76) 52-75
Coal-bed gas of the Tertiary Fort Union and Wasatch Formations in the Powder River Basin in Wyoming and Montana, U.S. was interpreted as microbial in origin by previous studies based on limited data on the gas and water composition and isotopes associated with the coal beds. To fully evaluate the...
Linking runoff response to burn severity after a wildfire
J. A. Moody, D.A. Martin, S.L. Haire, D.A. Kinner
2008, Hydrological Processes (22) 2063-2074
Extreme floods often follow wildfire in mountainous watersheds. However, a quantitative relation between the runoff response and burn severity at the watershed scale has not been established. Runoff response was measured as the runoff coefficient C, which is equal to the peak discharge per unit drainage area divided by the...
Effect of imbalanced nutrients and immigration on Prymnesium parvum community dominance and toxicity: Results from in-lake microcosm experiments
R.M. Errera, D. L. Roelke, R.L. Kiesling, B.W. Brooks, J. P. Grover, L. Schwierzke, F. Urena-Boeck, J.W. Baker, J.L. Pinckney
2008, Aquatic Microbial Ecology (52) 33-44
Prymnesium parvum, a haptophyte species, forms harmful blooms, including those that have caused severe fish kills in Texas, USA, over the past 6 yr. We studied P. parvum dynamics using in situ microcosm experiments at Lake Possum Kingdom, Texas, during 3 seasons (fall 2004, winter and spring 2005). Experimental treatments...
Modeling axisymmetric flow and transport
C.D. Langevin
2008, Ground Water (46) 579-590
Unmodified versions of common computer programs such as MODFLOW, MT3DMS, and SEAWAT that use Cartesian geometry can accurately simulate axially symmetric ground water flow and solute transport. Axisymmetric flow and transport are simulated by adjusting several input parameters to account for the increase in flow area with radial distance from...
What was the groundwater quality before mining in a mineralized region? Lessons from the Questa Project
D. Kirk Nordstrom
2008, Geosciences Journal (12) 139-149
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New Mexico Environment Department and supported by Molycorp, Inc (currently Chevron Minerals), has completed a 5-year investigation (2001-2006) to determine the pre-mining ground-water quality at Molycorp's Questa molybdenum mine in northern New Mexico. Current mine-site ground waters are often contaminated with mine-waste...
Microsatellite markers for the endangered Roanoke logperch, Percina rex (Percidae) and their potential utility for other darter species
D.J. Dutton, J.H. Roberts, P. L. Angermeier, E.M. Hallerman
2008, Molecular Ecology Resources (8) 831-834
The Roanoke logperch (Percina rex Jordan and Evermann), an endangered fish, occurs in only six watersheds in the Roanoke and Chowan river drainages of Virginia, USA. The species' population genetic structure is poorly known. We developed 16 microsatellite markers that were reliably scorable and polymorphic P. rex. Markers were also...
A bioenergetic model for zebrafish Danio rerio (Hamilton)
C.J. Chizinski, Bibek Sharma, K.L. Pope, R. Patino
2008, Journal of Fish Biology (73) 35-43
A bioenergetics model was developed from observed consumption, respiration and growth rates for zebrafish Danio rerio across a range (18-32?? C) of water temperatures, and evaluated with a 50 day laboratory trial at 28?? C. No significant bias in variable estimates was found during the validation trial; namely, predicted zebrafish...
Seasonal and diel movements of white sturgeon in the lower columbia river
M.J. Parsley, N.D. Popoff, B. K. Van Der Leeuw, C.D. Wright
2008, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (137) 1007-1017
Continuous monitoring of the movements and depths used by white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus with acoustic telemetry technologies in the lower Columbia River provided information on diel and seasonal migrations, local movements, and site fidelity. White sturgeon moved to shallower water at night and showed greater activity, inferred from rates of...
Importance of unsaturated zone flow for simulating recharge in a humid climate
R. J. Hunt, David E. Prudic, J.F. Walker, Marilyn P. Anderson
2008, Ground Water (46) 551-560
Transient recharge to the water table is often not well understood or quantified. Two approaches for simulating transient recharge in a ground water flow model were investigated using the Trout Lake watershed in north-central Wisconsin: (1) a traditional approach of adding recharge directly to the water table and (2) routing...
Fish assemblages of the Casiquiare River, a corridor and zoogeographical filter for dispersal between the Orinoco and Amazon basins
K.O. Winemiller, H. Lopez-Fernandez, D.C. Taphorn, L.G. Nico, A.B. Duque
2008, Journal of Biogeography (35) 1551-1563
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether the Casiquiare River functions as a free dispersal corridor or as a partial barrier (i.e. filter) for the interchange of fish species of the Orinoco and Negro/Amazon basins using species assemblage patterns according to geographical location and environmental features. Location:...
Use of complex hydraulic variables to predict the distribution and density of unionids in a side channel of the Upper Mississippi River
J. J. Steuer, T.J. Newton, S. J. Zigler
2008, Hydrobiologia (610) 67-82
Previous attempts to predict the importance of abiotic and biotic factors to unionids in large rivers have been largely unsuccessful. Many simple physical habitat descriptors (e.g., current velocity, substrate particle size, and water depth) have limited ability to predict unionid density. However, more recent studies have found that complex hydraulic...
Patch-reef morphology as a proxy for Holocene sea-level variability, Northern Florida Keys, USA
J. C. Brock, M. Palaseanu-Lovejoy, C. W. Wright, A. Nayegandhi
2008, Coral Reefs (27) 555-568
A portion of the northern Florida Keys reef tract was mapped with the NASA Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) and the morphology of patch reefs was related to variations in Holocene sea level. Following creation of a lidar digital elevation model (DEM), geospatial analyses delineated morphologic attributes of 1,034...
The arctic water resource vulnerability index: An integrated assessment tool for community resilience and vulnerability with respect to freshwater
L. Alessa, A. Kliskey, R. Lammers, C. Arp, D. White, L. Hinzman, R. Busey
2008, Environmental Management (42) 523-541
People in the Arctic face uncertainty in their daily lives as they contend with environmental changes at a range of scales from local to global. Freshwater is a critical resource to people, and although water resource indicators have been developed that operate from regional to global scales and for midlatitude...
Utilization of protein expression profiles as indicators of environmental impairment of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) from the Shenandoah River, Virginia, USA
J. Ripley, L. Iwanowicz, V. Blazer, C. Foran
2008, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (27) 1756-1767
The Shenandoah River (VA, USA), the largest tributary of the Potomac River (MD, USA) and an important source of drinking water, has been the site of extensive fish kills since 2004. Previous investigations indicate environmental stressors may be adversely modulating the immune system of smallmouth bass...
Distribution and variability of redox zones controlling spatial variability of arsenic in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer, southeastern Arkansas
M.U. Sharif, R.K. Davis, K.F. Steele, B. Kim, P.D. Hays, T.M. Kresse, J.A. Fazio
2008, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (99) 49-67
Twenty one of 118 irrigation water wells in the shallow (25-30??m thick) Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer in the Bayou Bartholomew watershed, southeastern Arkansas had arsenic (As) concentrations (< 0.5 to 77????g/L) exceeding 10????g/L. Sediment and groundwater samples were collected and analyzed from the sites of the highest, median, and...
Permeameter data verify new turbulence process for MODFLOW
Eve L. Kuniansky, Keith J. Halford, W. Barclay Shoemaker
2008, Ground Water (46) 768-771
A sample of Key Largo Limestone from southern Florida exhibited turbulent flow behavior along three orthogonal axes as reported in recently published permeameter experiments. The limestone sample was a cube measuring 0.2 m on edge. The published nonlinear relation between hydraulic gradient and discharge was simulated using the turbulent flow...
Real-time PCR detection and quantification of nine potential sources of fecal contamination by analysis of mitochondrial Cytochrome b targets
W. B. Schill, M.V. Mathes
2008, Environmental Science & Technology (42) 5229-5234
We designed and tested real-time PCR probe/primer sets to detect and quantify Cytochrome b sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from nine vertebrate species of pet (dog), farm (cow, chicken, sheep, horse, pig), wildlife (Canada goose, white-tailed deer), and human. Linear ranges of the assays were from 101 to 108 copies/??l....
