Effects of surface-water irrigation on sources, fluxes, and residence times of water, nitrate, and uranium in an alluvial aquifer
John Karl Bohlke, Ingrid M. Verstraeten, Thomas F. Kraemer
2007, Applied Geochemistry (22) 152-174
Effects of surface-water irrigation on an alluvial aquifer were evaluated using chemical and isotopic data including δ2H, δ18O, 3H, δ3He, Ar, Ne, N2, δ15N, and 234U/238U activity ratios in a transect of nested wells in the North Platte River valley in western Nebraska, USA. The data were used to evaluate sources and fluxes of H2O, <span...
Mapping an invasive plant, Phragmites australis, in coastal wetlands using the EO-1 Hyperion hyperspectral sensor
Bruce Pengra, C.A. Johnston, Thomas R. Loveland
2007, Remote Sensing of Environment (108) 74-81
Mapping tools are needed to document the location and extent of Phragmites australis, a tall grass that invades coastal marshes throughout North America, displacing native plant species and degrading wetland habitat. Mapping Phragmites is particularly challenging in the freshwater Great Lakes coastal wetlands due to dynamic lake levels and vegetation...
Human influence on California fire regimes
A.D. Syphard, V. C. Radeloff, Jon E. Keeley, T. J. Hawbaker, M.K. Clayton, S. I. Stewart, R. B. Hammer
2007, Ecological Applications (17) 1388-1402
Periodic wildfire maintains the integrity and species composition of many ecosystems, including the mediterranean-climate shrublands of California. However, human activities alter natural fire regimes, which can lead to cascading ecological effects. Increased human ignitions at the wildland-urban interface (WUI) have recently gained attention, but fire activity and risk are typically...
Soil and sediment chemistry in the Mississippi River Delta following Hurricane Katrina
Emitt C. Witt III, Craig D. Adams, Jianmin Wang, David K. Shaver, Youssef Filali-Meknassi
2007, Circular 1306-7C
In October 2005, the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Mid-Continent Geographic Science Center and the University of Missouri-Rolla's (UMR) Environmental Research Center for Emerging Contaminants partnered to collect perishable environmental data along the Mississippi River Delta to catalog the effects of Hurricane Katrina, a category 3 storm that caused nearly complete...
Digital floodplain mapping and an analysis of errors involved
C.S. Hamblen, D.T. Soong, X. Cai
2007, Conference Paper, Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006
Mapping floodplain boundaries using geographical information system (GIS) and digital elevation models (DEMs) was completed in a recent study. However convenient this method may appear at first, the resulting maps potentially can have unaccounted errors. Mapping the floodplain using GIS is faster than mapping manually, and digital mapping is expected...
Joint inversion of high-frequency surface waves with fundamental and higher modes
Y. Luo, J. Xia, J. Liu, Q. Liu, S. Xu
2007, Journal of Applied Geophysics (62) 375-384
Joint inversion of multimode surface waves for estimating the shear (S)-wave velocity has received much attention in recent years. In this paper, we first analyze sensitivity of phase velocities of multimodes of surface waves for a six-layer earth model, and then we invert surface-wave dispersion curves of the theoretical model...
High arsenic concentrations and enriched sulfur and oxygen isotopes in a fractured-bedrock ground-water system
G. Lipfert, W.C. Sidle, A.S. Reeve, R. A. Ayuso, A.J. Boyce
2007, Chemical Geology (242) 385-399
Ground water with high arsenic concentrations (up to 26.6????mol L- 1) has sulfate enriched in 34S and 18O in the fractured-bedrock, ground-water system of the Kelly's Cove watershed, Northport, Maine, USA. The ranges of sulfur and oxygen isotope values in aqueous sulfate, ??34S[SO4] and ??18O[SO4], at the Kelly's Cove watershed...
Integrated geologic and geophysical studies of North American continental intraplate seismicity
X. Van Lanen, Walter D. Mooney
2007, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America (425) 101-112
The origin of earthquakes within stable continental regions has been the subject of debate over the past thirty years. Here, we examine the correlation of North American stable continental region earthquakes using five geologic and geophysical data sets: (1) a newly compiled age-province map; (2) Bouguer...
Hurricane Katrina flooding and oil slicks mapped with satellite imagery
Russell P. Rykhus, Zhong Lu
2007, Circular 1306-3F
A multiple-database approach that combined remotely sensed data from Radarsat-1 and Landsat Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) imagery was used to map Hurricane Katrinainduced flooding and to identify offshore oil slicks. Maps depicting the areal extent of flooding, oil slicks, and floating debris provide vital information to emergency managers for directing...
Local search for optimal global map generation using mid-decadal landsat images
L. Khatib, J. Gasch, Robert Morris, S. Covington
2007, Conference Paper, AAAI Workshop - Technical Report
NASA and the US Geological Survey (USGS) are seeking to generate a map of the entire globe using Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) sensor data from the "mid-decadal" period of 2004 through 2006. The global map is comprised of thousands of scene...
Total petroleum system assessment of undiscovered resources in the giant Barnett Shale continuous (unconventional) gas accumulation, Fort Worth Basin, Texas
R. M. Pollastro
2007, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (91) 551-578
Undiscovered natural gas having potential for additions to reserves in the Mississippian Barnett Shale of the Fort Worth Basin, north-central Texas, was assessed using the total petroleum system assessment unit concept and a cell-based methodology for continuous-type (Unconventional) resources. The Barnett-Paleozoic total petroleum system is defined in the Bend arch-Fort...
U/Th series radionuclides as coastal groundwater tracers
P.W. Swarzenski
2007, Chemical Reviews (107) 663-674
The study of coastal groundwater has recently surfaced as an active interdisciplinary area of research, driven foremost by its importance as a poorly quantified pathway for subsurface material transport into coastal ecosystems. Key issue in coastal groundwater research include a complete geochemical characterization of the groundwater(s); quantification of the kinetics...
Improved outgassing models for the Landsat-5 thematic mapper
E. Micijevic, G. Chander, R. W. Hayes
2007, Conference Paper, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
The Landsat-5 (L5) Thematic Mapper (TM) detectors of the short wave infrared (SWIR) bands 5 and 7 are maintained on cryogenic temperatures to minimize thermal noise and allow adequate detection of scene energy. Over the instrument's lifetime, gain oscillations are observed in these bands that are caused by an ice-like...
Procedures for the salvage and necropsy of the dugong (Dugong dugon)
Carole Eros, Helene Marsh, Robert K. Bonde, Thomas A. O’Shea, Cathy A. Beck, Cheri Recchia, Kirstin Dobbs, Malcolm Turner, Stephanie Lemm, Rachel Pears, Rachel Bowater
2007, Book
Data and specimens collected from dugong carcasses and live stranded individuals provide vital information for research and management agencies. The ability to assign a cause of death (natural and/or human induced) to a carcass assists managers to identify major threats to a population in certain areas and to evaluate and...
PVTx properties of the CO2-H2O and CO2-H2O-NaCl systems below 647 K: assessment of experimental data and thermodynamic models
Jiawen Hu, Zhenhao Duan, Chen Zhu, I.-M. Chou
2007, Chemical Geology (238) 249-267
Evaluation of CO2 sequestration in formation brine or in seawater needs highly accurate experimental data or models of pressure–volume–temperature-composition (PVTx) properties for the CO2–H2O and CO2–H2O–NaCl systems. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the experimental PVTx properties and the thermodynamic models of these two systems. The following conclusions are drawn from the...
How was the Triassic Songpan-Ganzi basin filled? A provenance study
E. Enkelmann, A. Weislogel, L. Ratschbacher, E. Eide, A. Renno, J. Wooden
2007, Tectonics (26)
The Triassic Songpan-Ganzi complex comprises >200,000 km2 of 5-15 km thick turbiditic sediments. Although surrounded by several magmatic and orogenic belts, the Triassic high- and ultrahigh-pressure Qinling-Tongbai-Hong'an-Dabie (QTHD) orogen, located several hundred kilometers to the east, was proposed as its major source. Middle to Late Triassic samples from the northern...
Killer whales and marine mammal trends in the North Pacific - A re-examination of evidence for sequential megafauna collapse and the prey-switching hypothesis
P.R. Wade, V.N. Burkanov, M.E. Dahlheim, N.A. Friday, L.W. Fritz, Thomas R. Loughlin, S.A. Mizroch, M.M. Muto, D.W. Rice, L. G. Barrett-Lennard, N.A. Black, A.M. Burdin, J. Calambokidis, S. Cerchio, J.K.B. Ford, J.K. Jacobsen, C.O. Matkin, D.R. Matkin, A.V. Mehta, R.J. Small, J.M. Straley, S.M. McCluskey, G.R. VanBlaricom, P.J. Clapham
2007, Marine Mammal Science (23) 766-802
Springer et al. (2003) contend that sequential declines occurred in North Pacific populations of harbor and fur seals, Steller sea lions, and sea otters. They hypothesize that these were due to increased predation by killer whales, when industrial whaling's removal of large whales as a supposed primary food source precipitated...
Cosmogenic 10Be and 36Cl geochronology of offset alluvial fans along the northern Death Valley fault zone: Implications for transient strain in the eastern California shear zone
K.L. Frankel, K.S. Brantley, J.F. Dolan, R.C. Finkel, R.E. Klinger, J.R. Knott, M. N. Machette, L.A. Owen, F. M. Phillips, J. L. Slate, B.P. Wernicke
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (112)
The northern Death Valley fault zone (NDVFZ) has long been recognized as a major right-lateral strike-slip fault in the eastern California shear zone (ECSZ). However, its geologic slip rate has been difficult to determine. Using high-resolution digital topographic imagery and terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide dating, we present the first geochronologically determined...
Survival and tag retention of Pacific lamprey larvae and macrophthalmia marked with coded wire tags
M.H. Meeuwig, A.L. Puls, J.M. Bayer
2007, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (27) 96-102
We examined the survival, tag retention, and growth of Pacific lamprey Lampetra tridentata larvae and macrophthalmia marked with standard-length decimal coded wire tags and exposed to two levels of handling stress. The survival of marked individuals did not differ from that of unmarked individuals at either life stage for the...
Physical and hormonal examination of Missouri River shovelnose sturgeon reproductive stage: A reference guide
M. L. Wildhaber, D. M. Papoulias, A. J. DeLonay, D. E. Tillitt, J.L. Bryan, M.L. Annis
2007, Journal of Applied Ichthyology (23) 382-401
From May 2001 to June 2002 Wildhaber et al. (2005) conducted monthly sampling of Lower Missouri River shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus) to develop methods for determination of sex and the reproductive stage of sturgeons in the field. Shovelnose sturgeon were collected from the Missouri River and ultrasonic and endoscopic imagery and...
The influence of major dams on hydrology through the drainage network of the Sacramento River basin, California
M.B. Singer
2007, River Research and Applications (23) 55-72
This paper reports basinwide patterns of hydrograph alteration via statistical and graphical analysis from a network of long-term streamflow gauges located various distances downstream of major dams and confluences in the Sacramento River basin in California, USA. Streamflow data from 10 gauging stations downstream of major dams were divided into...
Does avian species richness in natural patch mosaics follow the forest fragmentation paradigm?
D.C. Pavlacky Jr., S.H. Anderson
2007, Animal Conservation (10) 57-68
As one approaches the north-eastern limit of pinyon (Pinus spp.) juniper (Juniperus spp.) vegetation on the Colorado Plateau, USA, woodland patches become increasingly disjunct, grading into sagebrush (Artemisia spp.)-dominated landscapes. Patterns of avian species richness in naturally heterogeneous forests may or may not respond to patch discontinuity in the same...
Structure and composition of a watershed-scale sediment information network
W. R. Osterkamp, J. R. Gray, J.B. Laronne, J.R. Martin
2007, International Journal of Sediment Research (22) 238-246
A 'Watershed-Scale Sediment Information Network' (WaSSIN), designed to complement UNESCO's International Sedimentation Initiative, was endorsed as an initial project by the World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research. WaSSIN is to address global fluvial-sediment information needs through a network approach based on consistent protocols for the collection, analysis, and storage...
The case for infrasound as the long-range map cue in avian navigation
J.T. Hagstrum
2007, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Annual Meeting - Institute of Navigation
Of the various 'map' and 'compass' components of Kramer's avian navigational model, the long-range map component is the least well understood. In this paper atmospheric infrasounds are proposed as the elusive longrange cues constituting the avian navigational map. Although infrasounds were considered a viable candidate for the avian map in...
Estimating biomass of submersed vegetation using a simple rake sampling technique
K.P. Kenow, J.E. Lyon, R. K. Hines, A. Elfessi
2007, Hydrobiologia (575) 447-454
We evaluated the use of a simple rake sampling technique for predicting the biomass of submersed aquatic vegetation. Vegetation sampled from impounded areas of the Mississippi River using a rake sampling technique, was compared with vegetation harvested from 0.33-m2 quadrats. The resulting data were used to model the relationship between...
