Abundant carbon in the mantle beneath Hawai`i
Kyle R. Anderson, Michael P. Poland
2017, Nature Geoscience (10) 704-708
Estimates of carbon concentrations in Earth’s mantle vary over more than an order of magnitude, hindering our ability to understand mantle structure and mineralogy, partial melting, and the carbon cycle. CO2 concentrations in mantle-derived magmas supplying hotspot ocean island volcanoes yield our most direct constraints on mantle carbon, but are...
Mathematical models for plant-herbivore interactions
Zhilan Feng, Donald L. DeAngelis
2017, Book
Mathematical Models of Plant-Herbivore Interactions addresses mathematical models in the study of practical questions in ecology, particularly factors that affect herbivory, including plant defense, herbivore natural enemies, and adaptive herbivory, as well as the effects of these on plant community dynamics. The result of extensive research on the use of mathematical modeling...
Comparing automated classification and digitization approaches to detect change in eelgrass bed extent during restoration of a large river delta
Anna Elizabeth Davenport, Jerry D. Davis, Isa Woo, Eric E. Grossman, Jesse B. Barham, Christopher S. Ellings, John Y. Takekawa
2017, Northwest Science (91) 272-282
Native eelgrass (Zostera marina) is an important contributor to ecosystem services that supplies cover for juvenile fish, supports a variety of invertebrate prey resources for fish and waterbirds, provides substrate for herring roe consumed by numerous fish and birds, helps stabilize sediment, and sequesters organic carbon. Seagrasses are in decline...
Crossing boundaries in a collaborative modeling workspace
Jeffrey T. Morisette, Amanda E. Cravens, Brian W. Miller, Marian Talbert, Colin Talbert, Catherine S. Jarnevich, Michelle Fink, Karin Decker, Eric Odell
2017, Society and Natural Resources (30) 1158-1167
There is substantial literature on the importance of bridging across disciplinary and science–management boundaries. One of the ways commonly suggested to cross boundaries is for participants from both sides of the boundary to jointly produce information (i.e., knowledge co-production). But simply providing tools or bringing people together in the same...
Modifications to EPA Method 3060A to Improve Extraction of Cr(VI) from Chromium Ore Processing Residue-Contaminated Soils
Christopher T. Mills, Carleton R. Bern, Ruth E. Wolf, Andrea L. Foster, Jean M. Morrison, William Benzel
2017, Environmental Science & Technology (51) 11235-11243
It has been shown that EPA Method 3060A does not adequately extract Cr(VI) from chromium ore processing residue (COPR). We modified various parameters of EPA 3060A toward understanding the transformation of COPR minerals in the alkaline extraction and improving extraction of Cr(VI) from NIST SRM 2701, a standard COPR-contaminated soil....
Assessment of forest degradation in Vietnam using Landsat time series data
James Vogelmann, Phung Van Khoa, Xuan Lan, Jacob S. Shermeyer, Hua Shi, Michael C. Wimberly, Hoang Tat Duong, Le Van Huong
2017, Forests (8) 1-22
Landsat time series data were used to characterize forest degradation in Lam Dong Province, Vietnam. We conducted three types of image change analyses using Landsat time series data to characterize the land cover changes. Our analyses concentrated on the timeframe of 1973–2014, with much emphasis on the latter part of...
Coastal eolian sand-ramp development related to paleo-sea-level changes during the Latest Pleistocene and Holocene (21–0 ka) in San Miguel Island, California, U.S.A.
Curt D. Peterson, Jon M. Erlandson, Errol Stock, Steven W. Hostetler, David M. Price
2017, Journal of Coastal Research (33) 1022-1037
Coastal eolian sand ramps (5–130 m elevation) on the northern slope (windward) side of the small San Miguel Island (13 km in W-E length) range in age from late Pleistocene to modern time, though a major hiatus in sand-ramp growth occurred during the early Holocene marine transgression (16–9 ka). The...
Diel variation in detection and vocalization rates of king (Rallus elegans) and clapper (Rallus crepitans) rails in intracoastal waterways
Lydia L. Stiffler, James T. Anderson, Amy B. Welsh, Sergio R. Harding, Gary R. Costanzo, Todd E. Katzner
2017, Waterbirds (40) 263-271
Surveys for secretive marsh birds could be improved with refinements to address regional and species-specific variation in detection probabilities and optimal times of day to survey. Diel variation in relation to naïve occupancy, detection rates, and vocalization rates of King (Rallus elegans) and Clapper (R. crepitans) rails were studied in...
Hawai`i forest bird monitoring database: Database dictionary
Richard J. Camp, Ayesha Genz
2017, Technical Report HCSU-039
Between 1976 and 1981, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (now U.S. Geological Survey – Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center [USGS-PIERC]) conducted systematic surveys of forest birds and plant communities on all the main Hawaiian Islands, except O‘ahu, as part of the Hawai‘i Forest Bird Surveys (HFBS). Results of this...
The geologic, geomorphic, and hydrologic context underlying options for long-term management of the Spirit Lake outlet near Mount St. Helens, Washington
Gordon E. Grant, Jon J. Major, Sarah L. Lewis
2017, General Technical Report PNW-GTR-954
The 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens produced a massive landslide and consequent pyroclastic currents, deposits of which blocked the outlet to Spirit Lake. Without an outlet, the lake began to rise, threatening a breaching of the blockage and release of a massive volume of water. To mitigate the hazard...
Climate change-driven cliff and beach evolution at decadal to centennial time scales
Li H. Erikson, Andrea C. O'Neill, Patrick L. Barnard, Sean Vitousek, Patrick W. Limber
2017, Conference Paper, Proceedings Coastal Dynamics 2017
Here we develop a computationally efficient method that evolves cross-shore profiles of sand beaches with or without cliffs along natural and urban coastal environments and across expansive geographic areas at decadal to centennial time-scales driven by 21st century climate change projections. The model requires projected sea level rise rates, extrema...
It is the time for oceanic seabirds: Tracking year-round distribution of gadfly petrels across the Atlantic Ocean
Raul Ramos, Nicholas Carlile, Jeremy Madeiros, Ivan Ramirez, Vitor H. Paiva, Herculano A. Dinis, Francis Zino, Manuel Biscoito, Gustavo R. Leal, Leandro Bugoni, Patrick G.R. Jodice, Peter G. Ryan, Jacob Gonzalez-Solis
2017, Diversity and Distributions (23) 794-805
AimAnthropogenic activities alter and constrain the structure of marine ecosystems with implications for wide-ranging marine vertebrates. In spite of the environmental importance of vast oceanic ecosystems, most conservation efforts mainly focus on neritic areas. To identify relevant oceanic areas for conservation, we assessed the year-round spatial distribution and spatio-temporal overlap...
Conservation endocrinology
Stephen D. McCormick, L. Michael Romero
2017, BioScience (67) 429-442
Endocrinologists can make significant contributions to conservation biology by helping to understand the mechanisms by which organisms cope with changing environments. Field endocrine techniques have advanced rapidly in recent years and can provide substantial information on the growth, stress, and reproductive status of individual animals, thereby providing insight into current...
Luminescence dating of paleolake deltas and glacial deposits in Garwood Valley, Antarctica: Implications for climate, Ross ice sheet dynamics, and paleolake duration
Joseph S. Levy, Tammy M. Rittenour, Andrew G. Fountain, Jim E. O'Connor
2017, GSA Bulletin (129) 1071-1084
The formation of perched deltas and other lacustrine deposits in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica is widely considered to be evidence of valley-filling lakes dammed by the grounded Ross Sea ice sheet during the local Last Glacial Maximum, with lake drainage interpreted as a record...
Landscape- and local-scale habitat influences on occupancy and detection probability of stream-dwelling crayfish: Implications for conservation
Daniel D. Magoulick, Robert J. DiStefano, Emily M. Imhoff, Matthew S. Nolen, Brian K. Wagner
2017, Hydrobiologia (799) 217-231
Crayfish are ecologically important in freshwater systems worldwide and are imperiled in North America and globally. We sought to examine landscape- to local-scale environmental variables related to occupancy and detection probability of a suite of stream-dwelling crayfish species. We used a quantitative kickseine method to sample crayfish presence at 102...
Volcano Geodesy: Recent developments and future challenges
Jose F. Fernandez, Antonio Pepe, Michael P. Poland, Freysteinn Sigmundsson
2017, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (344) 1-12
Ascent of magma through Earth's crust is normally associated with, among other effects, ground deformation and gravity changes. Geodesy is thus a valuable tool for monitoring and hazards assessment during volcanic unrest, and it provides valuable data for exploring the geometry and volume of magma plumbing systems. Recent decades have...
Comparison of acoustic recorders and field observers for monitoring tundra bird communities
Skyler T. Vold, Colleen M. Handel, Lance B. McNew
2017, Wildlife Society Bulletin (41) 566-576
Acoustic recorders can be useful for studying bird populations but their efficiency and accuracy should be assessed in pertinent ecological settings before use. We investigated the utility of an acoustic recorder for monitoring abundance of tundra‐breeding birds relative to point‐count surveys in northwestern Alaska, USA, during 2014. Our objectives were...
Evolution of strain localization in variable-width three-dimensional unsaturated laboratory-scale cut slopes
Michael S. Morse, Ning Lu, Alexandra Wayllace, Jonathan W. Godt
2017, Journal of Engineering Mechanics (143)
To experimentally validate a recently developed theory for predicting the stability of cut slopes under unsaturated conditions, the authors measured increasing strain localization in unsaturated slope cuts prior to abrupt failure. Cut slope width and moisture content were controlled and varied in a laboratory, and a sliding door that extended...
Screening of duplicated loci reveals hidden divergence patterns in a complex salmonid genome
Morten T. Limborg, Wesley Larson, Lisa W. Seeb, James E. Seeb
2017, Molecular Ecology (26) 4509-4522
A whole-genome duplication (WGD) doubles the entire genomic content of a species and is thought to have catalysed adaptive radiation in some polyploid-origin lineages. However, little is known about general consequences of a WGD because gene duplicates (i.e., paralogs) are commonly filtered in genomic studies; such filtering may remove substantial...
Persistent slip rate discrepancies in the eastern California (USA) shear zone: Reply
Eileen Evans
2017, Geology (45)
No abstract available....
Survival of the endangered Pima pineapple cactus: Does clearing before prescribed fire alter survival postfire?
Kathryn A. Thomas, Christopher Jarchow, Julie A. Crawford
2017, Southwestern Naturalist (62) 200-206
Federal land managers and ranchers often use prescribed fire as a tool to reduce invading woody plants within desert grasslands of the arid southwestern United States. Managers must evaluate the threat of the burn toward the health and survival of plants of concern including how preemptive clearing before prescribed fire...
Incorporating evolutionary insights to improve ecotoxicology for freshwater species
Steven P. Brady, Jonathan L. Richardson, Bethany K. Kunz
2017, Evolutionary Applications (10) 829-838
Ecotoxicological studies have provided extensive insights into the lethal and sublethal effects of environmental contaminants. These insights are critical for environmental regulatory frameworks, which rely on knowledge of toxicity for developing policies to manage contaminants. While varied approaches have been applied to ecotoxicological questions, perspectives related to the evolutionary history...
Estimating age at a specified length from the von Bertalanffy growth function
Derek H. Ogle, Daniel A. Isermann
2017, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (37) 1176-1180
Estimating the time required (i.e., age) for fish in a population to reach a specific length (e.g., legal harvest length) is useful for understanding population dynamics and simulating the potential effects of length-based harvest regulations. The age at which a population reaches a specific mean length is typically estimated by...
A comment on “temporal variation in survival and recovery rates of lesser scaup”
Mark S. Lindberg, G. Scott Boomer, Joel A. Schmutz, Johann A. Walker
2017, Journal of Wildlife Management (81) 1138-1141
Concerns about declines in the abundance of lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) have promoted a number of analyses to understand reasons for this decline. Unfortunately, most of these analyses, including that of Arnold et al. (2016 Journal of Wildlife Management 80: 850–861), are based on observational studies leading to weak inference....
Effects of breeder turnover and harvest on group composition and recruitment in a social carnivore
David E. Ausband, Michael S. Mitchell, Lisette P. Waits
2017, Journal of Animal Ecology (86) 1094-1101
Breeder turnover can influence population growth in social carnivores through changes to group size, composition and recruitment.Studies that possess detailed group composition data that can provide insights about the effects of breeder turnover on groups have generally been conducted on species that are not subject to recurrent...
