Incised valley fill interpretation for Mississippian Black Hand Sandstone, Appalachian Basin, USA: Implications for glacial eustasy at Kinderhookian-Osagean (Tn2-Tn3) boundary
D.L. Matchen, T. W. Kammer
2006, Sedimentary Geology (191) 89-113
Lower Mississippian strata of east-central Ohio are predominantly fine-grained marine deposits of the Cuyahoga and Logan formations. Within these sediments is the Black Hand Sandstone of the Cuyahoga Formation. The Black Hand Sandstone is a multistory, crossbedded, coarse-grained conglomeratic sandstone. The contact between the Black Hand Sandstone and the subjacent...
Arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury in surface soils, Pueblo, Colorado: Implications for population health risk
D.M. Diawara, J.S. Litt, D. Unis, N. Alfonso, L.A. Martinez, J.G. Crock, D. B. Smith, J. Carsella
2006, Environmental Geochemistry and Health (28) 297-315
Decades of intensive industrial and agricultural practices as well as rapid urbanization have left communities like Pueblo, Colorado facing potential health threats from pollution of its soils, air, water and food supply. To address such concerns about environmental contamination, we conducted an urban geochemical study of the city of Pueblo...
Relevance of cryptic fishes in biodiversity assessments: A case study at Buck Island Reef National Monument, St. Croix
W. F. Smith-Vaniz, H.L. Jelks, L.A. Rocha
2006, Bulletin of Marine Science (79) 17-48
Because cryptic fishes are difficult to accurately survey, they are undersampled components of coral reef habitats, and their ecological roles have been generally ignored. Fifty-eight enclosed stations were sampled in shoreline, nearshore reef, lagoon, backreef, forereef, and bank/shelf habitats with an ichthyocide (rotenone) at Buck Island Reef National Monument, St....
A search for scale in sea-level studies
C.E. Larsen, I. Clark
2006, Journal of Coastal Research (22) 788-800
Many researchers assume a proportional relationship among the atmospheric CO2 concentration, temperature, and sea level. Thus, the rate of sea-level rise should increase in concert with the documented exponential increase in CO2. Although sea surface temperature has increased in places over the past century and short-term sea level rose abruptly...
Proximate and landscape factors influence grassland bird distributions
M.A. Cunningham, Douglas H. Johnson
2006, Ecological Applications (16) 1062-1075
Ecologists increasingly recognize that birds can respond to features well beyond their normal areas of activity, but little is known about the relative importance of landscapes and proximate factors or about the scales of landscapes that influence bird distributions. We examined the influences of tree cover at both proximate and...
Size dimorphism, molt status, and body mass variation of Prairie Falcons nesting in the Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area
Karen Steenhof, James O. McKinley
2006, Journal of Raptor Research (40) 71-75
Birds face challenges in how they allocate energy during the reproductive season. Most temperate zone species do not breed and molt at the same time, presumably because of the high energy demands of these two activities (Espie et al. 1996 and citations therein). However, representatives of at least four raptor...
Effects of radiomarking on prairie falcons: Attachment failures provide insights about survival
Karen Steenhof, Kirk K. Bates, Mark R. Fuller, Michael N. Kochert, James O. McKinley, Paul M. Lukacs
2006, Wildlife Society Bulletin (34) 116-126
From 1999–2002, we attached satellite-received platform transmitter terminals (PTTs) to 40 adult female prairie falcons (Falco mexicanus) on their nesting grounds in the Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area (NCA) in southwest Idaho. We used 3 variations of a backpack harness design that had been used previously on...
Albatross species demonstrate regional differences in North Pacific marine contamination
M. Finkelstein, B.S. Keitt, D.A. Croll, B. Tershy, Walter M. Jarman, S. Rodriguez-Pastor, D.J. Anderson, P.R. Sievert, D. R. Smith
2006, Ecological Applications (16) 678-686
Recent concern about negative effects on human health from elevated organochlorine and mercury concentrations in marine foods has highlighted the need to understand temporal and spatial patterns of marine pollution. Seabirds, long-lived pelagic predators with wide foraging ranges, can be used as indicators of regional contaminant patterns across large temporal...
Demographic patterns of postfire regeneration in Mediterranean-climate shrublands of California
Jon E. Keeley, C. J. Fotheringham, M. Baer-Keeley
2006, Ecological Monographs (76) 235-255
This study uses detailed demographic data to determine the extent to which functional groupings, based on seedling recruitment and resprouting response to fire, capture the dynamics of postfire responses and early successional change in fire-prone ecosystems. Following massive wildfires in southern California, USA, we sampled chaparral and sage scrub vegetation...
Secondary gas emissions during coal desorption, Marathon Grassim Oskolkoff-1 Well, Cook Inlet Basin, Alaska: Implications for resource assessment
C.E. Barker, T. Dallegge
2006, Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology (54) 273-291
Cuttings samples of sub-bituminous humic coals from the Oligocene to Pliocene Tyonek Formation, Cook Inlet Basin, Alaska show secondary gas emissions whose geochemistry is consistent with renewed microbial methanogenesis during canister desorption. The renewed methanogenesis was noted after initial desorption measurements had ceased and a canister had an air and...
Testing the use of aeromagnetic data for the determination of Curie depth in California
H.E. Ross, R.J. Blakely, Mark D. Zoback
2006, Geophysics (71)
Using California as a test region, we have examined the feasibility of using Curie-isotherm depths, estimated from magnetic anomalies, as a proxy for lithospheric thermal structure. Our method follows previous studies by dividing a regional aeromagnetic database into overlapping subregions and analyzing the power-density spectrum of each subregion, but we...
On the interpretation of energy and energy fluxes of nonlinear internal waves: An example from Massachusetts Bay
A. Scotti, R. Beardsley, B. Butman
2006, Journal of Fluid Mechanics (561) 103-112
A self-consistent formalism to estimate baroclinic energy densities and fluxes resulting from the propagation of internal waves of arbitrary amplitude is derived using the concept of available potential energy. The method can be applied to numerical, laboratory or field data. The total energy flux is shown to be the sum...
Quantifying surface water–groundwater interactions using time series analysis of streambed thermal records: Method development
Christine E Hatch, Andrew T. Fisher, Justin S. Revenaugh, Jim Constantz, Chris Ruehl
2006, Water Resources Research (42)
We present a method for determining streambed seepage rates using time series thermal data. The new method is based on quantifying changes in phase and amplitude of temperature variations between pairs of subsurface sensors. For a reasonable range of streambed thermal properties and sensor spacings the time series method should...
Using self-organizing maps to determine observation threshold limit predictions in highly variant data
C.A. Paganoni, K.C. Chang, M. B. Robblee
2006, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
A significant data quality challenge for highly variant systems surrounds the limited ability to quantify operationally reasonable limits on the data elements being collected and provide reasonable threshold predictions. In many instances, the number of influences that drive a resulting value or operational range is too large to enable physical...
One-way coupling of an atmospheric and a hydrologic model in Colorado
L.E. Hay, M.P. Clark, M. Pagowski, G.H. Leavesley, W.J. Gutowski
2006, Journal of Hydrometeorology (7) 569-589
This paper examines the accuracy of high-resolution nested mesoscale model simulations of surface climate. The nesting capabilities of the atmospheric fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University (PSU)-National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) were used to create high-resolution, 5-yr climate simulations (from 1 October 1994 through 30 September 1999), starting...
Distribution and relative abundance of forest birds in relation to burn severity in southeastern Arizona
C. Kirkpatrick, C.J. Conway, P.B. Jones
2006, Journal of Wildlife Management (70) 1005-1012
The frequency of wild and prescribed fires in montane forests of the southwestern United States has increased after a century of fire suppression and subsequent fuels accumulation. To assess the effects of recent fires (median time since fire = 6 yr) on the montane forest bird community, we surveyed birds...
Use of plume mapping data to estimate chlorinated solvent mass loss
J.R. Barbaro, P.P. Neupane
2006, Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (26) 115-127
Results from a plume mapping study from November 2000 through February 2001 in the sand-and-gravel surficial aquifer at Dover Air Force Base, Delaware, were used to assess the occurrence and extent of chlorinated solvent mass loss by calculating mass fluxes across two transverse cross sections and by observing changes in...
Blood lead levels of wild Steller's eiders (Polysticta stelleri) and black scoters (Melanitta nigra) in Alaska using a portable blood lead analyzer
Corrine S. Brown, Joanne Luebbert, Daniel M. Mulcahy, Jason L. Schamber, Daniel H. Rosenberg
2006, Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine (37) 361-365
Sea duck populations are declining in Alaska. The reasons for the decline are not known; environmental lead exposure is one suspected cause. Thirty wild Steller's eider ducks (Polysticta stelleri) and 40 wild black scoter ducks (Melanitta nigra) were tested for blood lead levels using a portable blood lead analyzer (LeadCare;...
Orientation-independent measures of ground motion
D.M. Boore, Jennie Watson-Lamprey, N. A. Abrahamson
2006, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (96) 1502-1511
The geometric mean of the response spectra for two orthogonal horizontal components of motion, commonly used as the response variable in predictions of strong ground motion, depends on the orientation of the sensors as installed in the field. This means that the measure of ground-motion intensity could differ for the...
A multivariate model of plant species richness in forested systems: Old-growth montane forests with a long history of fire
D.C. Laughlin, J.B. Grace
2006, Oikos (114) 60-70
Recently, efforts to develop multivariate models of plant species richness have been extended to include systems where trees play important roles as overstory elements mediating the influences of environment and disturbance on understory richness. We used structural equation modeling to examine the relationship of understory vascular plant species richness to...
Spectroscopic mapping of the white horse alunite deposit, Marysvale volcanic field, Utah: Evidence of a magmatic component
B.W. Rockwell, C. G. Cunningham, G. N. Breit, R. O. Rye
2006, Economic Geology (101) 1377-1395
Previous studies have demonstrated that the replacement alunite deposits just north of the town of Marysvale, Utah, USA, were formed primarily by low-temperature (100??-170?? C), steam-heated processes near the early Miocene paleoground surface, immediately above convecting hydrothermal plumes. Pyrite-bearing propylitically altered rocks occur mainly beneath the steam-heated alunite and represent...
Electrical resistance sensors record spring flow timing, Grand Canyon, Arizona
E.A. Adams, S. A. Monroe, Abraham E. Springer, K.W. Blasch, D. J. Bills
2006, Ground Water (44) 630-641
Springs along the south rim of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, are important ecological and cultural resources in Grand Canyon National Park and are discharge points for regional and local aquifers of the Coconino Plateau. This study evaluated the applicability of electrical resistance (ER) sensors for measuring diffuse, low-stage (<1.0 cm)...
Spatio-temporal availability of soft mast in clearcuts in the Southern Appalachians
M. J. Reynolds-Hogland, M.S. Mitchell, R. A. Powell
2006, Forest Ecology and Management (237) 103-114
Soft mast is an important resource for many wild populations in the Southern Appalachians, yet the way clear-cutting affects availability of soft mast though time is not fully understood. We tested a theoretical model of temporal availability of soft mast in clearcuts using empirical data on percent cover and berry...
Developing a map of geologically defined site-condition categories for California
C.J. Wills, K.B. Clahan
2006, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (96) 1483-1501
Consideration of site conditions is a vital step in analyzing and predicting earthquake ground motion. The importance of amplification by soil conditions has long been recognized, but though many seismic-instrument sites have been characterized by their geologic conditions, there has been no consistent, simple classification applied to all sites. As...
Titan: Preliminary results on surface properties and photometry from VIMS observations of the early flybys
B. J. Buratti, Christophe Sotin, R. H. Brown, M.D. Hicks, R. N. Clark, J. A. Mosher, T. B. McCord, R. Jaumann, K. H. Baines, P. D. Nicholson, T. Momary, D.P. Simonelli, B. Sicardy
2006, Planetary and Space Science (54) 1498-1509
Cassini observations of the surface of Titan offer unprecedented views of its surface through atmospheric windows in the 1-5 ??m region. Images obtained in windows for which the haze opacity is low can be used to derive quantitative photometric parameters such as albedo and albedo distribution, and physical properties such...
