Conservation status of imperiled north American freshwater and diadromous fishes
H.L. Jelks, S. J. Walsh, N.M. Burkhead, Salvador Contreras-Balderas, E. Diaz-Pardo, D.A. Hendrickson, J. Lyons, N.E. Mandrak, F. McCormick, Joseph S. Nelson, Steven P. Platania, B.A. Porter, C.B. Renaud, J. J. Schmitter-Soto, E.B. Taylor, M.L. Warren Jr.
2008, Fisheries (33) 372-407
This is the third compilation of imperiled (i.e., endangered, threatened, vulnerable) plus extinct freshwater and diadromous fishes of North America prepared by the American Fisheries Society's Endangered Species Committee. Since the last revision in 1989, imperilment of inland fishes has increased substantially. This list includes 700 extant taxa representing 133...
Prioritizing conservation effort through the use of biological soil crusts as ecosystem function indicators in an arid region
M. A. Bowker, M. E. Miller, J. Belnap, T.D. Sisk, N.C. Johnson
2008, Conservation Biology (22) 1533-1543
Conservation prioritization usually focuses on conservation of rare species or biodiversity, rather than ecological processes. This is partially due to a lack of informative indicators of ecosystem function. Biological soil crusts (BSCs) trap and retain soil and water resources in arid ecosystems and function as major carbon and nitrogen fixers;...
Metalliferous sediment and a silica-hematite deposit within the Blanco fracture zone, Northeast Pacific
J.R. Hein, D.A. Clague, R.A. Koski, R.W. Embley, R.E. Dunham
2008, Marine Georesources and Geotechnology (26) 317-339
A Tiburon ROV dive within the East Blanco Depression (EBD) increased the mapped extent of a known hydrothermal field by an order of magnitude. In addition, a unique opal-CT (cristobalite-tridymite)-hematite mound was discovered, and mineralized sediments and rock were collected and analyzed. Silica-hematite mounds have not previously been found on...
An adaptive two-stage sequential design for sampling rare and clustered populations
J.A. Brown, M.M. Salehi, M. Moradi, G. Bell, D. R. Smith
2008, Population Ecology (50) 239-245
How to design an efficient large-area survey continues to be an interesting question for ecologists. In sampling large areas, as is common in environmental studies, adaptive sampling can be efficient because it ensures survey effort is targeted to subareas of high interest. In two-stage sampling, higher density primary sample units...
Abyssal ostracods from the South and Equatorial Atlantic Ocean: Biological and paleoceanographic implications
Moriaki Yasuhara, T. M. Cronin, Arbizu P. Martinez
2008, Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers (55) 490-497
We report the distribution of ostracods from ???5000 m depth from the Southeast and Equatorial Atlantic Ocean recovered from the uppermost 10 cm of minimally disturbed sediments taken by multiple-corer during the R/V Meteor DIVA2 expedition M63.2. Five cores yielded the following major deep-sea genera: Krithe, Henryhowella, Poseidonamicus, Legitimocythere, Pseudobosquetina,...
Introduction to the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) of ground-water quality trends and comparison to other national programs
Michael R. Rosen, W.W. Lapham
2008, Conference Paper, Journal of Environmental Quality
Assessment of temporal trends in national ground-water quality networks are rarely published in scientific journals. This is partly due to the fact that long-term data from these types of networks are uncommon and because many national monitoring networks are not driven by hypotheses that can be easily incorporated into scientific...
Development and evaluation of geochemical methods for the sourcing of archaeological maize
L. V. Benson, Howard E. Taylor, K.A. Peterson, B.D. Shattuck, C.A. Ramotnik, J.R. Stein
2008, Journal of Archaeological Science (35) 912-921
Strontium (Sr)-isotope values on bone from deer mice pairs from 12 field sites in the Chaco Canyon area, New Mexico, were compared with isotope values of synthetic soil waters from the same fields. The data indicate that mice obtain Sr from near-surface sources and that soil samples collected at depths...
Reproductive ecology of Actinonaias ligamentina (Bivalvia:Unionidae) in a regulated river
K.R. Moles, J.B. Layzer
2008, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (27) 212-222
Factors affecting the reproductive success of freshwater mussels in lotic systems are poorly understood. Gravidity, fecundity, and fertilization success of Actinonaias ligamentina were examined at 4 sites along a 63-km reach of the Green River immediately below the Green River Dam, Kentucky. No gravid females were collected at the site...
Pesticides in rain in four agricultural watersheds in the United States
Jason R. Vogel, Michael S. Majewski, Paul D. Capel
2008, Journal of Environmental Quality (37) 1101-1115
Rainfall samples were collected during the 2003 and 2004 growing seasons at four agricultural locales across the USA in Maryland, Indiana, Nebraska, and California. The samples were analyzed for 21 insecticides, 18 herbicides, three fungicides, and 40 pesticide degradates. Data from all sites combined show that 7 of the 10...
Demography and movement in a relocated population of Oregon Spotted Frogs (Rana pretiosa): Influence of season and gender
N.D. Chelgren, C.A. Pearl, M.J. Adams, J. Bowerman
2008, Copeia 742-751
We used five years of recapture data and Bayesian estimation to assess seasonal survival, movement, and growth of Oregon Spotted Frogs (Rana pretiosa) relocated into created ponds at Dilman Meadow in Oregon, USA. We evaluate hypotheses specific to the relocation and elucidate aspects of R. pretiosa life history that are...
Paired charcoal and tree-ring records of high-frequency Holocene fire from two New Mexico bog sites
Craig D. Allen, R. Scott Anderson, R.B. Jass, J.L. Toney, C.H. Baisan
2008, International Journal of Wildland Fire (17) 115-130
Two primary methods for reconstructing paleofire occurrence include dendrochronological dating of fire scars and stand ages from live or dead trees (extending back centuries into the past) and sedimentary records of charcoal particles from lakes and bogs, providing perspectives on fire history that can extend back for many thousands of...
Temporal trends in nitrate and selected pesticides in mid-atlantic ground water
L.M. Debrewer, S.W. Ator, J. M. Denver
2008, Conference Paper, Journal of Environmental Quality
Evaluating long-term temporal trends in regional ground-water quality is complicated by variable hydrogeologic conditions and typically slow flow, and such trends have rarely been directly measured. Ground-water samples were collected over near-decadal and annual intervals from unconfined aquifers in agricultural areas of the Mid-Atlantic region, including fractured carbonate rocks in...
At-sea distribution of radio-marked Ashy Storm-Petrels Oceanodroma homochroa captured on the California Channel Islands
J. Adams, John Y. Takekawa
2008, Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation (36) 9-17
Small, rare and wide-ranging pelagic birds are difficult to locate and observe at sea; little is therefore known regarding individual movements and habitat affinities among many of the world's storm-petrels (Family Hydrobatidae). We re-located 57 of 70 radio-marked Ashy Storm-Petrels Oceanodroma homochroa captured at three colonies in the California Channel...
Recent extreme avalanches: Triggered by climate change?
C. Huggel, J. Caplan-Auerbach, Rick Wessels
2008, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (89) 469-470
On 25 September 2008, seismo meters operated by the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) registered strong ground shaking. On the basis of previous experience with such large seismic signals, AVO personnel were able to rapidly identify the seismic event as an avalanche. Two days later, an AVO overflight of Iliamna volcano,...
The 8 October 2006 Md 4.5 Cowlitz chimneys earthquake in Mount Rainier National Park
J. Renate Hartog, Joan S. Gomberg, Seth C. Moran, Amy K. Wright, Karen L. Meagher
2008, Seismological Research Letters (79) 186-193
An Md 4.5 earthquake located ∼12 km east of Mount Rainier occurred on 8 October 2006 at 02:48 UTC (figure 1). Although not large enough to be damaging or of major tectonic significance, a summary description of the earthquake is warranted because of its proximity to Mount...
Predators of Greater Sage-Grouse nests identified by video monitoring
P.S. Coates, J.W. Connelly, D.J. Delehanty
2008, Journal of Field Ornithology (79) 421-428
Nest predation is the primary cause of nest failure for Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), but the identity of their nest predators is often uncertain. Confirming the identity of these predators may be useful in enhancing management strategies designed to increase nest success. From 2002 to 2005, we monitored 87 Greater...
Does urbanization influence the spatial ecology of Gila monsters in the Sonoran Desert?
M.A. Kwiatkowski, G.W. Schuett, R.A. Repp, E.M. Nowak, B.K. Sullivan
2008, Journal of Zoology (276) 350-357
To assess whether urbanization influences the spatial ecology of a rare and protected venomous reptilian predator, the Gila monster Heloderma suspectum, we compared home range (HR) size and movement parameters at three sites varying in degree of urbanization in the Sonoran Desert. We predicted that the urban population of H....
Rainfall effects on rare annual plants
J.M. Levine, A. K. McEachern, C. Cowan
2008, Journal of Ecology (96) 795-806
Variation in climate is predicted to increase over much of the planet this century. Forecasting species persistence with climate change thus requires understanding of how populations respond to climate variability, and the mechanisms underlying this response. Variable rainfall is well known to drive fluctuations in annual plant populations, yet the...
Terrace aggradation during the 1978 flood on Powder River, Montana, USA
J. A. Moody, R.H. Meade
2008, Geomorphology (99) 387-403
Flood processes no longer actively increase the planform area of terraces. Instead, lateral erosion decreases the area. However, infrequent extreme floods continue episodic aggradation of terraces surfaces. We quantify this type of evolution of terraces by an extreme flood in May 1978 on Powder River in southeastern Montana. Within an...
Efficient estimation of abundance for patchily distributed populations via two-phase, adaptive sampling.
M.J. Conroy, J.P. Runge, R. J. Barker, M.R. Schofield, C.J. Fonnesbeck
2008, Ecology (89) 3362-3370
Many organisms are patchily distributed, with some patches occupied at high density, others at lower densities, and others not occupied. Estimation of overall abundance can be difficult and is inefficient via intensive approaches such as capture-mark-recapture (CMR) or distance sampling. We propose a two-phase sampling scheme and model in a...
Optically stimulated luminescence dating of aeolian sand in the otindag dune field and holocene climate change
Y.L. Zhou, H.Y. Lu, J. Mason, X.D. Miao, J. Swinehart, R. Goble
2008, Science in China, Series D: Earth Sciences (51) 837-847
The dune system in Otindag sand field of northern China is sensitive to climate change, where effective moisture and related vegetation cover play a controlling role for dune activity and stability. Therefore, aeolian deposits may be an archive of past environmental changes, possibly at the millennial scale, but previous studies...
Late Neogene marine incursions and the ancestral Gulf of California
K. McDougall
2008, Conference Paper, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America
The late Neogene section in the Salton Trough, California, and along the lower Colorado River in Arizona is composed of marine units bracketed by nonmarine units. Microfossils from the marine deposits indicate that a marine incursion inundated the Salton Trough during the late Miocene. Water depths increased rapidly in the...
Quaternary paleoceanography of the central Arctic based on Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Arctic Coring Expedition 302 foraminiferal assemblages
T. M. Cronin, S.A. Smith, F. Eynaud, M. O’Regan, J. King
2008, Paleoceanography (23)
The Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Arctic Coring Expedition (ACEX) Hole 4C from the Lomonosov Ridge in the central Arctic Ocean recovered a continuous 18 in record of Quaternary foraminifera yielding evidence for seasonally ice-free interglacials during the Matuyama, progressive development of large glacials during the mid-Pleistocene transition (MPT) ???1.2-0.9...
A review of the endemic Hawaiian Drosophilidae and their host plants
K.N. Magnacca, D. Foote, P. M. O’Grady
2008, Zootaxa 1-58
The Hawaiian Drosophilidae is one of the best examples of rapid speciation in nature. Nearly 1,000 species of endemic drosophilids have evolved in situ in Hawaii since a single colonist arrived over 25 million years ago. A number of mechanisms, including ecological adaptation, sexual selection, and geographic isolation, have been...
Characterization of the shallow groundwater system in an alpine watershed: Handcart Gulch, Colorado, USA
Katherine G. Kahn, Shemin Ge, Jonathan S. Caine, A. Manning
2008, Hydrogeology Journal (16) 103-121
Water-table elevation measurements and aquifer parameter estimates are rare in alpine settings because few wells exist in these environments. Alpine groundwater systems may be a primary source of recharge to regional groundwater flow systems. Handcart Gulch is an alpine watershed in Colorado, USA comprised of highly fractured Proterozoic metamorphic and...
