Capture-related stressors impair immune system function in sablefish
S.C. Lupes, M.W. Davis, B.L. Olla, C.B. Schreck
2006, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (135) 129-138
The sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria is a valuable North Pacific Ocean species that, when not targeted in various commercial fisheries, is often a part of discarded bycatch. Predictions of the survival of discarded fish are dependent on understanding how a fish responds to stressful conditions. Our objective was to describe the...
An improved model for the calculation of CO2 solubility in aqueous solutions containing Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, and SO42-
Zhenhao Duan, R. Sun, Chen Zhu, I.-M. Chou
2006, Marine Chemistry (98) 131-139
An improved model is presented for the calculation of the solubility of carbon dioxide in aqueous solutions containing Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, and SO42- in a wide temperature-pressure-ionic strength range (from 273 to 533 K, from 0 to 2000 bar, and from 0 to 4.5 molality of salts) with...
Long-term dynamics of production, respiration, and net CO2 exchange in two sagebrush-steppe ecosystems
T.G. Gilmanov, T.J. Svejcar, D.A. Johnson, R.F. Angell, Nicanor Z. Saliendra, B.K. Wylie
2006, Rangeland Ecology and Management (59) 585-599
We present a synthesis of long-term measurements of CO2 exchange in 2 US Intermountain West sagebrush-steppe ecosystems. The locations near Burns, Oregon (1995–2001), and Dubois, Idaho (1996–2001), are part of the AgriFlux Network of the Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Measurements of net ecosystem CO2 exchange (Fc)...
The Model Parameter Estimation Experiment (MOPEX): Its structure, connection to other international initiatives and future directions
T. Wagener, T. Hogue, J. Schaake, Q. Duan, H. Gupta, V. Andreassian, A. Hall, G. Leavesley
2006, IAHS-AISH Publication 339-346
The Model Parameter Estimation Experiment (MOPEX) is an international project aimed at developing enhanced techniques for the a priori estimation of parameters in hydrological models and in land surface parameterization schemes connected to atmospheric models. The MOPEX science strategy involves: database creation, a priori parameter estimation methodology development, parameter refinement...
2005 annual progress report: Elk and bison grazing ecology in the Great Sand Dunes complex of lands
Kate A. Schoenecker, Bruce C. Lubow, Linda Zeigenfuss, Julie Mao
2006, Open-File Report 2006-1267
In 2000 the U.S. Congress authorized the expansion of the former Great Sand Dunes National Monument by establishing a new Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve in its place, and establishing the Baca National Wildlife Refuge. The establishment of Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve and the new...
Estimation of temporary emigration in male toads
E. Muths, R. D. Scherer, P.S. Corn, B.A. Lambert
2006, Ecology (87) 1048-1056
Male boreal toads (Bufo boreas) are thought to return to the breeding site every year but, if absent in a particular year, will be more likely to return the following year. Using Pollock's robust design we estimated temporary emigration (the probability a male toad is absent from a breeding site...
A reexamination of age-related variation in body weight and morphometry of Maryland nutria
M. H. Sherfy, T.A. Mollett, K.R. McGowan, S.L. Daugherty
2006, Journal of Wildlife Management (70) 1132-1141
Age-related variation in morphometry has been documented for many species. Knowledge of growth patterns can be useful for modeling energetics, detecting physiological influences on populations, and predicting age. These benefits have shown value in understanding population dynamics of invasive species, particularly in developing efficient control and eradication programs. However, development...
Application of artificial neural networks to assess pesticide contamination in shallow groundwater
G.B. Sahoo, C. Ray, E. Mehnert, D.A. Keefer
2006, Science of the Total Environment (367) 234-251
In this study, a feed-forward back-propagation neural network (BPNN) was developed and applied to predict pesticide concentrations in groundwater monitoring wells. Pesticide concentration data are challenging to analyze because they tend to be highly censored. Input data to the neural network included the categorical indices of depth to aquifer material,...
Distribution of grizzly bears in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, 2004
C.C. Schwartz, M.A. Haroldson, K. Gunther, D. Moody
2006, Ursus (17) 63-66
The US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) proposed delisting the Yellowstone grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis) in November 2005. Part of that process required knowledge of the most current distribution of the species. Here, we update an earlier estimate of occupied range (1990–2000) with data through 2004. We used kernel...
The fitting of general force-of-infection models to wildlife disease prevalence data
D.M. Heisey, D.O. Joly, F. Messier
2006, Ecology (87) 2356-2365
Researchers and wildlife managers increasingly find themselves in situations where they must deal with infectious wildlife diseases such as chronic wasting disease, brucellosis, tuberculosis, and West Nile virus. Managers are often charged with designing and implementing control strategies, and researchers often seek to determine factors that influence and control the...
Traversing a boreal forest landscape: Summer movements of Tule Greater White-fronted Geese
Craig R. Ely, K.S. Bollinger, Jerry W. Hupp, D.V. Derksen, J. Terenzi, John Y. Takekawa, D.L. Orthmeyer, T.C. Rothe, M.J. Petrula, D.R. Yparraguirre
2006, Waterbirds (29) 43-55
We monitored the movement, distribution and site affinities of radio-marked Tule Greater White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons elgasi) during spring and summer in Alaska, 1994-1997 and 2004. Our assessment of summer movements was comprehensive, as locations were obtained during prenesting, nesting, and molt for over 90% of geese with active radios...
Earthquake ground-motion prediction equations for eastern North America
G. M. Atkinson, D.M. Boore
2006, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (96) 2181-2205
New earthquake ground-motion relations for hard-rock and soil sites in eastern North America (ENA), including estimates of their aleatory uncertainty (variability) have been developed based on a stochastic finite-fault model. The model incorporates new information obtained from ENA seismographic data gathered over the past 10 years, including three-component broadband data...
Deschutes Estuary feasibility study: Hydrodynamics and sediment transport modeling
Douglas A. George, Guy Gelfenbaum, Giles Lesser, Andrew W. Stevens
2006, Open-File Report 2006-1318
Continual sediment accumulation in Capitol Lake since the damming of the Deschutes River in 1951 has altered the initial morphology of the basin. As part of the Deschutes River Estuary Feasibility Study (DEFS), the United States Geological Survey (USGS) was tasked to model how tidal and storm processes will influence...
The Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI): 5-year report
Erin Muths, Alisa L. Gallant, Evan H. Campbell Grant, William A. Battaglin, David E. Green, Jennifer S. Staiger, Susan C. Walls, Margaret S. Gunzburger, Rick F. Kearney
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5224
The Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI) is an innovative, multidisciplinary program that began in 2000 in response to a congressional directive for the Department of the Interior to address the issue of amphibian declines in the United States. ARMI’s formulation was cross-disciplinary, integrating U.S. Geological Survey scientists from Biology,...
Prediction of broadband ground-motion time histories: Hybrid low/high-frequency method with correlated random source parameters
P. Liu, R.J. Archuleta, S.H. Hartzell
2006, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (96) 2118-2130
We present a new method for calculating broadband time histories of ground motion based on a hybrid low-frequency/high-frequency approach with correlated source parameters. Using a finite-difference method we calculate low- frequency synthetics (< ∼1 Hz) in a 3D velocity structure. We also compute broadband synthetics in a 1D velocity model...
The chemical quality of self-supplied domestic well water in the United States
Michael J. Focazio, D. Tipton, Stephanie Dunkle Shapiro, Linda H. Geiger
2006, Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (26) 92-104
Existing water quality data collected from domestic wells were summarized to develop the first national‐scale retrospective of self‐supplied drinking water sources. The contaminants evaluated represent a range of inorganic and organic compounds, and although the data set was not originally designed to be a statistical representation...
Neural network prediction of carbonate lithofacies from well logs, Big Bow and Sand Arroyo Creek fields, Southwest Kansas
L. Qi, T.R. Carr
2006, Computers & Geosciences (32) 947-964
In the Hugoton Embayment of southwestern Kansas, St. Louis Limestone reservoirs have relatively low recovery efficiencies, attributed to the heterogeneous nature of the oolitic deposits. This study establishes quantitative relationships between digital well logs and core description data, and applies these relationships in a probabilistic sense to predict lithofacies in...
A trait-based test for habitat filtering: Convex hull volume
W.K. Cornwell, D.W. Schwilk, D. D. Ackerly
2006, Ecology (87) 1465-1471
Community assembly theory suggests that two processes affect the distribution of trait values within communities: competition and habitat filtering. Within a local community, competition leads to ecological differentiation of coexisting species, while habitat filtering reduces the spread of trait values, reflecting shared ecological tolerances. Many statistical tests for the effects...
Fishes associated with North Carolina shelf-edge hardbottoms and initial assessment of a proposed marine protected area
A.M. Quattrini, Steve W. Ross
2006, Bulletin of Marine Science (79) 137-163
Fish community data are limited from deeper shelf-edge hardbottoms along the southeastern U.S. continental shelf. This lack of data Hampers the design of recently proposed marine protected areas (MPAs) on the outer shelf of the southeastern U.S. During 2001-2004, sampling was conducted (57-25 m) to describe habitats and fish communities...
An assessment of bird habitat quality using population growth rates
M. G. Knutson, L.A. Powell, R. K. Hines, M. A. Friberg, G.J. Niemi
2006, Condor (108) 301-314
Survival and reproduction directly affect population growth rate (lambda) making lambda a fundamental parameter for assessing habitat quality. We used field data, literature review, and a computer simulation to predict annual productivity and lambda for several species of landbirds breeding in floodplain and upland forests in the Midwestern United States....
Seasonal migration and environmental conditions of Pacific halibut Hippoglossus stenolepis, elucidated from pop-up archival transmitting (PAT) tags
Timothy Loher, Andrew C. Seitz
2006, Marine Ecology Progress Series (317) 259-271
Pop-up archival transmitting (PAT) tags were used to study the fall migration of halibut in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA). We tagged 6 Pacific halibut Hippoglossus stenolepis on summer feeding grounds in the eastern GOA and another 6 in the western GOA from June 13 to August 6, 2002. The...
Assessment of factors limiting Klamath River fall Chinook salmon production potential using historical flows and temperatures
John M. Bartholow, James A. Henriksen
2006, Open-File Report 2006-1249
We parameterized and applied a deterministic salmon production model to infer the degree to which river flows and temperatures may limit freshwater production potential of the Klamath River in California. Specific parameter requirements, data sources, and significant assumptions are discussed in detail. Model simulations covered a wide variety of historical...
A Bayesian random effects discrete-choice model for resource selection: Population-level selection inference
D.L. Thomas, D. Johnson, B. Griffith
2006, Journal of Wildlife Management (70) 404-412
Modeling the probability of use of land units characterized by discrete and continuous measures, we present a Bayesian random-effects model to assess resource selection. This model provides simultaneous estimation of both individual- and population-level selection. Deviance information criterion (DIC), a Bayesian alternative to AIC that is sample-size specific, is used...
Characterization of surface and ground water δ18O seasonal variation and its use for estimating groundwater residence times
Michael M. Reddy, Paul F. Schuster, Carol Kendall, Micaela B. Reddy
2006, Hydrological Processes (20) 1753-1772
18O is an ideal tracer for characterizing hydrological processes because it can be reliably measured in several watershed hydrological compartments. Here, we present multiyear isotopic data, i.e. 18O variations (δ18O), for precipitation inputs, surface water and groundwater in the Shingobee River Headwaters Area (SRHA), a well-instrumented research catchment in north-central Minnesota....
CO32- concentration and pCO2 thresholds for calcification and dissolution on the Molokai reef flat, Hawaii
K. K. Yates, R. B. Halley
2006, Biogeosciences (3) 357-369
The severity of the impact of elevated atmospheric pCO2 to coral reef ecosystems depends, in part, on how sea-water pCO2 affects the balance between calcification and dissolution of carbonate sediments. Presently, there are insufficient published data that relate concentrations of pCO 2 and CO32- to in situ rates of reef...
