Drill hole logging with infrared spectroscopy
W. M. Calvin, J.G. Solum
2005, Conference Paper, Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council
Infrared spectroscopy has been used to identify rocks and minerals for over 40 years. The technique is sensitive to primary silicates as well as alteration products. Minerals can be uniquely identified based on multiple absorption features at wavelengths from the visible to the thermal infrared. We are currently establishing methods...
Influence of waves and horseshoe crab spawning on beach morphology and sediment grain-size characteristics on a sandy estuarine beach
N.L. Jackson, K.F. Nordstrom, D. R. Smith
2005, Sedimentology (52) 1097-1108
The effects of wave action and horseshoe crab spawning on the topography and grain-size characteristics on the foreshore of an estuarine sand beach in Delaware Bay, New Jersey, USA were evaluated using data collected over six consecutive high tides. Data were gathered inside and outside a 25 m long exclosure...
Field intercomparison of channel master ADCP with RiverSonde Radar for measuring river discharge
P. Spain, R. Marsden, D. Barrick, C. Teague, C. Ruhl
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the IEEE Working Conference on Current Measurement Technology
The RiverSonde radar makes non-contact measurement of a horizontal swath of surface velocity across a river section. This radar, which has worked successfully at several rivers in the Western USA, has shown encouraging correlation with simultaneous measurements of average currents at one level recorded by an acoustic travel-time system. This...
Optimal sampling design for estimating spatial distribution and abundance of a freshwater mussel population
P.S. Pooler, D. R. Smith
2005, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (24) 525-537
We compared the ability of simple random sampling (SRS) and a variety of systematic sampling (SYS) designs to estimate abundance, quantify spatial clustering, and predict spatial distribution of freshwater mussels. Sampling simulations were conducted using data obtained from a census of freshwater mussels in a 40 X 33 m section...
Young (late Amazonian), near-surface, ground ice features near the equator, Athabasca Valles, Mars
D.M. Burr, R.J. Soare, Bun Tseung J.-M. Wan, J.P. Emery
2005, Icarus (178) 56-73
A suite of four feature types in a ???20 km2 area near 10?? N, 204?? W in Athabasca Valles is interpreted to have resulted from near-surface ground ice. These features include mounds, conical forms with rimmed summit depressions, flatter irregularly-shaped forms with raised rims, and polygonal terrain. Based on morphology,...
Potential for calibration of geostationary meteorological satellite imagers using the Moon
T.C. Stone, H. H. Kieffer, I.F. Grant
Butler J.J., editor(s)
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Solar-band imagery from geostationary meteorological satellites has been utilized in a number of important applications in Earth Science that require radiometric calibration. Because these satellite systems typically lack on-board calibrators, various techniques have been employed to establish "ground truth", including observations of stable ground sites and oceans, and cross-calibrating with...
Productivity and mortality of Northern Goshawks in Minnesota
C. W. Boal, D. E. Andersen, P.L. Kennedy
2005, Journal of Raptor Research (39) 222-228
Compared to other regions of North America, little information exists regarding Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) ecology and population dynamics in the western Great Lakes Region. We examined productivity and nesting habitat characteristics of goshawks in Minnesota from 1998-2001. Apparent nesting success varied annually from as low as 38% to as...
An integrated environmental tracer approach to characterizing groundwater circulation in a mountain block
Andrew H. Manning, D. Kip Solomon
2005, Water Resources Research (41)
The subsurface transfer of water from a mountain block to an adjacent basin (mountain block recharge (MBR)) is a commonly invoked mechanism of recharge to intermountain basins. However, MBR estimates are highly uncertain. We present an approach to characterize bulk fluid circulation in a mountain block and thus MBR that...
UHF RiverSonde observations of water surface velocity at Threemile Slough, California
C.C. Teague, D.E. Barrick, P.M. Lilleboe, R. T. Cheng, C.A. Ruhl
2005, Conference Paper, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
A UHF RiverSonde system, operating near 350 MHz, has been in operation at Threemile Slough in central California, USA since September 2004. The water in the slough is dominated by tidal effects, with flow reversals four times a day and a peak velocity of about 0.8 m/s in each direction....
A comparison of hydrographically and optically derived mixed layer depths
D.G. Zawada, J.R.V. Zaneveld, E. Boss, W.D. Gardner, M.J. Richardson, A.V. Mishonov
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans (110) 1-13
Efforts to understand and model the dynamics of the upper ocean would be significantly advanced given the ability to rapidly determine mixed layer depths (MLDs) over large regions. Remote sensing technologies are an ideal choice for achieving this goal. This study addresses the feasibility of estimating MLDs from optical properties....
Distribution and nature of fault architecture in a layered sandstone and shale sequence: An example from the Moab fault, Utah
N.C. Davatzes, A. Aydin
2005, Book chapter, Faults, Fluid Flow, and Petroleum Traps
We examined the distribution of fault rock and damage zone structures in sandstone and shale along the Moab fault, a basin-scale normal fault with nearly 1 km (0.62 mi) of throw, in southeast Utah. We find that fault rock and damage zone structures vary along strike and dip. Variations are...
The historical development of the magnetic method in exploration
M.N. Nabighian, V. J. S. Grauch, R. O. Hansen, T.R. LaFehr, Y. Li, J.W. Peirce, J. D. Phillips, M.E. Ruder
2005, Geophysics (70) 33ND-61ND
The magnetic method, perhaps the oldest of geophysical exploration techniques, blossomed after the advent of airborne surveys in World War II. With improvements in instrumentation, navigation, and platform compensation, it is now possible to map the entire crustal section at a variety of scales, from strongly magnetic basement at regional...
Trend analysis of time-series phenology derived from satellite data
B. C. Reed, Jesslyn F. Brown
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images 2005
Remote sensing information has been used in studies of the seasonal dynamics (phenology) of the land surface for the past 15 years. While our understanding of remote sensing phenology is still in development, it is regarded as a key to understanding land surface processes over large areas. Repeat observations from...
Insider censoring: Distortion of data with nondetects
D.R. Helsel
2005, Human and Ecological Risk Assessment (11) 1127-1137
Environmental data often include low-level concentrations below reporting limits. These data may be reported as "<RL," where RL is one of several types of reporting limits. Some values also may be reported as a single number, but flagged with a qualifier (J-values) to indicate a difference in precision as compared...
Assessment of rarity of the blackmouth shiner Notropis melanostomus (Cyprinidae) based on museum and recent survey data
M. T. O’Connell, Uzee O’Connell, J.D. Williams
2005, Southeastern Naturalist (4) 247-260
Accurate knowledge of an organism's distribution is necessary for conserving species with small or isolated populations. A perceived rarity may only reflect inadequate sampling effort and suggest the need for more research. We used a recently developed method to evaluate the distribution of a rare fish species, the blackmouth shiner...
Landsat-4 and Landsat-5 thematic mapper band 6 historical performance and calibration
J. A. Barsi, G. Chander, B. L. Markham, N. Higgs
Butler J.J., editor(s)
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Launched in 1982 and 1984 respectively, the Landsat-4 and -5 Thematic Mappers (TM) are the backbone of an extensive archive of moderate resolution Earth imagery. However, these sensors and their data products were not subjected to the type of intensive monitoring that has been part of the Landsat-7 system since...
A neural network approach for enhancing information extraction from multispectral image data
J. Liu, G. Shao, H. Zhu, S. Liu
2005, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing (31) 432-438
A back-propagation artificial neural network (ANN) was applied to classify multispectral remote sensing imagery data. The classification procedure included four steps: (i) noisy training that adds minor random variations to the sampling data to make the data more representative and to reduce the training sample size; (ii) iterative or multi-tier...
Integrated core-log petrofacies analysis in the construction of a reservoir geomodel: A case study of a mature Mississippian carbonate reservoir using limited data
S. Bhattacharya, J.H. Doveton, T.R. Carr, W.R. Guy, P.M. Gerlach
2005, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (89) 1257-1274
Small independent operators produce most of the Mississippian carbonate fields in the United States mid-continent, where a lack of integrated characterization studies precludes maximization of hydrocarbon recovery. This study uses integrative techniques to leverage extant data in an Osagian and Meramecian (Mississippian) cherty carbonate reservoir in Kansas. Available data include...
Implications of invasion by Juniperus virginiana on small mammals in the southern Great Plains
V.J. Horncastle, E. C. Hellgren, P.M. Mayer, A.C. Ganguli, David M. Engle, David M. Leslie Jr.
2005, Journal of Mammalogy (86) 1144-1155
Changes in landscape cover in the Great Plains are resulting from the range expansion and invasion of eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana). By altering the landscape and local vegetation, red cedar is changing the structure and function of habitat for small mammals. We examined effects of invasion by eastern red...
Technical review of the status of Northern Goshawks in the western United States
D. E. Andersen, S. DeStefano, M.I. Goldstein, K. Titus, C. Crocker-Bedford, J.J. Keane, R.G. Anthony, Robert N. Rosenfield
2005, Journal of Raptor Research (39) 192-209
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) was petitioned in 1997 to consider listing Northern Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis atricapillus) under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, west of the 100th meridian of the contiguous United States. In their 12-mo finding issued in June 1998, the FWS determined that listing this...
Individual variation in staging and timing of spring migration of Pacific common eiders in Alaska
Margaret R. Petersen
2005, Conference Paper, Second North America Sea Duck Conference
Timing of migration and characterization of migration patterns of birds are usually based on dates of peak migration to and from staging, wintering, and breeding areas used by the bulk of a species. For Pacific common eiders (Somateria mollissima v-nigrum), as well as other species, the timing of migration into...
The evolution of fledging age in songbirds
D.A. Roff, V. Remes, T. E. Martin
2005, Journal of Evolutionary Biology (18) 1425-1433
In birds with altricial young an important stage in the life history is the age at fledging. In this paper we use an approach proven successful in the prediction of the optimal age at maturity in fish and reptiles to predict the optimal age of fledging in passerines. Integrating the...
Foraging and nesting habitat of breeding male northern goshawks in the laurentian mixed forest province, Minnesota
C. W. Boal, D. E. Andersen, P.L. Kennedy
2005, Journal of Wildlife Management (69) 1516-1527
We used radiotelemetry to examine foraging habitat preferences of 17 breeding, male northern goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) in Minnesota from 1998-2000. We assessed habitat preference using radio relocation points and 50-m radius buffers of radio relocation points. Our data suggested that foraging male goshawks used early-successional upland conifer stands (???25 yrs...
Geochemistry of speleothem records from southern Illinois: Development of (234U)/(238U) as a proxy for paleoprecipitation
Juanzuo Zhou, C.C. Lundstrom, B. Fouke, S. Panno, K. Hackley, B. Curry
2005, Chemical Geology (221) 1-20
Natural waters universally show fractionation of uranium series (U-series) parent-daughter pairs, with the disequilibrium between 234U and 238U (234U)/(238U) commonly used as a tracer of groundwater flow. Because speleothems provide a temporal record of geochemical variations in groundwater precipitating calcite, (234U)/(238U) variations in speleothems provide a unique method of investigating...
Southern marl prairies conceptual ecological model
S.M. Davis, W.F. Loftus, E.E. Gaiser, A.E. Huffman
2005, Wetlands (25) 821-831
About 190,000 ha of higher-elevation marl prairies flank either side of Shark River Slough in the southern Everglades. Water levels typically drop below the ground surface each year in this landscape. Consequently, peat soil accretion is inhibited, and substrates consist either of calcitic marl produced by algal periphyton mats or...
