Origin of secondary sulfate minerals on active andesitic stratovolcanoes
D. R. Zimbelman, R. O. Rye, G. N. Breit
2005, Chemical Geology (215) 37-60
Sulfate minerals in altered rocks on the upper flanks and summits of active andesitic stratovolcanoes result from multiple processes. The origin of these sulfates at five active volcanoes, Citlalte??petl (Mexico), and Mount Adams, Hood, Rainier, and Shasta (Cascade Range, USA), was investigated using field observations, petrography, mineralogy, chemical modeling, and...
Watershed-based survey designs
N.E. Detenbeck, D. Cincotta, J. M. Denver, S.K. Greenlee, A.R. Olsen, A.M. Pitchford
2005, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (103) 59-81
Watershed-based sampling design and assessment tools help serve the multiple goals for water quality monitoring required under the Clean Water Act, including assessment of regional conditions to meet Section 305(b), identification of impaired water bodies or watersheds to meet Section 303(d), and development of empirical relationships between causes or sources...
Geographic variation in survival and migratory tendency among North American Common Mergansers
John M. Pearce, John A. Reed, Paul L. Flint
2005, Journal of Field Ornithology (76) 109-118
Movement ecology and demographic parameters for the Common Merganser (Mergus merganser americanus) in North America are poorly known. We used band-recovery data from five locations across North America spanning the years 1938–1998 to examine migratory patterns and estimate survival rates. We examined competing time-invariant, age-graduated models with program MARK...
Estimating contaminant loads in rivers: An application of adjusted maximum likelihood to type 1 censored data
Timothy A. Cohn
2005, Water Resources Research (41)
This paper presents an adjusted maximum likelihood estimator (AMLE) that can be used to estimate fluvial transport of contaminants, like phosphorus, that are subject to censoring because of analytical detection limits. The AMLE is a generalization of the widely accepted minimum variance unbiased estimator (MVUE), and Monte Carlo experiments confirm...
Evaluation of argon ages and integrity of fluid-inclusion compositions: Stepwise noble gas heating experiments on 1.87 Ga alunite from Tapajós Province, Brazil
G. P. Landis, L.W. Snee, Caetano Juliani
2005, Chemical Geology (215) 127-153
Quantitative analyses are reported for active (N2, CH4, CO, CO2, H2, O2, HF, HCl, H2S, SO2) and noble (He, Ar, Ne) gases released by crushing and step heating of magmatic-hydrothermal alunite from the Tapajós gold province in Brazil. This is the oldest known alunite (40Ar/39Ar age of 1.87 Ga),...
Evidence for a global seismic-moment release sequence
C. G. Bufe, D. M. Perkins
2005, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (95) 833-843
Temporal clustering of the larger earthquakes (foreshock-mainshock-aftershock) followed by relative quiescence (stress shadow) are characteristic of seismic cycles along plate boundaries. A global seismic-moment release history, based on a little more than 100 years of instrumental earthquake data in an extended version of the catalog of Pacheco and Sykes (1992),...
Spatial and temporal variability of the overall error of National Atmospheric Deposition Program measurements determined by the USGS collocated-sampler program, water years 1989-2001
G.A. Wetherbee, N.E. Latysh, J.D. Gordon
2005, Conference Paper, Environmental Pollution
Data from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collocated-sampler program for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network (NADP/NTN) are used to estimate the overall error of NADP/NTN measurements. Absolute errors are estimated by comparison of paired measurements from collocated instruments. Spatial and temporal differences in absolute error were identified and...
Hypocenter locations in finite-source rupture models
P.M. Mai, P. Spudich, J. Boatwright
2005, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (95) 965-980
We use a database of more than 80 finite-source rupture models for more than 50 earthquakes (Mw, 4.1-8.1) with different faulting styles occurring in both tectonic and subduction environments to analyze the location of the hypocenter within the fault and to consider the correlation between hypocenter location and regions of...
Movements of walruses radio-tagged in Bristol Bay, Alaska
Chadwick V. Jay, Susan Hills
2005, Arctic (58) 192-202
Satellite radio-location data from 57 adult male Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) were used to estimate haul-out fidelity, broadly describe seasonal foraging distributions, and determine the approximate timing of autumn migration from Bristol Bay, Alaska. Data were collected intermittently during 1987–91 and 1995–2000, primarily during the period from May to...
Forest cover influences dispersal distance of white-tailed deer
E.S. Long, Duane R. Diefenbach, C.S. Rosenberry, B.D. Wallingford, M.D. Grund
2005, Journal of Mammalogy (86) 623-629
Animal dispersal patterns influence gene flow, disease spread, population dynamics, spread of invasive species, and establishment of rare or endangered species. Although differences in dispersal distances among taxa have been reported, few studies have described plasticity of dispersal distance among populations of a single species. In 2002-2003, we radiomarked 308...
Using chaotic forcing to detect damage in a structure
L. Moniz, J. Nichols, S. Trickey, M. Seaver, D. Pecora, L. Pecora
2005, Chaos (15)
In this work we develop a numerical test for Holder continuity and apply it and another test for continuity to the difficult problem of detecting damage in structures. We subject a thin metal plate with incremental damage to the plate changes, its filtering properties, and therefore the phase space trajectories...
Subduction-zone magnetic anomalies and implications for hydrated forearc mantle
R.J. Blakely, T.M. Brocher, R.E. Wells
2005, Geology (33) 445-448
Continental mantle in subduction zones is hydrated by release of water from the underlying oceanic plate. Magnetite is a significant byproduct of mantle hydration, and forearc mantle, cooled by subduction, should contribute to long-wavelength magnetic anomalies above subduction zones. We test this hypothesis with a quantitative model of the Cascadia...
Slicing up the San Francisco Bay Area: Block kinematics and fault slip rates from GPS-derived surface velocities
M. A. d'Alessio, I.A. Johanson, R. Burgmann, D.A. Schmidt, M.H. Murray
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (110) 1-19
Observations of surface deformation allow us to determine the kinematics of faults in the San Francisco Bay Area. We present the Bay Area velocity unification (BA??VU??, "bay view"), a compilation of over 200 horizontal surface velocities computed from campaign-style and continuous Global Positioning System (GPS) observations from 1993 to 2003....
The fundamental thermal niche of adult landlocked striped bass
P.W. Bettoli
2005, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (134) 305-314
Researchers have described the temperatures selected by landlocked striped bass Morone saxatilis in different locales throughout the USA. However, seasonally low concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) in many systems prevented striped bass from using the cool waters (<22??C) they may have preferred. In Melton Hill Reservoir, a 92-km-long impoundment on...
Concentrations of cadmium, lead, and zinc in fish from mining-influenced waters of northeastern Oklahoma: Sampling of blood, carcass, and liver for aquatic biomonitoring
W. G. Brumbaugh, C. J. Schmitt, T.W. May
2005, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (49) 76-88
The Tri-States Mining District (TSMD) of Missouri (MO), Kansas (KS), and Oklahoma (OK), USA, was mined for lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) for more than a century. Mining ceased more than 30 years ago, but wastes remain widely distributed in the region, and there is evidence of surface- and groundwater...
On pads and filters: Processing strong-motion data
D.M. Boore
2005, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (95) 745-750
Processing of strong-motion data in many cases can be as straightforward as filtering the acceleration time series and integrating to obtain velocity and displacement. To avoid the introduction of spurious low-frequency noise in quantities derived from the filtered accelerations, however, care must be taken to append zero pads of adequate...
Underwater MASW to evaluate stiffness of water-bottom sediments
Choon B. Park, Richard D. Miller, Jianghai Xia, Julian M. Ivanov, G. V. Sonnichsen, James A Hunter, R. L. Good, R. A. Burns, H. Christian
2005, Leading Edge (Tulsa, OK) (24) 724-728
Stiffness measurements are often necessary for geotechnical characterization of an underwater site. Seismically, these measurements can be made through the dispersion analysis of the Rayleigh-type surface waves. Successful terrestrial application of this method has been reported by many investigators using spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW) and more recently using...
Hydrologic properties of coal-beds in the Powder River Basin, Montana: II. Aquifer test analysis
E.P. Weeks
2005, Journal of Hydrology (308) 242-257
A multiple well aquifer test to determine anisotropic transmissivity was conducted on a coal-bed in the Powder River Basin, southeastern Montana, as part of a multidisciplinary investigation to determine hydrologic conditions of coal-beds in the area. For the test, three wells were drilled equidistant from and at different angles to a production well tapping the Flowers–Goodale coal seam,...
Utility of Penman-Monteith, Priestley-Taylor, reference evapotranspiration, and pan evaporation methods to estimate pasture evapotranspiration
D. M. Sumner, J.M. Jacobs
2005, Journal of Hydrology (308) 81-104
Actual evapotranspiration (ETa) was measured at 30-min resolution over a 19-month period (September 28, 2000-April 23, 2002) from a nonirrigated pasture site in Florida, USA, using eddy correlation methods. The relative magnitude of measured ETa (about 66% of long-term annual precipitation at the study site) indicates the importance of accurate...
Assessments of urban growth in the Tampa Bay watershed using remote sensing data
G. Xian, M. Crane
2005, Remote Sensing of Environment (97) 203-215
Urban development has expanded rapidly in the Tampa Bay area of west-central Florida over the past century. A major effect associated with this population trend is transformation of the landscape from natural cover types to increasingly impervious urban land. This research utilizes an innovative approach for mapping urban extent and...
Survival of Western Sandpiper broods on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Daniel R. Ruthrauff, Brian J. McCaffery
2005, Condor (107) 597-604
The rate of chick growth in high-latitude breeding shorebirds is rapid, but little is known about the effect of chick mass, growth, and brood movements on subsequent brood survival. To address these topics, we monitored chick growth patterns, daily brood movements, and survival of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) on the...
Geochemical and C, O, Sr, and U-series isotopic evidence for the meteoric origin of calcrete at Solitario Wash, Crater Flat, Nevada, USA
L.A. Neymark, J.B. Paces, B.D. Marshall, Z. E. Peterman, J. F. Whelan
2005, Environmental Geology (48) 450-465
Calcite-rich soils (calcrete) in alluvium and colluvium at Solitario Wash, Crater Flat, Nevada, USA, contain pedogenic calcite and opaline silica similar to soils present elsewhere in the semi-arid southwestern United States. Nevertheless, a ground-water discharge origin for the Solitario Wash soil deposits was proposed in a series of publications proposing...
Bioassessment of fish communities of the upper Delaware River
E. van Snik Gray, R. M. Ross, R. M. Bennett
2005, Northeastern Naturalist (12) 203-216
We assessed the biotic integrity of the middle-to-upper Delaware River. We sampled fish and assembled water quality data for eight stations and three habitat types (pool, riffle, and submerged aquatic vegetation [SAV]) of the Delaware River and applied an existing index of biotic integrity (IBI) recently developed for the northern...
Repeated surveys by acoustic Doppler current profiler for flow and sediment dynamics in a tidal river
R.L. Dinehart, J.R. Burau
2005, Journal of Hydrology (314) 1-21
A strategy of repeated surveys by acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) was applied in a tidal river to map velocity vectors and suspended-sediment indicators. The Sacramento River at the junction with the Delta Cross Channel at Walnut Grove, California, was surveyed over several tidal cycles in the Fall of 2000...
Seismic joint analysis for non-destructive testing of asphalt and concrete slabs
N. Ryden, C.B. Park
2005, Conference Paper, Geotechnical Special Publication
A seismic approach is used to estimate the thickness and elastic stiffness constants of asphalt or concrete slabs. The overall concept of the approach utilizes the robustness of the multichannel seismic method. A multichannel-equivalent data set is compiled from multiple time series recorded from multiple hammer impacts at progressively different...
