First documentation of tidal-channel sponge biostromes (upper Pleistocene, southeastern Florida)
K.J. Cunningham, J.K. Rigby, M.A. Wacker, H.A. Curran
2007, Geology (35) 475-478
Sponges are not a common principal component of Cenozoic reefs and are more typically dominant in deep-water and/or cold-water localities. Here we report the discovery of extensive upper Pleistocene shallow-marine, tropical sponge biostromes from the Mami Limestone of southeastern Florida built by a new ceractinomorph demosponge. These upright, barrel- to...
Oceanography of Glacier Bay, Alaska: Implications for biological patterns in a glacial fjord estuary
L.L. Etherington, P.N. Hooge, Elizabeth Ross Hooge, D.F. Hill
2007, Estuaries and Coasts (30) 927-944
Alaska, U.S.A, is one of the few remaining locations in the world that has fjords that contain temperate idewater glaciers. Studying such estuarine systems provides vital information on how deglaciation affects oceanographic onditions of fjords and surrounding coastal waters. The oceanographic system of Glacier Bay, Alaska, is of particular interest...
Numerical modelling to determine freshwater/saltwater interface configuration in a low-gradient coastal wetland aquifer
E. Swain, M. Wolfert
2007, Conference Paper, IAHS-AISH Publication
A coupled hydrodynamic surface-water/groundwater model with salinity transport is used to examine the aquifer salinity interface in the coastal wetlands of Everglades National Park in Florida, USA. The hydrology differs from many other coastal areas in that inland water levels are often higher than land surface, the flow gradients are...
Temporal analysis of floodwater volumes in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina
Jodie Smith, James Rowland
2007, Circular 1306-3H
Satellite images from multiple sensors and dates were analyzed to measure the extent of flooding caused by Hurricane Katrina in the New Orleans, La., area. The flood polygons were combined with a high-resolution digital elevation model to estimate water depths and volumes in designated areas. The multiple satellite acquisitions enabled...
Precipitation zones of west-central Nevada
Thomas J. Lopes, Rose L. Medina
2007, Journal of the Nevada Water Resources Association (4) 1-18
Whether Nevada can sustain its fast rate of growth depends in part on accurately quantifying the amount of water that is available, including precipitation. The Precipitation-Zone Method (PZM) is a way of estimating mean annual precipitation at any point. The PZM was developed using data from west-central Nevada and northeastern...
Reproductive strategies of northern geese: Why wait?
Craig R. Ely, K.S. Bollinger, R.V. Densmore, T.C. Rothe, M.J. Petrula, John Y. Takekawa, D.L. Orthmeyer
2007, The Auk (124) 594-605
Migration and reproductive strategies in waterbirds are tightly linked, with timing of arrival and onset of nesting having important consequences for reproductive success. Whether migratory waterbirds are capital or income breeders is predicated by their spring migration schedule, how long they are on breeding areas before nesting, and how adapted...
Long-term monitoring of growth in the Eastern Elliptio, Elliptio complanata (Bivalvia: Unionidae), in Rhode Island: A transplant experiment
D.H. Kesler, T.J. Newton, L. Green
2007, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (26) 123-133
The lengths of marked specimens of the freshwater mussel, Eastern Elliptio (Elliptio complanata [Lightfoot 1786]), were monitored annually in 3 lakes in Rhode Island, USA, from 1991 to 2005. Mussels growing in Worden Pond showed a change in mean shell length of only 4.3 mm over 14 y, whereas mussel...
Sap flow characteristics of neotropical mangroves in flooded and drained soils
Ken W. Krauss, P. Joy Young, Jim L. Chambers, Thomas W. Doyle, Robert R. Twilley
2007, Tree Physiology (27) 775-783
Effects of flooding on water transport in mangroves have previously been investigated in a few studies, most of which were conducted on seedlings in controlled settings. In this study, we used heat-dissipation sap probes to determine if sap flow (Js) attenuates with radial depth into the xylem of mature trees...
Long-term limnological research and monitoring at Crater Lake, Oregon
G.L. Larson, R. Collier, M. Buktenica
2007, Hydrobiologia (574) 1-11
Crater Lake is located in the caldera of Mount Mazama in Crater Lake National Park, Oregon. The lake has a surface area of about 53 km2at an elevation of 1882 m and a maximum depth of 594 m. Limited studies of this ultraoligotrophic lake conducted between 1896 and 1981, lead...
Clinical biochemistry in healthy manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris)
J. W. Harvey, K.E. Harr, D. Murphy, M.T. Walsh, E.J. Chittick, R. K. Bonde, M.G. Pate, C. J. Deutsch, H.H. Edwards, E.M. Haubold
2007, Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine (38) 269-279
Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) are endangered aquatic mammals living in coastal and riverine waterways of Florida and adjacent states. Serum or plasma biochemical analyses are important tools in evaluating the health of free-ranging and captive manatees. The purpose of this study was to measure diagnostically important analytes in the...
The impact of floods and storms on the acoustic reflectivity of the inner continental shelf: A modeling assessment
Lincoln F. Pratson, E. W. H. Hutton, A.J. Kettner, J.P.M. Syvitski, P.S. Hill, D.A. George, T.G. Milligan
2007, Continental Shelf Research (27) 542-559
Flood deposition and storm reworking of sediments on the inner shelf can change the mixture of grain sizes on the seabed and thus its porosity, bulk density, bulk compressional velocity and reflectivity. Whether these changes are significant enough to be detectable by...
Predicting yellow toadflax infestations in the Flat Tops Wilderness of Colorado
J.R. Sutton, T.J. Stohlgren, K.G. Beck
2007, Biological Invasions (9) 783-793
Understanding species-environment relationships is important to predict the spread of non-native species. Yellow toadflax (Linaria vulgaris Mill.) is an invasive perennial recently found in the Flat Tops Wilderness of the White River National Forest on the western slope of the Colorado Rocky Mountains. We hypothesized yellow toadflax occurrence could be...
Effects of depth and crayfish size on predation risk and foraging profitability of a lotic crayfish
C.A. Flinders, D.D. Magoulick
2007, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (26) 767-778
We conducted field surveys and experiments to determine whether observed distributions of crayfish among habitats were influenced by differential resource availability, foraging profitability, and predation rates and whether these factors differed with crayfish size and habitat depth. We sampled available food resources (detritus and invertebrates) and shelter as rock substrate...
Weirs: Counting and sampling adult salmonids in streams and rivers
Christian E. Zimmerman, Laura M. Zabkar
2007, Book chapter, Salmonid field protocols handbook: techniques for assessing status and trends in salmon and trout populations.
Weirs—which function as porous barriers built across stream—have long been used to capture migrating fish in flowing waters. For example, the Netsilik peoples of northern Canada used V-shaped weirs constructed of river rocks gathered onsite to capture migrating Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus (Balikci 1970). Similarly, fences constructed of stakes and...
High nutrient pulses, tidal mixing and biological response in a small California estuary: Variability in nutrient concentrations from decadal to hourly time scales
J.M. Caffrey, T.P. Chapin, H.W. Jannasch, J.C. Haskins
2007, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (71) 368-380
Elkhorn Slough is a small estuary in Central California, where nutrient inputs are dominated by runoff from agricultural row crops, a golf course, and residential development. We examined the variability in nutrient concentrations from decadal to hourly time scales in Elkhorn Slough to compare forcing by physical and biological factors....
Sandy signs of a tsunami's onshore depth and speed
K. Huntington, J. Bourgeois, G. Gelfenbaum, P. Lynett, B. Jaffe, H. Yeh, R. Weiss
2007, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (88) 577-578
Tsunamis rank among the most devastating and unpredictable natural hazards to affect coastal areas. Just 3 years ago, in December 2004, the Indian Ocean tsunami caused more than 225,000 deaths. Like many extreme events, however, destructive tsunamis strike rarely enough that written records span too little time to quantify tsunami...
Vertical spatial sensitivity and exploration depth of low-induction-number electromagnetic-induction instruments
J.B. Callegary, T.P.A. Ferre, R.W. Groom
2007, Vadose Zone Journal (6) 158-167
Vertical spatial sensitivity and effective depth of exploration (d e) of low-induction-number (LIN) instruments over a layered soil were evaluated using a complete numerical solution to Maxwell's equations. Previous studies using approximate mathematical solutions predicted a vertical spatial sensitivity for instruments operating under LIN conditions that, for a given transmitter-receiver...
The influence of major dams on hydrology through the drainage network of the Sacramento River basin, California
M.B. Singer
2007, River Research and Applications (23) 55-72
This paper reports basinwide patterns of hydrograph alteration via statistical and graphical analysis from a network of long-term streamflow gauges located various distances downstream of major dams and confluences in the Sacramento River basin in California, USA. Streamflow data from 10 gauging stations downstream of major dams were divided into...
River and riparian restoration in the southwest: Results of the National River Restoration Science Synthesis project
Shah J.J. Follstad, Clifford N. Dahm, S.P. Gloss, E. S. Bernhardt
2007, Restoration Ecology (15) 550-562
Restoration activity has exponentially increased across the Southwest since 1990. Over 37,000 records were compiled into the National River Restoration Science Synthesis (NRRSS) database to summarize restoration trends and assess project effectiveness. We analyzed data from 576 restoration projects in the Southwest (NRRSS-SW). More than 50% of projects were less...
Effects of population increase on cui-ui growth and maturation
G.G. Scoppettone, P.H. Rissler
2007, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (136) 331-340
Cui-ui Chasmistes cujus is endemic to Pyramid Lake, Nevada. The cui-ui population declined during much of the 20th century as a result of water diversion and the formation of a shallow and virtually impassable delta at the mouth of the Truckee River, its spawning habitat. The population increased more than...
Forcing of large-scale cycles of coastal change at the entrance to Willapa Bay, Washington
Robert A. Morton, H. Edward Clifton, Noreen A. Buster, Russell L. Peterson, Guy Gelfenbaum
2007, Marine Geology (246) 24-41
Anomalous morphological features within large estuaries may be: (1) recorders of external forces that periodically overwhelm the normal morphodynamic responses to estuarine energy fluxes, and (2) possible predictors of cycles of future coastal change. At the entrance to Willapa Bay, Washington, chronic beach erosion and frequent coastal flooding are related...
Anguilliform larvae collected off North Carolina
Steve W. Ross, T.L. Casazza, A.M. Quattrini, K. J. Sulak
2007, Marine Biology (150) 681-695
The distinctive larval stage of eels (leptocephalus) facilitates dispersal through prolonged life in the open ocean. Leptocephali are abundant and diverse off North Carolina, yet data on distributions and biology are lacking. The water column (from surface to 1,293 m) was sampled in or near the Gulf Stream off Cape...
Diversity of terrestrial avifauna in response to distance from the shoreline of the Salton Sea
M.B. Mendelsohn, W.I. Boarman, Robert N. Fisher, S.A. Hathaway
2007, Journal of Arid Environments (68) 574-587
Large aquatic bodies influence surrounding terrestrial ecosystems by providing water and nutrients. In arid landscapes, the increased primary productivity that results may greatly enhance vertebrate biodiversity. The Salton Sea, a large saline lake in the Colorado Desert of southern California, provides nutrients...
Interaction and influence of two creeks on Escherichia coli concentrations of nearby beaches: Exploration of predictability and mechanisms
M.B. Nevers, R.L. Whitman, W.E. Frick, Z. Ge
2007, Journal of Environmental Quality (36) 1338-1345
The impact of river outfalls on beach water quality depends on numerous interacting factors. The delivery of contaminants by multiple creeks greatly complicates understanding of the source contributions, especially when pollution might originate up- or down-coast of beaches. We studied two beaches along Lake Michigan that are located between two...
Organic contaminants in onsite wastewater treatment systems
K.E. Conn, R.L. Siegrist, L. B. Barber, G.K. Brown
2007, Conference Paper, ASABE - Individual and Small Community Sewage Systems XI, Proceedings of the 11th National Symposium
Wastewater from thirty onsite wastewater treatment systems was sampled during a reconnaissance field study to quantify bulk parameters and the occurrence of organic wastewater contaminants including endocrine disrupting compounds in treatment systems representing a variety of wastewater sources and treatment processes and their receiving environments. Bulk parameters ranged in concentrations...
