U.S. Geological Survey
Water-Resources Investigations Report 02-4091
by Connor J. Haugh
Note: The following items have been corrected in the online PDF version of the report. Underlining denotes text that was added.
Page 1 - Abstract, first paragraph: In 2000 1999, ground-water
withdrawals by the Hixson Utility District averaged about 7.6 6.4
million gallons per day (Mgal/d) from two pumping centers.
Page 1 - Abstract, first paragraph: A second production well at Walkers
Corner was approved for use in 2000 but is used infrequently. Hixson
Utility District alternates the use of the two production wells at Walkers Corner
except when drought conditions occur when they are used simultaneously.
Page 1 - Abstract, third paragraph: In 2000 1999, ground-water
withdrawals of 7.6 6.4 Mgal/d [11.8 9.9 cubic feet
per second (ft3/s)] equaled about 14 11 percent of
the total simulated ground-water recharge. The remaining ground-water recharge
discharges to rivers (46 48 percent, 40.4 41.1 ft3/s),
springs (18 19 percent, 15.6 16.8 ft3/s), and Chickamauga
Lake (22 percent, 19.0 ft3/s).
Page 14 - Ground-Water Withdrawals section, first paragraph: Production
from the Cave Springs well field averaged about 9 ft3/s (5.8 Mgal/d)
in 2000 1993.
Page 40 - Effects of Pumping at Walkers Corner section, second paragraph:
The only difference between the initial calibration model simulation and this
simulation is the addition of ground-water pumpage at Walkers Corner well field
production well #1 and a reduction of pumpage at the Cave Springs well field
from 9 to 7.1 ft3/s.
Page 40 - Effects of Pumping at Walkers Corner section, second paragraph:
This is similar to the observed water-level decline of about 30 feet (figs.
13 and 14).
To isolate the effects of withdrawal at Walkers Corner well field production
well #1 on the water budget, an additional pumpage simulation was run with the
pumpage from the Cave Springs well field at the initial calibration simulation
rate of 9 ft3/s. The model water budget indicates that ground-water
withdrawal at the Walkers Corner well field from production well #1 results
in decreases in simulated ground-water discharges of 0.9 ft3/s to Chickamauga
Lake, 0.7 ft3/s to North Chickamauga Creek, 0.6 ft3/s to Lick Branch and Rogers
Spring, 0.4 ft3/s to Poe Branch, and 0.2 ft3/s to Cave Springs (table 8).
Page 54 - Summary section, first paragraph: In 2000 1999,
ground-water withdrawals by the HUD averaged about 7.6 6.4 Mgal/d
from two pumping centers.
Page 55 - Summary section, sixth paragraph: The model water budget
shows that in 2000 1999 ground-water withdrawals of 11.8
9.9 ft3/s (7.6 6.4 Mgal/d) equal about 14
11 percent of the total ground-water recharge with the remaining 86
89 percent of recharge discharging to North Chickamauga Creek and Cave
Springs (56 58 percent, 48.6 50.4 ft3/s),
Chickamauga Lake (22 percent, 19.0 ft3/s), Poe Branch (4 5
percent, 4.0 4.1 ft3/s), and Lick Branch and Rogers
Spring (4 percent, 3.4 ft3/s)
Page 40 - Table 8: New column, Calibration simulation; pumping at Walkers
Corner well field, was added.
Table 8. Simulated ground-water discharges and withdrawals for steady-state model simulation
|
Calibration simulation; no pumping at Walkers Corner well field |
|
Calibration simulation; pumping at Walkers Corner well field |
|
Additional pumping simulation; pumping at Walkers Corner production well #1 |
|
Additional pumping
simulation; pumping at Walkers |
||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Discharge, in cubic
feet |
|
Discharge, |
|
Discharge, in cubic feet per second |
Change from no pumping
at Walkers Corner simulation, |
|
Discharge, in cubic feet per second |
Change from no pumping
at Walkers Corner simulation, |
|
Ground-water discharges |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chickamauga Lake |
19.9 |
|
19.0 |
|
19.0 |
-0.9 |
|
18.0 |
-1.9 |
Poe Branch |
4.4 |
|
4.1 |
|
4.0 |
-0.4 |
|
3.5 |
-0.9 |
Cave Springs |
15.5 |
|
16.5 |
|
15.3 |
-0.2 |
|
15.1 |
-0.4 |
North Chickamauga Creek |
34.0 |
|
33.9 |
|
33.3 |
-0.7 |
|
32.5 |
-1.5 |
Lick Branch and Rogers Spring |
4.0 |
|
3.4 |
|
3.4 |
-0.6 |
|
2.9 |
-1.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ground-water |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wells at Walkers Corner |
0 |
|
2.8 |
|
2.8 |
2.8 |
|
5.8 |
5.8 |
Wells at Cave Springs |
9 |
|
7.1 |
|
9 |
0 |
|
9 |
0 |
Total from wells |
9 |
|
9.9 |
|
11.8 |
2.8 |
|
14.8 |
5.8 |