MOSAIC_05M.TIF: GeoTIFF image of acoustic backscatter collected by the U.S. Geological Survey within the Upper St. Clair River between Michigan and Ontario, Canada, 2008 (GeoTIFF).

Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey

Publication_Date: 2010

Title:

MOSAIC_05M.TIF: GeoTIFF image of acoustic backscatter collected by the U.S. Geological Survey within the Upper St. Clair River between Michigan and Ontario, Canada, 2008 (GeoTIFF).

Edition: 1.0

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Open-File Report

Issue_Identification: 2010-1035

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Online_Linkage:

<https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1035/gis_catalog/mosaic/mosaic_05m.zip>

Online_Linkage: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1035/html/gis.html>

Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Jane F. Denny

Originator: David S. Foster

Originator: Charles R. Worley

Originator: Barry J. Irwin

Publication_Date: 2010

Title:

Geophysical data collected from the St. Clair River between Michigan and Ontario, Canada, 2008-016-FA

Edition: 1.0

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: online

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Open-File Report

Issue_Identification: 2010-1035

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Online_Linkage: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1035/>

Description:

Abstract:

In 2008, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center (WHCMSC), in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers conducted a geophysical and sampling survey of the riverbed of the Upper St. Clair River between Port Huron, MI, and Sarnia, Ontario, Canada. The objectives were to define the Quaternary geologic framework of the St. Clair River to evaluate the relationship between morphologic change of the riverbed and underlying stratigraphy. This report presents the geophysical and sample data collected from the St. Clair River, May 29-June 6, 2008 as part of the International Upper Great Lakes Study, a 5-year project funded by the International Joint Commission of the United States and Canada to examine whether physical changes in the St. Clair River are affecting water levels within the upper Great Lakes, to assess regulation plans for outflows from Lake Superior, and to examine the potential effect of climate change on the Great Lakes water levels ( <http://www.iugls.org>). This document makes available the data that were used in a separate report, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1137, which detailed the interpretations of the Quaternary geologic framework of the region. This report includes a description of the suite of high-resolution acoustic and sediment-sampling systems that were used to map the morphology, surficial sediment distribution, and underlying geology of the Upper St. Clair River during USGS field activity 2008-016-FA . Video and photographs of the riverbed were also collected and are included in this data release. Future analyses will be focused on substrate erosion and its effects on river-channel morphology and geometry. Ultimately, the International Upper Great Lakes Study will attempt to determine where physical changes in the St. Clair River affect water flow and, subsequently, water levels in the Upper Great Lakes.

Purpose:

This acoustic backscatter mosaic will be used to identify bedforms and surficial sediment distribution within the Upper St. Clair River. The mosaic will be correlated to sediment samples of the river floor and bottom video and photographs in order to interpret the acoustic facies.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20080529

Ending_Date: 20080601

Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.448152

East_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.385284

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.020280

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.951999

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General

Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey

Theme_Keyword: USGS

Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center

Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC

Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Theme_Keyword: CMGP

Theme_Keyword: surficial sediment

Theme_Keyword: sidescan-sonar

Theme_Keyword: interferometry

Theme_Keyword: SEA SWATHplus 234 kHz

Theme_Keyword: acoustic backscatter

Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC field activity serial number 08016

Theme_Keyword: GeoTIFF Image

Theme_Keyword: USGS R/V Rafael

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category

Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation

Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover

Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General

Place_Keyword: North America

Place_Keyword: United States

Place_Keyword: Michigan

Place_Keyword: Great Lakes

Place_Keyword: Upper Great Lakes

Place_Keyword: Lake Huron

Place_Keyword: St. Clair River

Place_Keyword: Upper St. Clair River

Place_Keyword: Canada

Place_Keyword: Ontario

Access_Constraints: None

Use_Constraints:

Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Jane Denny

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geologist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 384 Woods Hole Road

City: Woods Hole

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 02543

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2311

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jdenny@usgs.gov

Browse_Graphic:

Browse_Graphic_File_Name:

<https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1035/gis_catalog/mosaic/mosaic_05m_sm.jpg>

Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Thumbnail image of acoustic backscatter

Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.6.1500

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: David S. Foster

Originator: Jane F. Denny

Publication_Date: 2009

Title:

Quaternary Geologic Framework of the St. Clair River between Michigan and Ontario, Canada

Edition: 1.0

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: on-line document

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Open-File Report

Issue_Identification: 2009-1137

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Online_Linkage: <https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1137/>

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Jonathan Beaudoin

Publication_Date: 2002

Title: Hitchhiker's Guide to Swathed...

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: online

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Fredericton, New Brunswick

Publisher: University of New Brunswick Ocean Mapping Group

Online_Linkage:

<http://www.omg.unb.ca/~jonnyb/processing/definitive_swathed/>

Data_Quality_Information:

Logical_Consistency_Report:

All acoustic backscatter data were collected during USGS cruise 08016 using a SWATHplus 234-kHz swath bathymetric system and an Octopus F180R Attitude and Positioning System. Quality control was conducted during processing of the data. Any spurious data or artifacts were removed or minimized.

Completeness_Report:

Lines 1 - 65 were used to generate the final GeoTIFF mosaic, mosaic_05m.tif. Gaps present in this data are generally in shallow-water areas where the system was not tracking bottom, or poor quality sonar returns precluded use in the completed mosaic.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) navigation data were acquired with the forward, or primary, Octopus F180R Attitude and Positioning system DGPS antenna and transmitted via a network connection to the SWATHplus data collection software. The F180R Attitude and Positioning system uses 2 L1 antennas for position and heading and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) for motion sensing. The F180R IMU is mounted on the rigid sidemount used to deploy the SWATHplus bathymetric system, and is located directly above the SWATHplus transducers. The F180R antennas are mounted on a rigid horizontal pole, 3 meters above the F180R IMU, offset in a forward/aft configuration (see 'source contribution' for a full description of the F180R). DGPS accuracy is 1 to 3 meters, depending on the distance from a US Coast Guard coastal repeater station (<http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/>).

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey

Type_of_Source_Media: disc

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20080529

Ending_Date: 20080602

Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Source_Contribution:

Swath-bathymetric and acoustic-backscatter data were acquired with a SEA, Ltd., SWATHplus interferometric sonar operating at a 234-kHz frequency (<http://www.sea.co.uk/swathplus.aspx?nav=products>). The SWATHplus transducer was mounted at the bow of the USGS R/V Rafael. Bathymetric data were acquired over variable swath widths ranging from 10 to 100 m, in water depths of about 1 to 25 m. A total of 109 km of swath bathymetric data were collected.

SWATHplus acquisition software (version 3.05.90) was used to digitally log the bathymetric data at a rate of 30 pings/second and 3,072 samples per swath (ping) in the SWATHplus SXR format. Data collection parameters are saved into a SWATHplus session file in SEA's SXS format. These files can be later used for data replay.

An Octopus F180R Attitude and Positioning system (see: <http://www.codaoctopus.com/motion/f180/index.asp>) recorded ship motion (heave, pitch, roll, and yaw). These data were transmitted via network connection to the SWATHplus data collection software. The Octopus F180R Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) was mounted directly above the SWATHplus transducers, to minimize lever arm offsets that can lead to positioning errors. The F180R uses two L1 antennas for position and heading accuracy. The antennas are mounted on a rigid horizontal pole, 3 meters above the F180R IMU, with a horizontal separation of 1 meter and are offset from the IMU in a forward/aft configuration. The forward offset of the primary antenna from the IMU is 0.5 meters, with no port/starboard offset.

Eight sound-velocity profiles were acquired during survey operations at roughly 4-hr intervals using an Applied Microsystems SV Plus V2 Velocimeter (Applied Microsystems, 2008).

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Raw SWATHplus (*sxr) files were unraveled using the University of New Brunswicks Ocean Mapping Group (OMG) SwathEd multibeam processing software (<http://www.omg.unb.ca/~jhc/swathed/>)/ (Beaudoin, 2002). The unravel process converts the raw *sxr file to OMG file formats for soundings and backscatter and stores navigation in binary and ASCII files. During the unravel backscatter is also converted to USGS Xsonar/Showimage file format (*. (backscatter) and *.nav files). The Xsonar/Showimage files are desampled to 1024 bytes/ping at 100-m swath, yielding resolution of 0.1m/pixel.

SwathEd (no version) (Beaudoin, 2002)

Process_Date: 2009

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Jane Denny

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geologist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.

City: Woods Hole

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700x2311

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 5084572310

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jdenny@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Xsonar/Showimage was used to process the backscatter. Slant range was corrected and data were normalized across swath using a beam pattern routine with the following parameters: 200 pings with a 50-ping overlap, generating *sb (slant-range and beam pattern) files. Navigation was not merged within the Xsonar/Showimage, as navigation data were merged during the unravel routine using SwathEd. Navigation data were plotted and viewed graphically within Xsonar/Showimage for quality assessment.

Xsonar/Showimage (no version) (Danforth, 1997; Danforth and Others, 1991).

Process_Date: 2009

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Jane Denny

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geologist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.

City: Woods Hole

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700x2311

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 5084572310

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jdenny@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

An OMB SwathEd utility backToSwathed was used to convert the processed Xsonar/Showimage files (*.sb) back to OMG format (*.slr). The *.slr files were used to generate a backscatter mosaic using the following routines, where bounds are defined within the 'make_blank' routine:

-Create Blank Map Sheet at 0.5 meter resolution, UTM meters, Zone 17N, WGS84 (make_blank -prime 255 -8bit mosaic) -Copy mosaic.blank to mosaic.mos mosaic.ran -Mosaic the individual sonar lines (mos2 -maxdist 10 -custom_weight MOS_weights mosaic *.slr) -Remove the 1024 byte header from the mosaic.mos file (dd if=mosaic.mos of=mosaic.raw bs=1024 skip =1) -Convert the raw mosaic file to TIFF using Adobe Photoshop (CS3 10.0.1) -A world file was generated for the TIFF image using the UNIX command vi -GeoTIFF Examine, v. 1.01 (www.mentorsoftwareinc.com) was used to convert the TIFF image to a GeoTIFF.

Adobe Photoshop CS3 was used to apply a linear stretch to the mosaic. The digital number range of the backscatter image is 10 - 234. No data values are represented by 255.

Process_Date: 2009

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Jane Denny

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geologist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.

City: Woods Hole

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700x2311

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 5084572310

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jdenny@usgs.gov

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster

Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type: Pixel

Row_Count: 15001

Column_Count: 10001

Vertical_Count: 1

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Grid_Coordinate_System:

Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator

Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

UTM_Zone_Number: 17

Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600

Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -81.000000

Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000

False_Easting: 500000.000000

False_Northing: 0.000000

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 0.500000

Ordinate_Resolution: 0.500000

Planar_Distance_Units: meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984

Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984

Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

The data range (digital numbers) within the backscatter mosaic is 10 through 234. No data values are represented by 255 within the image.

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Jane Denny

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Geologist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 384 Woods Hole Road

City: Woods Hole

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 02543

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2311

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jdenny@usgs.gov

Resource_Description: Downloadable Data

Distribution_Liability:

Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials.

Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: WinZip

Format_Version_Number: 9.0

Format_Information_Content:

This WinZip file contains a TIFF image and associated world file of backscatter mosaic collected within the St. Clair River between Michigan and Ontario, Canada, 2008

File_Decompression_Technique: Use WinZip or pkUnzip

Transfer_Size: 11,602 KB

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name:

htp://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1035/gis_catalog/mosaic/mosaic_05m.zip

Access_Instructions: Data can be downloaded via the World Wide Web (WWW)

Fees: none

Technical_Prerequisites:

This Zip file contains a GeoTIFF image and world file. To utilize these data the user must have an image viewer, image processing or GIS software package capable of importing a GeoTIFF image.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20110125

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Person: Jane F. Denny

Contact_Position: Geologist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 384 Woods Hole Road

City: Woods Hole

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 02536

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2311

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jdenny@usgs.gov

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time

Metadata_Access_Constraints: none

Metadata_Use_Constraints: none

Metadata_Extensions:

Online_Linkage: <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>

Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile