08016_PHOTOS: Bottom photographs of the riverbed collected by the U.S. Geological Survey within the St. Clair River between Michigan and Ontario, Canada, 2008 (JPG IMAGES)

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Frequently-anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
08016_PHOTOS: Bottom photographs of the riverbed collected by the U.S. Geological Survey within the St. Clair River between Michigan and Ontario, Canada, 2008 (JPG IMAGES)
Abstract:
In 2008, the U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers conducted a geophysical and sampling survey of the Upper St. Clair River between Port Huron, MI, and Sarnia, Ontario, Canada, to determine the Quaternary geologic framework of the region. The objectives were to define the surficial geology and stratigraphy of the northernmost St. Clair River and assess the relation between geologic framework and morphologic changes in the St. Clair River channel. The results will be used to determine whether the substrate has been eroded, which could result in changes in river-channel morphology and geometry. Ultimately, the International Upper Great Lakes Study will attempt to determine where physical changes in the St. Clair River affect water flow and, subsequently, water levels in the Upper Great Lakes.
  1. How should this data set be cited?

    U.S. Geological Survey, 2010, 08016_PHOTOS: Bottom photographs of the riverbed collected by the U.S. Geological Survey within the St. Clair River between Michigan and Ontario, Canada, 2008 (JPG IMAGES): Open-File Report 2010-1035, U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Denny, Jane F. , and Foster, Dave S. , 2010, Geophysical data collected in the St. Clair River between Michigan and Ontario, Canada, 2008: Open-File Report 2010-1035, U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.427136
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.403261
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.012497
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.963676

  3. What does it look like?

    <https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1035/gis_catalog/seaboss/photo_jpg_sm.jpg> (JPEG)
    Thumbnail image of bottom photographs

  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

    Beginning_Date: 03-Jun-2008
    Ending_Date: 04-Jun-2008
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition

  5. What is the general form of this data set?

    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data

  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?

    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?

      This is a Raster data set.

    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?

  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)

  2. Who also contributed to the data set?

  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?

    Jane Denny
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA 02543
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2311 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    jdenny@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

This data set includes the bottom photographs (JPG images) collected within the St. Clair River between Michigan and Ontario, Canada during USGS Cruise 08016. The bottom photographs were collected to ground-truth geophysical data and to characterize the surficial sediment along the riverbed.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?

    (source 1 of 1)
    Source_Contribution:
    Video and digital photographs were collected at 37 stations using the USGS Mini SEABOSS (Blackwood and Parolski, 2001). Mini SEABOSS stations were selected based on preliminary acoustic-backscatter mosaics, with the objective of characterizing broad areas of different backscatter intensity. With the Mini SEABOSS deployed, the research vessel was allowed to drift with occasional power from the vessel to control drift direction. Continuous video was collected over a total of 11.5 km of lake and riverbed. Video drift position was derived from the HYPACK® navigation files based on the start and end times of the drift. For some portions of the drift, there was no navigation, so the position was derived from the time and position stamp in the video at 30-s intervals. A total of 449 photographs were obtained from a digital still camera at user-selected locations along the video drifts. Video drift navigation was merged with bottom photographs based on time of day to establish a position for each photograph.

    Grab samples of the surficial sediment were collected at 15 stations, typically at the end of a drift. The upper 2 cm of sediment was scraped from the surface of the sample for texture analysis. Sediment samples were collected at locations with relatively fine-grained sediment (sand or mud). Samples were not collected in gravel or cobble areas where gravel prevented full closure of the sampler and resulted in a washed-out sample.

    A total of 13 bottom samples were submitted for grain-size analysis. Two partially recovered, washed-out samples were not submitted. Grain-size analysis was performed at the USGS Sediment Laboratory at WHCMSC using methods described by Poppe and others (2005).

  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

    Date: 2008 (process 1 of 2)
    A total of 449 bottom photographs were obtained from a digital camera configured on the mini-SEABOSS. The photographs were taken at user-selected locations along the mini-SEABOSS video drifts.

    Sample locations for sample 1 and 2 were read from the video time stamp, as HYPACK navigation was not available. The position information at the end of the video drift was used as position of the sample. (Samples were acquired at the end of video drifts).

    Person who carried out this activity:

    David S. Foster
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA 02543
    USA

    508 548-8700 x 2271 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    dfoster@usgs.gov

    Date: 2008 (process 2 of 2)
    The digital images were recorded on a compact flash card within the camera. Digital images were downloaded to a local disk and stored within folders with a naming convention based on the Julian Day of data collection. For example, 'bottomphotos155' contains all digital images collected during Julian Day 155.

    Person who carried out this activity:

    David S. Foster
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA 02543
    USA

    508 548-8700 x 2271 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    dfoster@usgs.gov

  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

    Foster, David S. , and Denny, Jane F. , 2009, Quaternary Geologic Framework of the St. Clair River between Michigan and Ontario, Canada: Open-File Report 2009-1137, U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Science Center.

    Online Links:

    D.Blackwood, and Parolski, K., 2001, Seabed observation and sampling system: Sea Technology v. 42, no. 2, p. 39-43, Sea Technology, Arlington, Virginia.

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?

  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?

    Navigation for the mini-SEABOSS:

    Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) navigation data were acquired with a Communications Systems International (CSI), Inc. LGBX Pro receiver. The CSI LGBX Pro received positions from a DGPS antenna located on the port, aft roof of the R/V Rafael cabin. DGPS positions were recorded within HYPACK (www.hypack.com) navigation software. Offsets between the DGPS antenna and the mini-SEABOSS were not measured. DGPS accuracy is 1 to 3 meters, depending on the distance from a US Coast Guard coastal repeater station (<http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/>). However, the horizontal position of the mini-SEABOSS during sample collection is assumed to be +/- 10 meters at best, due to a lack of precise positional data at the time of sample recovery.

    With the mini-SEABOSS deployed, the research vessel was allowed to drift with occasional power from the vessel to control drift direction. Bottom photographs were acquired at user-selected locations along the drift. Video drift position was derived from the HYPACK navigation files based on start and end times. The drift navigation was merged with the digital photographs based on time of day.

  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?

  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?

    Video and digital photographs were collected at 37 locations using the USGS Mini SEABOSS (Blackwood and Parolski, 2001). A total of 449 photographs were obtained from a digital still camera at user-selected locations along the video drifts.

  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?

    All bottom photographs were collected with the mini-SEABOSS (SEABed Observation and Sampling System) by the U.S. Geological Survey within the St. Clair River between Michigan and Ontario, Canada in 2008.

    Gaps in sequential photo numbers exist. If the camera was triggered accidentally on deck or the photograph was of poor quality or location (e.g. photograph within water column), the photograph was not saved.

    Blackwood and Parolski, 2001

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.

  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)

    Jane Denny
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA 02543
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2311 (voice)
    508-457-2311 (FAX)
    jdenny@gmail.com

  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

    Downloadable Data

  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

    Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials.

    Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

  4. How can I download or order the data?

  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?

    This zip file contains locations of the bottom photographs. JPG images are available online and can be individually downloaded and viewed with any software capable of opening a JPG image.

    (gis_catalog/seaboss/photos/bottomphotos155 and gis_catalog/seaboss/photos/bottomphotos156).

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 09-Sep-2010
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey
c/o Jane Denny
Geologist
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA 02543
USA

508-548-8700 x 2311 (voice)
508-457-2310 (FAX)
jdenny@usgs.gov

Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
Metadata extensions used:

Generated by mp version 2.8.25 on Thu Sep 09 13:28:46 2010