Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus clade 2.3.4.4b infections in wild terrestrial mammals, United States, 2022

E. J. Elsmo; A. Wunschmann; Kimberlee B. Beckmen; L. B. Broughton-Neiswanger; E. L. Buckles; J. Hugh Ellis; S. D. Fitzgerald; Robert Gerlach; S. Hawkins; Hon S. Ip; Julia S. Lankton; E. M. Lemley; J. B. Lenoch; M. L. Killian; K. Lantz; L. Long; R. Maes; M. Mainenti; J. Melotti; M. E. Moriarty; S. Nakagun; R. M. Ruden; Valerie I. Shearn-Bochsler; D.A. Thompson; M. K. Torchetti; A. J. Van Wettere; A. G. Wise; A. L. Lim

doi:10.3201/eid2912.230464

Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus clade 2.3.4.4b infections in wild terrestrial mammals, United States, 2022

Emerging Infectious Diseases

By: E. J. Elsmo, A. Wunschmann, Kimberlee B. Beckmen, L. B. Broughton-Neiswanger, E. L. Buckles, J. Hugh Ellis, S. D. Fitzgerald, Robert Gerlach, S. Hawkins, Hon S. Ip, Julia S. Lankton, E. M. Lemley, J. B. Lenoch, M. L. Killian, K. Lantz, L. Long, R. Maes, M. Mainenti, J. Melotti, M. E. Moriarty, S. Nakagun, R. M. Ruden, Valerie I. Shearn-Bochsler, D.A. Thompson, M. K. Torchetti, A. J. Van Wettere, A. G. Wise, and A. L. Lim

https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2912.230464

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Abstract

We describe the pathology of natural infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus of Eurasian lineage Goose/Guangdong clade 2.3.4.4b in 67 wild terrestrial mammals throughout the United States during April 1‒July 21, 2022. Affected mammals include 50 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), 6 striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis), 4 raccoons (Procyon lotor), 2 bobcats (Lynx rufus), 2 Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana), 1 coyote (Canis latrans), 1 fisher (Pekania pennanti), and 1 gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus). Infected mammals showed primarily neurologic signs. Necrotizing meningoencephalitis, interstitial pneumonia, and myocardial necrosis were the most common lesions; however, species variations in lesion distribution were observed. Genotype analysis of sequences from 48 animals indicates that these cases represent spillover infections from wild birds.

Suggested Citation

Elsmo, E.J., Wunschmann, A., Beckmen, K.B., Broughton-Neiswanger, L.B., Buckles, E.L., Ellis, J.H., Fitzgerald, S.D., Gerlach, R., Hawkins, S., Ip, H., Lankton, J.S., Lemley, E., Lenoch, J.B., Killian, M., Lantz, K., Long, L., Maes, R., Mainenti, M., Melotti, J., Moriarty, M.E., Nakagun, S., Ruden, R.M., Shearn-Bochsler, V.I., Thompson, D., Torchetti, M., Van Wettere, A., Wise, A.G., Lim, A.L., 2023, Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus clade 2.3.4.4b infections in wild terrestrial mammals, United States, 2022: Emerging Infectious Diseases, v. 29, no. 12, p. 2451-2460, https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2912.230464.

Additional publication details
Publication type	Article
Publication Subtype	Journal Article
Title	Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus clade 2.3.4.4b infections in wild terrestrial mammals, United States, 2022
Series title	Emerging Infectious Diseases
DOI	10.3201/eid2912.230464
Volume	29
Issue	12
Year Published	2023
Language	English
Publisher	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Contributing office(s)	National Wildlife Health Center
Description	10 p.
First page	2451
Last page	2460