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Metallurgical Coal—Deposits, Production, Resources, Market Dynamics, and Supply Chain Risks

Fact Sheet 2026-3061
Energy Resources Program
By: , , , and 
https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20263061

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Plain Language Summary

Metallurgical coal (met coal; consumed to produce coke for steelmaking) must meet specific chemical and physical specifications. In 2023, the conterminous United States produced 66 million short tons (mst) of met coal, consumed 15.85 mst domestically, exported 51.1 mst, and imported 0.7 mst. Most met coal was produced in the Appalachian Basin, but there are also resources that meet the specifications for met coal in the Western United States.

Suggested Citation

Shaffer, B.N., Alonso, E., Johnston, M.N., and Kinney, S.A., 2026, Metallurgical coal—Deposits, production, resources, market dynamics, and supply chain risks: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2026-3061, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20263061.

ISSN: 2327-6932 (online)

ISSN: 2327-6916 (print)

Study Area

Table of Contents

  • Introduction
  • Coal Resources and Coal Reserves
  • Physical and Chemical Parameters of Metallurgical Coal
  • Supply Chain for Metallurgical Coal
  • International Metallurgical Coal Production and Exports
  • Domestic Metallurgical Coal Production
  • Domestic Metallurgical Coal Reserves and Resources
  • Metallurgical Coal Import Reliance
  • Summary
  • References Cited
  • Glossary
Publication type Report
Publication Subtype USGS Numbered Series
Title Metallurgical coal—Deposits, production, resources, market dynamics, and supply chain risks
Series title Fact Sheet
Series number 2026-3061
DOI 10.3133/fs20263061
Publication Date April 23, 2026
Year Published 2026
Language English
Publisher U.S. Geological Survey
Publisher location Reston VA
Contributing office(s) Central Energy Resources Science Center
Description 6 p.
Country United States
Other Geospatial conterminous United States
Online Only (Y/N) N
Additional publication details