The Role of Street Cleaning on the Water-Quality Performance of a Stormwater Treatment Pond in Madison, Wisconsin

Scientific Investigations Report 2025-5096
Cooperative Research Units
Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and City of Madison
By: , and 

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Abstract

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and the City of Madison, evaluated how street cleaning frequency influences the pollutant removal efficiency of a stormwater treatment pond in Madison, Wisconsin (2020–24). Paired influent and effluent samples were analyzed for nutrients, sediment, and chloride under a weekly and monthly street cleaning scenario.

Results showed that less frequent cleaning (monthly frequency) led to higher pollutant accumulation on streets, increasing influent concentrations of nitrogen and sediment. This, in turn, allowed the pond to achieve higher overall load-reduction percentage compared to weekly cleaning, particularly for total suspended sediment, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. Dissolved phosphorus was an exception where removal was significantly greater under weekly cleaning. One explanation could be related to internal phosphorus release from pond sediments under anoxic conditions. Nearly all events showed net export of chloride from the pond, with effluent loads exceeding influent loads for both street cleaning frequencies.

Suggested Citation

Selbig, W.R., Thiboldeaux, S., and Gaebler, P., 2025, The role of street cleaning on the water-quality performance of a stormwater treatment pond in Madison, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5096, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255096.

ISSN: 2328-0328 (online)

Study Area

Table of Contents

  • Acknowledgments
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Materials and Methods
  • Results and Discussion
  • Implications for Urban Stormwater Management
  • Summary
  • References Cited
Publication type Report
Publication Subtype USGS Numbered Series
Title The role of street cleaning on the water-quality performance of a stormwater treatment pond in Madison, Wisconsin
Series title Scientific Investigations Report
Series number 2025-5096
DOI 10.3133/sir20255096
Publication Date September 29, 2025
Year Published 2025
Language English
Publisher U.S. Geological Survey
Publisher location Reston, VA
Contributing office(s) Upper Midwest Water Science Center
Description Report: vi, 17 p.; Data Release
Country United States
State Wisconsin
City Madison
Other Geospatial Cherokee Park stormwater pond
Online Only (Y/N) Y
Additional Online Files (Y/N) N
Additional publication details