Compression map, functional groups and fossilization: A chemometric approach (Pennsylvanian neuropteroid foliage, Canada)
J. A. D’Angelo, E.L. Zodrow, Maria Mastalerz
2012, International Journal of Coal Geology (90-91) 149-155
Nearly all of the spectrochemical studies involving Carboniferous foliage of seed-ferns are based on a limited number of pinnules, mainly compressions. In contrast, in this paper we illustrate working with a larger pinnate segment, i.e., a 22-cm long neuropteroid specimen, compression-preserved with cuticle, the compression map. The objective is to study...
Community-level response of fishes and aquatic macroinvertebrates to stream restoration in a third-order tributary of the Potomac River, USA
Stephen M. Selego, Charnee L. Rose, George T. Merovich Jr., Stuart A. Welsh, James T. Anderson
2012, International Journal of Ecology
Natural stream channel design principles and riparian restoration practices were applied during spring 2010 to an agriculturally impaired reach of the Cacapon River, a tributary of the Potomac River which flows into the Chesapeake Bay. Aquatic macroinvertebrates and fishes were sampled from the restoration reach, two degraded control, and two...
Population fragmentation and inter-ecosystem movements of grizzly bears in Western Canada and the Northern United States
M.F. Proctor, David Paetkau, B. N. McLellan, G.B. Stenhouse, K.C. Kendall, R.D. Mace, W.F. Kasworm, C. Servheen, C.L. Lausen, M.L. Gibeau, W.L. Wakkinen, M.A. Haroldson, G. Mowat, C.D. Apps, L.M. Ciarniello, R.M.R. Barclay, M.S. Boyce, C.C. Schwartz, C. Strobeck
2012, Wildlife Monographs 1-46
Population fragmentation compromises population viability, reduces a species ability to respond to climate change, and ultimately may reduce biodiversity. We studied the current state and potential causes of fragmentation in grizzly bears over approximately 1,000,000 km 2 of western Canada, the northern United States (US), and southeast Alaska. We...
Hydrological effects of the increased CO2 and climate change in the Upper Mississippi River Basin using a modified SWAT
Y. Wu, S. Liu, O. I. Abdul-Aziz
2012, Climatic Change (110) 977-1003
Increased atmospheric CO2 concentration and climate change may significantly impact the hydrological and meteorological processes of a watershed system. Quantifying and understanding hydrological responses to elevated ambient CO2 and climate change is, therefore, critical for formulating adaptive strategies for an appropriate management of water resources. In this study, the Soil...
Rapid microsatellite identification from illumina paired-end genomic sequencing in two birds and a snake
T.A. Castoe, A.W. Poole, A. P. J. de Koning, K.L. Jones, D.F. Tomback, Sara J. Oyler-McCance, Jennifer A. Fike, S.L. Lance, J.W. Streicher, E.N. Smith, D.D. Pollock
2012, PLoS ONE (7)
Identification of microsatellites, or simple sequence repeats (SSRs), can be a time-consuming and costly investment requiring enrichment, cloning, and sequencing of candidate loci. Recently, however, high throughput sequencing (with or without prior enrichment for specific SSR loci) has been utilized to identify SSR loci. The direct “Seq-to-SSR” approach has an...
Semiochemical compounds of preen secretion reflect genetic make-up in a seabird species
S. Leclaire, T. Merkling, C. Raynaud, Herve Mulard, J.-M. Bessiere, E.M. Lhuillier, Scott A. Hatch, E. Danchin
2012, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (279) 1185-1193
Several vertebrates choose their mate according to genetic heterozygosity and relatedness, and use odour cues to assess their conspecifics' genetic make-up. In birds, although several species (including the black-legged kittiwake) exhibit non-random mating according to genetic traits, the cues used to assess genetic characteristics remain unknown. The importance of olfaction...
Wolf population dynamics in the U.S. Northern Rocky Mountains are affected by recruitment and human-caused mortality
J.A. Gude, M.S. Mitchell, Robin E. Russell, C.A. Sime, E.E. Bangs, L.D. Mech, R.R. Ream
2012, Journal of Wildlife Management (76) 108-118
Reliable analyses can help wildlife managers make good decisions, which are particularly critical for controversial decisions such as wolf (Canis lupus) harvest. Creel and Rotella (2010) recently predicted substantial population declines in Montana wolf populations due to harvest, in contrast to predictions made by Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks (MFWP)....
Isotopically modified nanoparticles for enhanced detection in bioaccumulation studies
S.K. Misra, A. Dybowska, D. Berhanu, Marie Noele Croteau, Samuel N. Luoma, A.R. Boccaccini, E. Valsami-Jones
2012, Environmental Science & Technology (46) 1216-1222
This work presents results on synthesis of isotopically enriched (99% 65Cu) copper oxide nanoparticles and its application in ecotoxicological studies. 65CuO nanoparticles were synthesized as spheres (7 nm) and rods (7 × 40 nm). Significant differences were observed between the reactivity and dissolution of spherical and rod shaped nanoparticles. The extreme sensitivity...
Microsatellite marker isolation and development for the giant Pacific Octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini)
Rebecca K. Toussaint, G. Kevin Sage, Sandra L. Talbot, David Scheel
2012, Conservation Genetics Resources (4) 545-548
We isolated and developed 18 novel microsatellite markers for the giant Pacific octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini) and examined them for 31 individuals from Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska. These loci displayed moderate levels of allelic diversity (averaging 11 alleles per locus) and heterozygosity (averaging 65%). Seven loci deviated from Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium...
Roles of saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) and capillary rise in salinizing a non-flooding terrace on a flow-regulated desert river
E. P. Glenn, K. Morino, Pamela L. Nagler, R. S. Murray, S. Pearlstein, K. R. Hultine
2012, Journal of Arid Environments (79) 56-65
Tamarix spp. (saltcedar) secretes salts and has been considered to be a major factor contributing to the salinization of river terraces in western US riparian zones. However, salinization can also occur from the capillary rise of salts from the aquifer into the vadose zone. We investigated the roles of saltcedar and...
Induction of anti-viral genes during acute infection with Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) genogroup IVa in Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii)
John D. Hansen, James C. Woodson, Paul K. Hershberger, Courtney Grady, Jacob L. Gregg, Maureen K. Purcell
2012, Fish and Shellfish Immunology (32) 259-267
Infection with the aquatic rhabdovirus Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) genogroup IVa results in high mortality in Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) and is hypothesized to be a potential limiting factor for herring recovery. To investigate anti-viral immunity in the Pacific herring, four immune response genes were identified: the myxovirus resistance (Clpa-Mx), a...
Evidence for earthquake triggering of large landslides in coastal Oregon, USA
W.H. Schulz, S.L. Galloway, J.D. Higgins
2012, Geomorphology (141-142) 88-98
Landslides are ubiquitous along the Oregon coast. Many are large, deep slides in sedimentary rock and are dormant or active only during the rainy season. Morphology, observed movement rates, and total movement suggest that many are at least several hundreds of years old. The offshore Cascadia subduction zone produces great...
Determination of sediment provenance by unmixing the mineralogy of source-area sediments: The "SedUnMix" program
John T. Andrews, D. D. Eberl
2012, Marine Geology (291-294) 24-33
Along the margins of areas such as Greenland and Baffin Bay, sediment composition reflects a complex mixture of sources associated with the transport of sediment in sea ice, icebergs, melt-water and turbidite plumes. Similar situations arise in many contexts associated with sediment transport and with the mixing of sediments from...
Intra- and inter-annual trends in phosphorus loads and comparison with nitrogen loads to Rehoboth Bay, Delaware (USA)
J.A. Volk, J.R. Scudlark, K.B. Savidge, A.S. Andres, R.J. Stenger, W.J. Ullman
2012, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (96) 139-150
Monthly phosphorus loads from uplands, atmospheric deposition, and wastewater to Rehoboth Bay (Delaware) were determined from October 1998 to April 2002 to evaluate the relative importance of these three sources of P to the Bay. Loads from a representative subwatershed were determined and used in an areal extrapolation to estimate the upland load from the...
Macondo-1 well oil-derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mesozooplankton from the northern Gulf of Mexico
Siddhartha Mitra, David G. Kimmel, Jessica Snyder, Kimberly Scalise, Benjamin D. McGlaughon, Michael R. Roman, Ginger L. Jahn, James J. Pierson, Stephen B. Brandt, Joseph P. Montoya, Robert J. Rosenbauer, T.D. Lorenson, Florence L. Wong, Pamela L. Campbell
2012, Geophysical Research Letters (39)
Mesozooplankton (>200 μm) collected in August and September of 2010 from the northern Gulf of Mexico show evidence of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that distributions of PAHs extracted from mesozooplankton were related to the oil released from the ruptured British Petroleum Macondo-1 (M-1) well...
Relationships between yolk androgens and nest density, laying date, and laying order in Western Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia hypugaea)
J.L. Welty, J.R. Belthoff, J. Egbert, H. Schwabl
2012, Canadian Journal of Zoology (90) 182-192
Increases in yolk androgens within and among avian clutches have been correlated with decreased incubation time, increased aggression within a nest, increased begging behaviour, decreased immune response, and decreased life span. Although the mechanisms that lead to variability in yolk androgens within and between clutches are not completely known, yolk...
A newly discovered impact crater in Titan's Senkyo: Cassini VIMS observations and comparison with other impact features
B. J. Buratti, Christophe Sotin, K. Lawrence, R. H. Brown, Stéphane Le Mouélic, J.M. Soderblom, J. Barnes, Roger N. Clark, K. H. Baines, P. D. Nicholson
2012, Planetary and Space Science (60) 18-25
Senkyo is an equatorial plain on Titan filled with dunes and surrounded by hummocky plateaus. During the Titan targeted flyby T61 on August 25, 2009, the Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) onboard the Cassini spacecraft observed a circular feature, centered at 5.4° N and 341°W, that superimposes the dune fields and a...
Freshwater to seawater transitions in migratory fishes
Joseph D. Zydlewski, Michael P. Wilkie
2012, Book chapter, Fish Physiology
The transition from freshwater to seawater is integral to the life history of many fishes. Diverse migratory fishes express anadromous, catadromous, and amphidromous life histories, while others make incomplete transits between freshwater and seawater. The physiological mechanisms of osmoregulation are widely conserved among phylogenetically diverse species. Diadromous fishes moving between...
Geometry and subsidence history of the Dead Sea basin: A case for fluid-induced mid-crustal shear zone?
Uri S. ten Brink, C.H. Flores
2012, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (117)
Pull‐apart basins are narrow zones of crustal extension bounded by strike‐slip faults that can serve as analogs to the early stages of crustal rifting. We use seismic tomography, 2‐D ray tracing, gravity modeling, and subsidence analysis to study crustal extension of the Dead...
A multi-source satellite data approach for modelling Lake Turkana water level: Calibration and validation using satellite altimetry data
N.M. Velpuri, Gabriel B. Senay, K.O. Asante
2012, Hydrology and Earth System Sciences (16) 1-18
Lake Turkana is one of the largest desert lakes in the world and is characterized by high degrees of inter- and intra-annual fluctuations. The hydrology and water balance of this lake have not been well understood due to its remote location and unavailability of reliable ground truth datasets. Managing surface...
Calibration of amino acid racemization (AAR) kinetics in United States mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain Quaternary mollusks using 87Sr/ 86Sr analyses: Evaluation of kinetic models and estimation of regional Late Pleistocene temperature history
J.F. Wehmiller, W.B. Harris, B.S. Boutin, K.M. Farrell
2012, Quaternary Geochronology (7) 21-36
The use of amino acid racemization (AAR) for estimating ages of Quaternary fossils usually requires a combination of kinetic and effective temperature modeling or independent age calibration of analyzed samples. Because of limited availability of calibration samples, age estimates are often...
Advancing representation of hydrologic processes in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) through integration of the TOPographic MODEL (TOPMODEL) features
J. Chen, Y. Wu
2012, Journal of Hydrology (420-421) 319-328
This paper presents a study of the integration of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model and the TOPographic MODEL (TOPMODEL) features for enhancing the physical representation of hydrologic processes. In SWAT, four hydrologic processes, which are surface runoff, baseflow, groundwater re-evaporation and deep aquifer percolation, are modeled by...
Mapping ground surface deformation using temporarily coherent point SAR interferometry: Application to Los Angeles Basin
L. Zhang, Zhong Lu, X. Ding, H.-S. Jung, G. Feng, C.-W. Lee
2012, Remote Sensing of Environment (117) 429-439
Multi-temporal interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is an effective tool to detect long-term seismotectonic motions by reducing the atmospheric artifacts, thereby providing more precise deformation signal. The commonly used approaches such as persistent scatterer InSAR (PSInSAR) and small baseline subset (SBAS) algorithms need to resolve the phase ambiguities in interferogram...
Simultaneous oxidation of arsenic and antimony at low and circumneutral pH, with and without microbial catalysis
Maria P. Asta, D. Kirk Nordstrom, R. Blaine McCleskey
2012, Applied Geochemistry (27) 281-291
Arsenic and Sb are common mine-water pollutants and their toxicity and fate are strongly influenced by redox processes. In this study, simultaneous Fe(II), As(III) and Sb(III) oxidation experiments were conducted to obtain rates under laboratory conditions similar to those found in the field for mine waters of both low and...
Measuring Historical Coastal Change using GIS and the Change Polygon Approach
M.J. Smith, R.G. Cromley
2012, Transactions in GIS (16) 3-15
This study compares two automated approaches, the transect‐from‐baseline technique and a new change polygon method, for quantifying historical coastal change over time. The study shows that the transect‐from‐baseline technique is complicated by choice of a proper baseline as well as generating transects that intersect with each other rather than with...
