Evidence and biogeochemical implications for glacially-derived sediments in an active margin cold seep
John W. Pohlman, Michael Riedel, Ivana Novosel, James E. Bauer, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Charles K. Paull, Richard B. Coffin, Kenneth S. Grabowski, David L. Knies, Roy D. Hyndman, George D. Spence
2011, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2011)
Delineating sediment organic matter origins and sediment accumulation rates at gas hydratebearing and hydrocarbon seeps is complicated by the microbial transfer of 13C-depleted and 14Cdepleted methane carbon into sedimentary pools. Sediment 13C and 14C measurements from four cores recovered at Bullseye vent on the northern Cascadia margin are used to...
A petroleum system model for gas hydrate deposits in northern Alaska
T.D. Lorenson, Timothy S. Collett, Florence L. Wong
2011, Conference Paper
Gas hydrate deposits are common on the North Slope of Alaska around Prudhoe Bay, however the extent of these deposits is unknown outside of this area. As part of a United States Geological Survey (USGS) and the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) gas hydrate research collaboration, well cutting and mud...
Inter-laboratory comparison of wave velocity measures.
William F. Waite, J.C. Santamarina, M. Rydzy, S.H. Chong, J.L.H. Grozic, K. Hester, J. Howard, T.J. Kneafsey, J.Y. Lee, S. Nakagawa, J. Priest, E. Reese, H. Koh, E. D. Sloan, A. Sultaniya
2011, Book, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2011)
This paper presents an eight-laboratory comparison of compressional and shear wave velocities measured in F110 Ottawa sand. The study was run to quantify the physical property variations one should expect in heterogeneous, multiphase porous materials by separately quantifying the variability inherent in the measurement techniques themselves. Comparative tests were run...
Design of forest bird monitoring for strategic habitat conservation on Kaua'i Island, Hawai'i
Richard J. Camp, P. Marcos Gorresen
2011, Technical Report HCSU-022
This report was commissioned by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). The purpose was to develop a monitoring program for Kaua`i forest birds in the USFWS Strategic Habitat Conservation and adaptive management frameworks. Monitoring within those frameworks is a tool to assess resource responses to management and conservation actions,...
Environmental flow allocation and statistics calculator
Christopher P. Konrad
2011, Open-File Report 2011-1166
The Environmental Flow Allocation and Statistics Calculator (EFASC) is a computer program that calculates hydrologic statistics based on a time series of daily streamflow values. EFASC will calculate statistics for daily streamflow in an input file or will generate synthetic daily flow series from an input file based on rules...
Geochemistry of hydrothermal fluids from the PACMANUS, Northeast Pual and Vienna Woods hydrothermal fields, Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea
Eoghan P. Reeves, Jeffrey S. Seewald, Peter Saccocia, Wolfgang Bach, Paul R. Craddock, Wayne C Shanks, Sean P. Sylva, Emily Walsh, Thomas Pichler, Martin Rosner
2011, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (75) 1088-1123
Processes controlling the composition of seafloor hydrothermal fluids in silicic back-arc or near-arc crustal settings remain poorly constrained despite growing evidence for extensive magmatic–hydrothermal activity in such environments. We conducted a survey of vent fluid compositions from two contrasting sites in the Manus back-arc basin, Papua New Guinea, to examine...
Direction of unsaturated flow in a homogeneous and isotropic hillslope
Ning Lu, Basak Sener Kaya, Jonathan W. Godt
2011, Water Resources Research (47)
The distribution of soil moisture in a homogeneous and isotropic hillslope is a transient, variably saturated physical process controlled by rainfall characteristics, hillslope geometry, and the hydrological properties of the hillslope materials. The major driving mechanisms for moisture movement are gravity and gradients in matric potential. The latter is solely...
Simulation of the shallow groundwater-flow system near Mole Lake, Forest County, Wisconsin
Michael N. Fienen, Paul F. Juckem, Randall J. Hunt
2011, Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5080
The shallow groundwater system near Mole Lake, Forest County, Wis. was simulated using a previously calibrated regional model. The previous model was updated using newly collected water-level measurements and refinements to surface-water features. The updated model was then used to calculate the area contributing recharge for one existing and two...
Genetic landscapes GIS Toolbox: Tools to map patterns of genetic divergence and diversity.
Amy G. Vandergast, William M. Perry, Roberto V. Lugo, Stacie A. Hathaway
2011, Molecular Ecology Resources (11) 158-161
The Landscape Genetics GIS Toolbox contains tools that run in the Geographic Information System software, ArcGIS®, to map genetic landscapes and to summarize multiple genetic landscapes as average and variance surfaces. These tools can be used to visualize the distribution of genetic diversity across geographic space and to study associations...
Gene expression changes in female zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain in response to acute exposure to methylmercury
Catherine A. Richter, Natàlia Garcia-Reyero, Chris Martyniuk, Iris Knoebl, Marie Pope, Maureen K. Wright-Osment, Nancy D. Denslow, Donald E. Tillitt
2011, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (30) 301-308
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a potent neurotoxicant and endocrine disruptor that accumulates in aquatic systems. Previous studies have shown suppression of hormone levels in both male and female fish, suggesting effects on gonadotropin regulation in the brain. The gene expression profile in adult female zebrafish whole brain induced by acute (96 h)...
Application of a watershed model (HSPF) for evaluating sources and transport of pathogen indicators in the Chino Basin drainage area, San Bernardino County, California
Joseph Hevesi, Lorraine E. Flint, Clinton D. Church, Gregory O. Mendez
2011, Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5219
A watershed model using Hydrologic Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) was developed for the urbanized Chino Basin in southern California to simulate the transport of pathogen indicator bacteria, evaluate the flow-component and land-use contributions to bacteria contamination and water-quality degradation throughout the basin, and develop a better understanding of the potential effects...
Mapping perennial vegetation cover in the Mojave Desert
Cynthia S.A. Wallace
2011, Fact Sheet 2011-3077
Scientists with the U.S. Geological Survey's Western Geographic Science Center have recently created a regional map of perennial vegetation cover for the Mojave Desert. The scientists used existing field data collected for a variety of previous studies and satellite data available for free through USGS archives to create a calibrated...
The international charter for space and major disasters--project manager training
Brenda Jones
2011, General Information Product 131
Regional Project Managers for the Charter are developed through training courses, which typically last between 3 and 5 days and are held in a central location for participants. These courses have resulted in increased activations and broader use of Charter data and information by local emergency management authorities. Project Managers...
Analysis of watersheds monitored by the U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging station network in the Upper Colorado River Basin
Terry A. Kenney, Susan G. Buto, David D. Susong
2011, Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5081
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has operated streamflow-gaging stations in 1,053 watersheds in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) since 1894. Currently, 223 of these streamgages are active. This report presents selected watershed characteristics for 10,338 watersheds in the UCRB. These watersheds are compared to the watersheds upstream of USGS...
Diel biogeochemical processes and their effect on the aqueous chemistry of streams: A review
David A. Nimick, Christopher H. Gammons, Stephen R. Parker
2011, Chemical Geology (283) 3-17
This review summarizes biogeochemical processes that operate on diel, or 24-h, time scales in streams and the changes in aqueous chemistry that are associated with these processes. Some biogeochemical processes, such as those producing diel cycles of dissolved O2 and pH, were the first to be studied, whereas processes producing...
Diel biogeochemical processes in terrestrial waters
David A. Nimick, Chris Gammons
2011, Chemical Geology (283) 1-2
Many biogeochemical processes in rivers and lakes respond to the solar photocycle and produce persistent patterns of measureable phenomena that exhibit a day–night, or 24-h, cycle. Despite a large body of recent literature, the mechanisms responsible for these diel fluctuations are widely debated, with a growing consensus that combinations...
Three types of gas hydrate reservoirs in the Gulf of Mexico identified in LWD data
Myung Woong Lee, Timothy S. Collett
2011, Book, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates
High quality logging-while-drilling (LWD) well logs were acquired in seven wells drilled during the Gulf of Mexico Gas Hydrate Joint Industry Project Leg II in the spring of 2009. These data help to identify three distinct types of gas hydrate reservoirs: isotropic reservoirs in sands, vertical fractured reservoirs in shale,...
Beaufort Sea deep-water gas hydrate recovery from a seafloor mound in a region of widespread BSR occurrence
Patrick E. Hart, John W. Pohlman, T.D. Lorenson, Brian D. Edwards
2011, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 7th international conference on gas hydrates (ICGH 2011)
Gas hydrate was recovered from the Alaskan Beaufort Sea slope north of Camden Bay in August 2010 during a U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Healy expedition (USCG cruise ID HLY1002) under the direction of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Interpretation of multichannel seismic (MCS) reflection data collected in 1977 by the...
Relation of hydrologic processes to groundwater and surface-water levels and flow directions in a dune-beach complex at Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore and Beverly Shores, Indiana
Paul M. Buszka, David A. Cohen, David C. Lampe, Noel B. Pavlovic
2011, Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5073
The potential for high groundwater levels to cause wet basements (groundwater flooding) is of concern to residents of communities in northwestern Indiana. Changes in recharge from precipitation increases during 2006-9, water-level changes from restoration of nearby wetlands in the Great Marsh in 1998-2002, and changes in recharge due to the...
USGS library for S-PLUS for Windows -- Release 4.0
David L. Lorenz, Elizabeth A. Ahearn, Janet M. Carter, Timothy A. Cohn, Wendy J. Danchuk, Jeffrey W. Frey, Dennis R. Helsel, Kathy Lee, David C. Leeth, Jeffrey D. Martin, Virginia L. McGuire, Kathleen M. Neitzert, Dale M. Robertson, James R. Slack, J. Jeffrey Starn, Aldo V. Vecchia, Donald H. Wilkison, Joyce E. Williamson
2011, Open-File Report 2011-1130
Release 4.0 of the U.S. Geological Survey S-PLUS library supercedes release 2.1. It comprises functions, dialogs, and datasets used in the U.S. Geological Survey for the analysis of water-resources data. This version does not contain ESTREND, which was in version 2.1. See Release 2.1 for information and access to that...
Developing seismogenic source models based on geologic fault data
Kathleen M. Haller, Roberto Basili
2011, Seismological Research Letters (82) 519-525
Calculating seismic hazard usually requires input that includes seismicity associated with known faults, historical earthquake catalogs, geodesy, and models of ground shaking. This paper will address the input generally derived from geologic studies that augment the short historical catalog to predict ground shaking at time scales of tens, hundreds, or...
Growth rate variation among passerine species in tropical and temperate sites: an antagonistic interaction between parental food provisioning and nest predation risk
Thomas E. Martin, Penn Llyod, Carlos Bosque, Daniel C. Barton, Atilio L. Biancucci, Yi-Ru Cheng, Riccardo Ton
2011, Evolution (65) 1607-1622
Causes of interspecific variation in growth rates within and among geographic regions remain poorly understood. Passerine birds represent an intriguing case because differing theories yield the possibility of an antagonistic interaction between nest predation risk and food delivery rates on evolution of growth rates. We test this possibility among 64...
Bedform response to flow variability
Jonathan M. Nelson, Brandy L. Logan, Paul J. Kinzel, Y. Shimizu, S. Giri, R.L. Shreve, S.R. McLean
2011, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (36) 1938-1947
Laboratory observations and computational results for the response of bedform fields to rapid variations in discharge are compared and discussed. The simple case considered here begins with a relatively low discharge over a flat bed on which bedforms are initiated, followed by a short high-flow period with double the original...
Hydrogeophysical investigations at Hidden Dam, Raymond, California
Burke J. Minsley, Bethany L. Burton, Scott Ikard, Michael H. Powers
2011, Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics (16) 145-164
Self-potential and direct current resistivity surveys are carried out at the Hidden Dam site in Raymond, California to assess present-day seepage patterns and better understand the hydrogeologic mechanisms that likely influence seepage. Numerical modeling is utilized in conjunction with the geophysical measurements to predict variably-saturated flow through typical two-dimensional...
Modeling hydrodynamics, water temperature, and water quality in the Klamath River upstream of Keno Dam, Oregon, 2006-09
Annett B. Sullivan, Stewart A. Rounds, Michael L. Deas, Jessica R. Asbill, Roy E. Wellman, Marc A. Stewart, Matthew W. Johnston, I. Ertugrul Sogutlugil
2011, Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5105
A hydrodynamic, water temperature, and water-quality model was constructed for a 20-mile reach of the Klamath River downstream of Upper Klamath Lake, from Link River to Keno Dam, for calendar years 2006-09. The two-dimensional, laterally averaged model CE-QUAL-W2 was used to simulate water velocity, ice cover, water temperature, specific conductance,...
