Occurrence of avian Plasmodium and West Nile virus in culex species in Wisconsin
T. Hughes, P. Irwin, E. Hofmeister, S.M. Paskewitz
2010, Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association (26) 24-31
The occurrence of multiple pathogens in mosquitoes and birds could affect the dynamics of disease transmission. We collected adult Culex pipiens and Cx. restuans (Cx. pipiens/restuans hereafter) from sites in Wisconsin and tested them for West Nile virus (WNV) and for avian malaria (Plasmodium). Gravid Cx. pipiens/restuans were tested for...
Agricultural wetlands as potential hotspots for mercury bioaccumulation: Experimental evidence using caged fish
Joshua T. Ackerman, Collin A. Eagles-Smith
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 1451-1457
Wetlands provide numerous ecosystem services, but also can be sources of methylmercury (MeHg) production and export. Rice agricultural wetlands in particular may be important sites for MeHg bioaccumulation due to their worldwide ubiquity, periodic flooding schedules, and high use by wildlife. We assessed MeHg bioaccumulation within agricultural and perennial wetlands...
Statistical assessment of DNA extraction reagent lot variability in real-time quantitative PCR
R.N. Bushon, C.M. Kephart, G. F. Koltun, D.S. Francy, F. W. Schaefer III, H.D. Alan Lindquist
2010, Letters in Applied Microbiology (50) 276-282
Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the variability in lots of a DNA extraction kit using real-time PCR assays for Bacillus anthracis, Francisella tularensis and Vibrio cholerae. Methods and Results: Replicate aliquots of three bacteria were processed in duplicate with three different lots of a commercial DNA...
Mapping elevations of tidal wetland restoration sites in San Francisco Bay: Comparing accuracy of aerial lidar with a singlebeam echosounder
N.D. Athearn, John Y. Takekawa, B. Jaffe, B.J. Hattenbach, A.C. Foxgrover
2010, Journal of Coastal Research (26) 312-319
The southern edge of San Francisco Bay is surrounded by former salt evaporation ponds, where tidal flow has been restricted since the mid to late 1890s. These ponds are now the focus of a large wetland restoration project, and accurate measurement of current pond bathymetry and adjacent mud flats has...
A palynological biozonation for the uppermost Santonian and Campanian Stages (Upper Cretaceous) of South Carolina, USA
R. A. Christopher, D.C. Prowell
2010, Cretaceous Research (31) 101-129
Five palynological biozones are proposed for the uppermost Santonian and Campanian Stages of South Carolina. In ascending stratigraphic order, these highest-occurrence interval zones are the Osculapollis vestibulus (Ov) Biozone, the Holkopollenites propinquus (Hp) Biozone, the Holkopollenites forix (Hf) Biozone, the Complexiopollis abditus (Ca) Biozone, and the Osculapollis aequalis (Oa) Biozone....
Paleomagnetic results from Tertiary volcanic strata and intrusions, Absaroka Volcanic Supergroup, Yellowstone National Park and vicinity: Contributions to the North American apparent polar wander path
S. S. Harlan, L. A. Morgan
2010, Tectonophysics (485) 245-259
We report paleomagnetic and rock magnetic data from volcanic, volcaniclastic, and intrusive rocks of the 55-44Ma Absaroka Volcanic Supergroup (AVS) exposed along the northeastern margin of Yellowstone National Park and adjacent areas. Demagnetization behavior and rock magnetic experiments indicate that the remanence in most samples is carried by low-Ti titanomagnetite,...
Tuning stochastic matrix models with hydrologic data to predict the population dynamics of a riverine fish
P.C. Sakaris, E.R. Irwin
2010, Ecological Applications (20) 483-496
We developed stochastic matrix models to evaluate the effects of hydrologic alteration and variable mortality on the population dynamics of a lotie fish in a regulated river system. Models were applied to a representative lotic fish species, the flathead catfish (Pylodictis olivaris), for which two populations were examined: a native...
Ecological hierarchies and self-organisation - Pattern analysis, modelling and process integration across scales
H. Reuter, F. Jopp, J. M. Blanco-Moreno, C. Damgaard, Y. Matsinos, D.L. DeAngelis
2010, Basic and Applied Ecology (11) 572-581
A continuing discussion in applied and theoretical ecology focuses on the relationship of different organisational levels and on how ecological systems interact across scales. We address principal approaches to cope with complex across-level issues in ecology by applying elements of hierarchy theory and the theory of complex adaptive systems. A...
Impacts of hikers on aquatic invertebrates in the North Fork of the Virgin River, Utah
A.M. Caires, M.R. Vinson, A.M.D. Brasher
2010, Southwestern Naturalist (55) 551-557
Effects of in-stream hiking on benthic standing stocks and drifting aquatic invertebrates and on organic matter were examined in the North Fork of the Virgin River, Zion National Park, Washington County, Utah. Densities of drifting aquatic invertebrates and organic matter increased with increasing numbers of hikers and reached a threshold...
Selection, trans-species polymorphism, and locus identification of major histocompatibility complex class IIβ alleles of New World ranid frogs
Karen M. Kiemnec-Tyburczy, Jonathan Q. Richmond, Anna E. Savage, Kelly R. Zamudio
2010, Immunogenetics (62) 741-751
Genes encoded by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) play key roles in the vertebrate immune system. However, our understanding of the evolutionary processes and underlying genetic mechanisms shaping these genes is limited in many taxa, including amphibians, a group currently impacted by emerging infectious diseases. To further elucidate the evolution...
Determination of stress parameters for eight well-recorded earthquakes in eastern North America
D.M. Boore, K.W. Campbell, G. M. Atkinson
2010, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (100) 1632-1645
We determined the stress parameter, Δσ, for the eight earthquakes studied by Atkinson and Boore (2006), using an updated dataset and a revised point-source stochastic model that captures the effect of a finite fault. We consider four geometrical-spreading functions, ranging from 1/R at all distances to two- or three-part functions....
Satellite observations of a surtseyan eruption: Hunga Ha'apai, Tonga
R. Greg Vaughan, Peter W. Webley
2010, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (198) 177-186
On March 17, 2009, a surtseyan eruption occurred around Hunga Ha'apai Island, Tonga. A series of observations from the high-spatial resolution Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER), and the high-temporal resolution Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), was used to estimate the magnitude, location, start time, and duration of...
Detrital zircon provenance from three turbidite depocenters of the Middle-Upper Triassic Songpan-Ganzi complex, central China: Record of collisional tectonics, erosional exhumation, and sediment production
A.L. Weislogel, S.A. Graham, E. Z. Chang, J. L. Wooden, G. E. Gehrels
2010, Geological Society of America Bulletin (122) 2041-2062
To test the idea that the voluminous upper Middle to Upper Triassic turbidite strata in the Songpan-Ganzi complex of central China archive a detrital record of Dabie ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) terrane unroofing, we report 2080 single detrital U-Pb zircon ages by sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe-reverse geometry (SHRIMP-RG) and laser ablation-inductively coupled...
Seismic hazard mapping of California considering site effects
E. Kalkan, C.J. Wills, D.M. Branum
2010, Earthquake Spectra (26) 1039-1055
In this paper, we have combined the U.S. Geological Survey's National Seismic Hazard Maps model with the California geologic map showing 17 generalized geologic units that can be defined by their VS30. We regrouped these units into seven VS30 values and calculated a probabilistic seismic hazard map for the entire...
The annual cycles of phytoplankton biomass
Monika Winder, James E. Cloern
2010, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (365) 3215-3226
Terrestrial plants are powerful climate sentinels because their annual cycles of growth, reproduction and senescence are finely tuned to the annual climate cycle having a period of one year. Consistency in the seasonal phasing of terrestrial plant activity provides a relatively low-noise background from which phenological shifts can be detected...
Geological evolution of the Antongil Craton, NE Madagascar
D. I. Schofield, Ronald J. Thomas, K. M. Goodenough, B. De Waele, P. E. J. Pitfield, R. M. Key, W. Bauer, G. J. Walsh, D. J. Lidke, A.V. Ralison, M. Rabarimanana, J. M. Rafahatelo, T. Randriamananjara
2010, Precambrian Research (182) 187-203
The Antongil Craton, along with the Masora and Antananarivo cratons, make up the fundamental Archaean building blocks of the island of Madagascar. They were juxtaposed during the late-Neoproterozoic to early Palaeozoic assembly of Gondwana. In this paper we give a synthesis of the geology of the Antongil Craton and present...
Accuracy of gap analysis habitat models in predicting physical features for wildlife-habitat associations in the southwest U.S.
K.G. Boykin, B.C. Thompson, S. Propeck-Gray
2010, Ecological Modelling (221) 2769-2775
Despite widespread and long-standing efforts to model wildlife-habitat associations using remotely sensed and other spatially explicit data, there are relatively few evaluations of the performance of variables included in predictive models relative to actual features on the landscape. As part of the National Gap Analysis Program, we specifically examined physical...
Characterization of dissolved organic matter in fogwater by excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy
J.E. Birdwell, K.T. Valsaraj
2010, Atmospheric Environment (44) 3246-3253
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) present in fogwater samples collected in southeastern Louisiana and central-eastern China has been characterized using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy. The goal of the study was to illustrate the utility of fluorescence for obtaining information on the large fraction of organic carbon in fogwaters (typically >40% by...
Coal lithotypes before and after saturation with CO2; insights from micro- and mesoporosity, fluidity, and functional group distribution
Maria Mastalerz, A. Drobniak, R. Walker, D. Morse
2010, International Journal of Coal Geology (83) 467-474
Four lithotypes, vitrain, bright clarain, clarain, and fusain, were hand-picked from the core of the Pennsylvanian Springfield Coal Member (Petersburg Formation) in Illinois. These lithotypes were analyzed petrographically and for meso- and micropore characteristics, functional group distribution using FTIR techniques, and fluidity. High-pressure CO2 adsorption isotherm analyses of these lithotypes...
Use of chemosensory cues as repellents for sea lamprey: Potential directions for population management
I. Imre, G.E. Brown, R.A. Bergstedt, R. McDonald
2010, Journal of Great Lakes Research (36) 790-793
Sea lamprey invaded the Great Lakes in the early 20th century and caused an abrupt decline in the population densities of several native fish species. The integrated management of this invasive species is composed of chemical (lampricide) applications, low-head barrier dams, adult trapping and sterile male release. Recently, there has...
Seismic hazard of the Enriquillog-Plantain Garden fault in Haiti inferred from palaeoseismology
C.S. Prentice, P. Mann, A. J. Crone, R.D. Gold, K.W. Hudnut, R.W. Briggs, R.D. Koehler, P. Jean
2010, Nature Geoscience (3) 789-793
The Enriquillog-Plantain Garden fault zone is recognized as one of the primary plate-bounding fault systems in Haiti. The strike-slip fault runs adjacent to the city of Port-au-Prince and was initially thought to be the source of the 12 January 2010, M w 7.0 earthquake. Haiti experienced significant earthquakes in 1751...
Canopy gap dynamics of second-growth red spruce-northern hardwood stands in West Virginia
J.S. Rentch, T.M. Schuler, G.J. Nowacki, N.R. Beane, W.M. Ford
2010, Forest Ecology and Management (260) 1921-1929
Forest restoration requires an understanding of the natural disturbance regime of the target community and estimates of the historic range of variability of ecosystem components (composition, structure, and disturbance processes). Management prescriptions that support specific restoration activities should be consistent with these parameters. In this study, we describe gap-phase dynamics...
Establishing the Antarctic Dome C community reference standard site towards consistent measurements from Earth observation satellites
C. Cao, S. Uprety, J. Xiong, A. Wu, P. Jing, D. Smith, G. Chander, N. Fox, S. Ungar
2010, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing (36) 498-513
Establishing satellite measurement consistency by using common desert sites has become increasingly more important not only for climate change detection but also for quantitative retrievals of geophysical variables in satellite applications. Using the Antarctic Dome C site (75°06′S, 123°21′E, elevation 3.2 km) for satellite radiometric calibration and validation (Cal/Val) is...
Gravity modeling of the Muertos Trough and tectonic implications (north-eastern Caribbean)
Bruna J.L. Granja, A. Munoz-Martin, Uri S. ten Brink, Andres Carbo-Gorosabel, Estrada P. Llanes, J. Martin-Davila, D. Cordoba-Barba, Morollon M. Catalan
2010, Marine Geophysical Research (31) 263-283
The Muertos Trough in the northeast Caribbean has been interpreted as a subduction zone from seismicity, leading to infer a possible reversal subduction polarity. However, the distribution of the seismicity is very diffuse and makes definition of the plate geometry difficult. In addition, the compressive deformational features observed in the...
Inter-comparison of hydro-climatic regimes across northern catchments: Synchronicity, resistance and resilience
S.K. Carey, D. Tetzlaff, J. Seibert, C. Soulsby, J. Buttle, H. Laudon, J. McDonnell, K. McGuire, D. Caissie, J. Shanley, M. Kennedy, K. Devito, J.W. Pomeroy
2010, Hydrological Processes (24) 3591-3602
The higher mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere are particularly sensitive to climate change as small differences in temperature determine frozen ground status, precipitation phase, and the magnitude and timing of snow accumulation and melt. An international inter-catchment comparison program, North-Watch, seeks to improve our understanding of the sensitivity of northern...
