The Pliocene Lost River found to west: Detrital zircon evidence of drainage disruption along a subsiding hotspot track
M.K.V. Hodges, P. K. Link, C.M. Fanning
2009, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (188) 237-249
SHRIMP analysis of U/Pb ages of detrital zircons in twelve late Miocene to Pleistocene sand samples from six drill cores on the Snake River Plain (SRP), Idaho, suggests that an ancestral Lost River system was drained westward along the northern side of the SRP. Neoproterozoic (650 to 740??Ma, Cryogenian) detrital...
Real-time flood forecasting
C. Lai, T.-K. Tsay, C.-H. Chien, I.-L. Wu
2009, American Scientist (97) 119-125
Researchers at the Hydroinformatic Research and Development Team (HIRDT) of the National Taiwan University undertook a project to create a real time flood forecasting model, with an aim to predict the current in the Tamsui River Basin. The model was designed based on deterministic approach with mathematic modeling of complex...
Spatial and temporal distributions of Martian north polar cold spots before, during, and after the global dust storm of 2001
C. Cornwall, T.N. Titus
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (114)
In the 1970s, Mariner and Viking observed features in the Mars northern polar region that were a few hundred kilometers in diameter with 20 fj,m brightness temperatures as low as 130 K (considerably below C02 ice sublimation temperatures). Over the past decade, studies have shown that these areas (commonly called...
Untangling the biological contributions to soil stability in semiarid shrublands
V. Bala Chaudhary, Matthew A. Bowker, Thomas E. O’Dell, James B. Grace, Andrea E. Redman, Matthias C. Rillig, Nancy C. Johnson
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 110-122
Communities of plants, biological soil crusts (BSCs), and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are known to influence soil stability individually, but their relative contributions, interactions, and combined effects are not well understood, particularly in arid and semiarid ecosystems. In a landscape-scale field study we quantified plant, BSC, and AM fungal communities...
Impact of sampling strategy on stream load estimates in till landscape of the Midwest
P. Vidon, L.E. Hubbard, E. Soyeux
2009, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (159) 367-379
Accurately estimating various solute loads in streams during storms is critical to accurately determine maximum daily loads for regulatory purposes. This study investigates the impact of sampling strategy on solute load estimates in streams in the US Midwest. Three different solute types (nitrate, magnesium, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC)) and...
Retrospective characterization of ontogenetic shifts in killer whale diets via δ13C and δ15N analysis of teeth
Seth D. Newsome, Michael A. Etnier, Daniel H. Monson, Marilyn L. Fogel
2009, Marine Ecology Progress Series (374) 229-242
Metabolically inert, accretionary structures such as the dentin growth layers in teeth provide a life history record of individual diet with near-annual resolution. We constructed ontogenetic δ13C and δ15N profiles by analyzing tooth dentin growth layers from 13 individual killer whales Orcinus orca collected in the eastern northeast Pacific Ocean...
Murres, capelin and ocean climate: Inter-annual associations across a decadal shift
P.M. Regular, F. Shuhood, T. Power, W.A. Montevecchi, G.J. Robertson, D. Ballam, John F. Piatt, B. Nakashima
2009, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (156) 293-302
To ensure energy demands for reproduction are met, it is essential that marine birds breed during periods of peak food availability. We examined associations of the breeding chronology of common murres (Uria aalge) with the timing of the inshore arrival of their primary prey, capelin (Mallotus villosus) from 1980 to...
Review of fish diversity in the Lake Huron basin
E.F. Roseman, J.S. Schaeffer, P.J. Steen
2009, Conference Paper, Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management
Lake Huron has a rich aquatic habitat diversity that includes shallow embayments, numerous tributaries, shallow mid-lake reef complexes, archipelagos, and profundal regions. These habitats provide support for warm, cool, and cold water fish communities. Diversity of fishes in Lake Huron reflects post-glaciation colonization events, current climate conditions, accidental and intentional...
Morphologic and transport properties of natural organic floc
Laurel G. Larsen, Judson W. Harvey, John P. Crimaldi
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
The morphology, entrainment, and settling of suspended aggregates (“floc”) significantly impact fluxes of organic carbon, nutrients, and contaminants in aquatic environments. However, transport properties of highly organic floc remain poorly understood. In this study detrital floc was collected in the Florida Everglades from two sites with different abundances of periphyton...
Modeling nitrate-nitrogen load reduction strategies for the des moines river, iowa using SWAT
K. E. Schilling, C.F. Wolter
2009, Environmental Management (44) 671-682
The Des Moines River that drains a watershed of 16,175 km2 in portions of Iowa and Minnesota is impaired for nitrate-nitrogen (nitrate) due to concentrations that exceed regulatory limits for public water supplies. The Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to model streamflow and nitrate loads and evaluate...
Sinks without borders: Snowshoe hare dynamics in a complex landscape
Paul C. Griffin, L. Scott Mills
2009, Oikos (118) 1487-1498
A full understanding of population dynamics of wide-ranging animals should account for the effects that movement and habitat use have on individual contributions to population growth or decline. Quantifying the per-capita, habitat-specific contribution to population growth can clarify the value of different patch types, and help to differentiate population sources...
Pedogenesis of a catena of the Farmdale-Sangamon Geosol complex in the north central United States
P.M. Jacobs, M.E. Konen, B. Brandon Curry
2009, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (282) 119-132
The Farmdale-Sangamon Geosol pedocomplex consists of the Sangamon Geosol and the overlying Farmdale Geosol, which form the most extensive terrestrial record of the last interglacial to glacial transition in the Midwest United States. The geosol complex formed for upwards of 100??ka, extending from the end of MIS 6 through 4...
Characterization of phyllosilicates observed in the central Mawrth Vallis region, Mars, their potential formational processes, and implications for past climate
N.K. McKeown, J.L. Bishop, E.Z. Noe Dobrea, B.L. Ehlmann, M. Parente, J.F. Mustard, S.L. Murchie, G.A. Swayze, J.-P. Bibring, E. A. Silver
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (114)
Mawrth Vallis contains one of the largest exposures of phyllosilicates on Mars. Nontronite, montmorillonite, kaolinite, and hydrated silica have been identified throughout the region using data from the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM). In addition, saponite has been identified in one observation within a crater. These individual minerals...
Small-footprint, waveform-resolving lidar estimation of submerged and sub-canopy topography in coastal environments
A. Nayegandhi, J. C. Brock, C. W. Wright
2009, International Journal of Remote Sensing (30) 861-878
The experimental advanced airborne research lidar (EAARL) is an airborne lidar instrument designed to map near-shore submerged topography and adjacent land elevations simultaneously. This study evaluated data acquired by the EAARL system in February 2003 and March 2004 along the margins of Tampa Bay, Florida, USA, to map bare-earth elevations...
Fire treatment effects on vegetation structure, fuels, and potential fire severity in western U.S. forests
S.L. Stephens, J.J. Moghaddas, C. Edminster, C.E. Fiedler, S. Haase, M. Harrington, Jon E. Keeley, E. E. Knapp, J.D. Mciver, K. Metlen, C.N. Skinner, A. Youngblood
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 305-320
Abstract. Forest structure and species composition in many western U.S. coniferous forests have been altered through fire exclusion, past and ongoing harvesting practices, and livestock grazing over the 20th century. The effects of these activities have been most pronounced in seasonally dry, low and mid-elevation coniferous forests that once experienced...
Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for spatially correlated data
Ricardo A. Olea, V. Pawlowsky-Glahn
2009, Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (23) 749-757
The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is a convenient method for investigating whether two underlying univariate probability distributions can be regarded as undistinguishable from each other or whether an underlying probability distribution differs from a hypothesized distribution. Application of the test requires that the sample be unbiased and the outcomes be independent and...
Spatial and temporal variation in distribution of larval lake whitefish in eastern Lake Ontario: signs of recovery?
J.E. McKenna Jr., J. H. Johnson
2009, Journal of Great Lakes Research (35) 94-100
The lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) is one of the native Lake Ontario fishes that declined severely over the past century. Recent evidence of larval lake whitefish production in a historic spawning area (Chaumont Bay) might signal a recovery of this species in New York waters. We surveyed coastal and open...
Elevated CO2 enhances biological contributions to elevation change in coastal wetlands by offsetting stressors associated with sea-level rise
J. A. Cherry, K.L. McKee, J.B. Grace
2009, Journal of Ecology (97) 67-77
1. Sea-level rise, one indirect consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2, poses a major challenge to long-term stability of coastal wetlands. An important question is whether direct effects of elevated CO 2 on the capacity of marsh plants to accrete organic material and to maintain surface elevations outweigh indirect negative effects...
On the uniqueness of color patterns in raptor feathers
D. H. Ellis
2009, Journal of Raptor Research (43) 11-26
For this study, I compared sequentially molted feathers for a few captive raptors from year to year and symmetrically matched feathers (left/right pairs) for many raptors to see if color patterns of sequential feather pairs were identical or if symmetrical pairs were mirror-image identical. Feather pairs were found to be...
Improved constraints on the estimated size and volatile content of the Mount St. Helens magma system from the 2004-2008 history of dome growth and deformation
L.G. Mastin, M. Lisowski, E. Roeloffs, N. Beeler
2009, Geophysical Research Letters (36)
The history of dome growth and geodetic deflation during the 2004-2008 Mount St. Helens eruption can be fit to theoretical curves with parameters such as reservoir volume, bubble content, initial overpressure, and magma rheology, here assumed to be Newtonian viscous, with or without a solid plug in the conduit center....
Magma degassing triggered by static decompression at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i
Michael P. Poland, Sutton A. Jeff, Terrence M. Gerlach
2009, Geophysical Research Letters (36)
During mid-June 2007, the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, deflated rapidly as magma drained from the subsurface to feed an east rift zone intrusion and eruption. Coincident with the deflation, summit SO2 emission rates rose by a factor of four before decaying to background levels over several weeks. We propose...
Concentrations and loads of suspended sediment-associated pesticides in the San Joaquin River, California and tributaries during storm events
M.L. Hladik, Joseph L. Domagalski, K.M. Kuivila
2009, Science of the Total Environment (408) 356-364
Current-use pesticides associated with suspended sediments were measured in the San Joaquin River, California and its tributaries during two storm events in 2008. Nineteen pesticides were detected: eight herbicides, nine insecticides, one fungicide and one insecticide synergist. Concentrations for the herbicides (0.1 to 3000 ng/g; median of 6.1 ng/g) were...
A calibrated, high-resolution goes satellite solar insolation product for a climatology of Florida evapotranspiration
S.J. Paech, J.R. Mecikalski, D. M. Sumner, C.S. Pathak, Q. Wu, S. Islam, T. Sangoyomi
2009, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (45) 1328-1342
Estimates of incoming solar radiation (insolation) from Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite observations have been produced for the state of Florida over a 10-year period (1995-2004). These insolation estimates were developed into well-calibrated half-hourly and daily integrated solar insolation fields over the state at 2 km resolution, in addition to a...
Local-scale variability of seepage and hydraulic conductivity in a shallow gravel-bed river
D.O. Rosenberry, J. Pitlick
2009, Hydrological Processes (23) 3306-3318
Seepage rate and direction measured with a seepage metre modified for use in flowing water were greatly variable along a 300-m reach of a shallow, gravel-bed river and depended primarily on the local-scale bed topography. The median value of seepage measured at 24 locations was 24 cm/day, but seepage measured...
Structural evolution of the Ural-Tian Shan junction: A view from Karatau ridge, South Kazakhstan
D.V. Alexeiev, H. E. Cook, V.M. Buvtyshkin, L.Y. Golub
2009, Comptes Rendus - Geoscience (341) 287-297
The deformation history of the Late Palaeozoic Ural-Tian Shan junction is discussed for the example of the Karatau ridge in southern Kazakhstan. Three deformation events are recognized. The Late Carboniferous D1 event is characterized by Laramide-style thrust-and-fold structures on the southern margin of Kazakhstan with shortening in a NE-SW direction....
