Metal contamination and post-remediation recovery in the Boulder River watershed, Jefferson County, Montana
Daniel M. Unruh, Stanley E Church, David A. Nimick, David L. Fey
2009, Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis (9) 179-199
The legacy of acid mine drainage and toxic trace metals left in streams by historical mining is being addressed by many important yet costly remediation efforts. Monitoring of environmental conditions frequently is not performed but is essential to evaluate remediation effectiveness, determine whether clean-up goals have been met, and assess...
Environmental and biomedical applications of natural metal stable isotope variations
T.D. Bullen, T. Walczyk
2009, Elements (5) 381-385
etal stable isotopes are now being used to trace metal contaminants in the environment and as indicators of human systemic function where metals play a role. Stable isotope abundance variations provide information about metal sources and the processes affecting metals in complex natural systems, complementing information gained from surrogate tracers,...
A spatial model to prioritize sagebrush landscapes in the intermountain west (U.S.A.) for restoration
C.W. Meinke, S.T. Knick, D.A. Pyke
2009, Restoration Ecology (17) 652-659
The ecological integrity of Sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystems in the Intermountain West (U.S.A.) has been diminished by synergistic relationships among human activities, spread of invasive plants, and altered disturbance regimes. An aggressive effort to restore Sagebrush habitats is necessary if we are to stabilize or improve current habitat trajectories and...
Threats to Paddlefish habitat: Implications for conservation
Joseph E. Gerken, Craig P. Paukert
2009, American Fisheries Society Symposium (66)
No abstract available....
Characterization of flux-grown Trace-element-doped titanite using the high-mass-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP-RG)
F.K. Mazdab
2009, Canadian Mineralogist (47) 813-831
Crystals of titanite can be readily grown under ambient pressure from a mixture of CaO, TiO2 and SiO2 in the presence of molten sodium tetraborate. The crystals produced are euhedral and prismatic, lustrous and transparent, and up to 5 mm in length. Titanite obtained by this method contains approximately 4300...
Dynamic modeling of nitrogen losses in river networks unravels the coupled effects of hydrological and biogeochemical processes
Richard B. Alexander, J.K. Bohlke, Elizabeth W. Boyer, Mark B. David, Judson W. Harvey, Patrick J. Mulholland, Sybil P. Seitzinger, Craig R. Tobias, Christina Tonitto, Wilfred M. Wollheim
2009, Biogeochemistry (93) 91-116
The importance of lotic systems as sinks for nitrogen inputs is well recognized. A fraction of nitrogen in streamflow is removed to the atmosphere via denitrification with the remainder exported in streamflow as nitrogen loads. At the watershed scale, there is a keen interest in understanding the factors that control...
Etheostoma erythrozonum, a new species of darter (Teleostei: Percidae) from the Meramec River drainage, Missouri
J.F. Switzer, R.M. Wood
2009, Zootaxa (2095) 1-7
A new species of darter, Etheostoma erythrozonum, is described from the Meramec River drainage of Missouri, USA. Etheostoma erythrozonum is the first known fish species endemic to the Meramec River drainage. It differs morphologically and genetically from populations of its sister species, Etheostoma tetrazonum, from the Gasconade River, Osage River, and Moreau River drainages....
Genetic conservation and paddlefish propagation
Brian L. Sloss, Robert A. Klumb, Edward J. Heist
2009, American Fisheries Society Symposium (66) 327
The conservation of genetic diversity of our natural resources is overwhelmingly one of the central foci of 21st century management practices. Three recommendations related to the conservation of paddlefish Polyodon spathula genetic diversity are to (1) identify genetic diversity at both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA loci using a suggested list...
Modeling hazardous mass flows Geoflows09: Mathematical and computational aspects of modeling hazardous geophysical mass flows; Seattle, Washington, 9–11 March 2009
Richard M. Iverson, Randall J. LeVeque
2009, Eos, Earth and Space Science News (90) 201-201
A recent workshop at the University of Washington focused on mathematical and computational aspects of modeling the dynamics of dense, gravity-driven mass movements such as rock avalanches and debris flows. About 30 participants came from seven countries and brought diverse backgrounds in geophysics; geology; physics; applied and computational mathematics; and...
An introduction to standardized sampling
Scott A. Bonar, Salvador Contreras-Balderas, Alison C. Iles
Scott A. Bonar, Wayne A. Hubert, David W. Willis, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, Standard methods for sampling North American freshwater fishes
It was probably one of the oddest riots in the history of the United States. In Erie, Pennsylvania during 1853. federal marshals were called to restore order during bloody uprisings. A mob of women, equipped with sledgehammers, was tearing up railroad rack to protest standardization of track width (Nesmith 1985)....
Length frequency, condition, growth, and catch per effort indices for common North American fishes
Mark J. Brouder, Alison C. Ilses, Scott A. Bonar
Scott A. Bonar, Wayne A. Hubert, David W. Willis, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, Standard methods for sampling North American freshwater fishes
One of the greatest advantages to using standard sampling is the ability of compare sample data to those data collected from an array of other populations over a wide geographic area using similar techniques. A biologist can then ascertain if the sampling data are within an expected range or are...
Coldwater fish in large standing waters
David A. Beauchamp, Donna L. Parrish, Roy A. Whaley
Scott A. Bonar, Wayne A. Hubert, David W. Willis, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, Standard methods for sampling North American freshwater fishes
Large coldwater lakes are defined here as standing freshwater bodies with surface area greater than 200 ha that support coldwater fishes such as trouts and salmons throughout the year. These large water bodies can be exposed to extensive wind fetch, which will affect the timing, mobility, and safety of personnel...
Warmwater fish in small standing waters
Kevin L. Pope, Robert M. Neumann, Scott D. Bryan
2009, Book chapter, Standard methods for sampling North American freshwater fishes
This chapter describes standardized sampling techniques for routine monitoring and population assessment of warmwater sport and prey fishes in small standing water bodies. Although water temperature regulates growth, survival, and reproduction of fishes, there are no specific criteria that define a warmwater fish community. Dodds (2002) noted that...
Warmwater and coldwater fish in two-story stranding waters
Phaedra E. Budy, Gary P. Thiede, Chris Luecke, Roger W. Schneidervin
Scott A. Bonar, Wayne A. Hubert, David W. Willis, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, Standard methods for sampling North American freshwater fishes
Two-story fisheries occur in lakes or reservoirs characterized by two distinct spatial strata, warmwater and coldwater. These strata develop as the system begins to warm in the spring or summer in response to solar radiation and then separate into an upper warmwater stratum (epilimnion, hereafter referred to as the upper...
Coldwater fish in small standing waters
Nigel P. Lester, Paul E. Bailey, Wayne A. Hubert
Scott A. Bonar, Wayne A. Hubert, David W. Willis, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, Standard methods for sampling North American freshwater fishes
This chapter describes standard techniques for sampling coldwater fishes in small standing waters. Within the context of this book, coldwater fish species are those that prefer water temperatures less than 15°C, and small standing waters are lakes and reservoirs where surface area is less than 200 ha. Chapter 7 of...
Coldwater fish in wadeable streams
Jason B. Dunham, Amanda E. Rosenberger, Russell F. Thurow, C. Andrew Dolloff, Philip J. Howell
Scott A. Bonar, Wayne A. Hubert, David W. Willis, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, Standard methods for sampling North American freshwater fishes
Standardizing sampling methods for fish populations across large regions is important for consistent measurement of large-scale effects of climate or geography. In addition, pooling samples creates larger sample sizes and can facilitate data sharing among scientists and land managers. Sampling freshwater fish has largely not been standardized due to the...
Water velocity, turbulence, and migration rate of subyearling fall Chinook salmon in the free-flowing and impounded Snake River
Kenneth F. Tiffan, Tobias J. Kock, Craig A. Haskell, William P. Connor, R. Kirk Steinhorst
2009, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (138) 373-384
We studied the migratory behavior of subyearling fall Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in free-flowing and impounded reaches of the Snake River to evaluate the hypothesis that velocity and turbulence are the primary causal mechanisms of downstream migration. The hypothesis states that impoundment reduces velocity and turbulence and alters the migratory...
Evaluation of strobe lights to reduce turbine entrainment of juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at Cowlitz Falls Dam, Washington
Tobias J. Kock, Scott D. Evans, Theresa L. Liedtke, Dennis W. Rondorf, Mike Kohn
2009, Northwest Science (83) 308-314
We conducted a radiotelemetry evaluation to determine if strobe lights could be used to decrease turbine entrainment of juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at Cowlitz Falls Dam, Washington. We found that radio-tagged juvenile steelhead approached and entered two spillbays (one lighted, one unlighted) in equal proportions. However, the presence of strobe...
Environmental effects of hydrothermal alteration and historical mining on water and sediment quality in Central Colorado
S. E. Church, D. L. Fey, T. L. Klein, T.S. Schmidt, R. B. Wanty, E.H. deWitt, B.W. Rockwell, Juan C.A. San
2009, Conference Paper, Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR 2009-5049)
The U.S. Geological Survey conducted an environmental assessment of 198 catchments in a 54,000-km2 area of central Colorado, much of which is on Federal land. The Colorado Mineral Belt, a northeast-trending zone of historical base- and precious-metal mining, cuts diagonally across the study area. The investigation was intended to test...
Selected achievements, science directions, and new opportunities for the WEBB small watershed research program
Pierre D. Glynn, Matthew C. Larsen, Earl A. Greene, Heather L. Buss, David W. Clow, Randall J. Hunt, M. Alisa Mast, Sheila F. Murphy, Norman E. Peters, Stephen D. Sebestyen, James B. Shanley, John F. Walker
2009, Conference Paper, Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR 2009-5049)
Over nearly two decades, the Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) small watershed research program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has documented how water and solute fluxes, nutrient, carbon, and mercury dynamics, and weathering and sediment transport respond to natural and humancaused drivers, including climate, climate change, and atmospheric...
Primary factors affecting water quality and quantity in four watersheds in Eastern Puerto Rico
Sheila F. Murphy, Robert F. Stallard
2009, Conference Paper, Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR 2009-5049)
As part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) program, four small watersheds in eastern Puerto Rico were monitored to identify and evaluate the effects of geology, landcover, atmospheric deposition, and other factors on stream water quality and quantity. Two catchments are located on coarse-grained...
SToRM: A numerical model for environmental surface flows
Francisco J. Simoes
2009, Conference Paper, 33rd IAHR Congress: Water Engineering for a Sustainable Environment
SToRM (System for Transport and River Modeling) is a numerical model developed to simulate free surface flows in complex environmental domains. It is based on the depth-averaged St. Venant equations, which are discretized using unstructured upwind finite volume methods, and contains both steady and unsteady solution techniques. This article provides...
Using high-frequency sampling to detect effects of atmospheric pollutants on stream chemistry
Stephen D. Sebestyen, James B. Shanley, Elizabeth W. Boyer
2009, Conference Paper, Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR 2009-5049)
We combined information from long-term (weekly over many years) and short-term (high-frequency during rainfall and snowmelt events) stream water sampling efforts to understand how atmospheric deposition affects stream chemistry. Water samples were collected at the Sleepers River Research Watershed, VT, a temperate upland forest site that receives elevated atmospheric deposition...
Adaptive management of watersheds and related resources
Byron K. Williams
2009, Conference Paper, Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR 2009-5049)
The concept of learning about natural resources through the practice of management has been around for several decades and by now is associated with the term adaptive management. The objectives of this paper are to offer a framework for adaptive management that includes an operational definition, a description of conditions...
Responses of benthic macroinvertebrates to urbanization in nine metropolitan areas of the conterminous United States
T. F. Cuffney, G. McMahon, R. Kashuba, J. T. May, I.R. Waite
2009, Conference Paper, Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR 2009-5049)
The effects of urbanization on benthic macroinvertebrates were investigated in nine metropolitan areas (Boston, MA; Raleigh, NC; Atlanta, GA; Birmingham, AL; Milwaukee–Green Bay, WI; Denver, CO; Dallas–Fort Worth, TX; Salt Lake City, UT; and Portland, OR) as a part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program. Several...
