Isomer-specific determination of 4-nonylphenols using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry
R.P. Eganhouse, J. Pontolillo, R.B. Gaines, G.S. Frysinger, F.L.P. Gabriel, H.-P.E. Kohler, W. Giger, L. B. Barber
2009, Environmental Science & Technology (43) 9306-9313
Technical nonylphenol (tNP), used for industrial production of nonylphenol polyethoxylate surfactants, is a complex mixture of C3−10-phenols. The major components, 4-nonylphenols, are weak endocrine disruptors whose estrogenicities vary according to the structure of the branched nonyl group. Thus, accurate risk assessment requires isomer-specific determination of 4-NPs. Comprehensive...
Mercury sources, distribution, and bioavailability in the North Pacific Ocean: Insights from data and models
E.M. Sunderland, D. P. Krabbenhoft, J.W. Moreau, S.A. Strode, W.M. Landing
2009, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (23)
Fish harvested from the Pacific Ocean are a major contributor to human methylmercury (MeHg) exposure. Limited oceanic mercury (Hg) data, particularly MeHg, has confounded our understanding of linkages between sources, methylation sites, and concentrations in marine food webs. Here we present methylated (MeHg and dimethylmercury (Me2Hg)) and total Hg concentrations...
Improving accessibility to geospatial data using geographic search
J.E. Williams, M.L. Allison, J.B. Kozman
2009, Conference Paper, 2009 17th International Conference on Geoinformatics, Geoinformatics 2009
[No abstract available]...
Comparison with CLPX II airborne data using DMRT model
X. Xu, D. Liang, K.M. Andreadis, L. Tsang, E.G. Josberger
2009, Conference Paper, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
In this paper, we considered a physical-based model which use numerical solution of Maxwell Equations in three-dimensional simulations and apply into Dense Media Radiative Theory (DMRT). The model is validated in two specific dataset from the second Cold Land Processes Experiment (CLPX II) at Alaska and Colorado. The data were...
Paleomagnetism and environmental magnetism of GLAD800 sediment cores from Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho
C.W. Heil Jr., J.W. King, J. G. Rosenbaum, R. L. Reynolds, Steven M. Colman
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 291-310
A ???220,000-year record recovered in a 120-m-long sediment core from Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho, provides an opportunity to reconstruct climate change in the Great Basin and compare it with global climate records. Paleomagnetic data exhibit a geomagnetic feature that possibly occurred during the Laschamp excursion (ca. 40 ka). Although...
Gravity investigations of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure
J. B. Plescia, D. L. Daniels, A. K. Shah
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 181-193
The Chesapeake Bay impact structure is a complex impact crater, ??85 km in diameter, buried beneath postimpact sediments. Its main structural elements include a central uplift of crystalline bedrock, a surrounding inner crater filled with impact debris, and an annular faulted margin composed of block-faulted sediments. The gravity anomaly is...
Possible sources of archaeological maize found in Chaco Canyon and Aztec Ruin, New Mexico
L. V. Benson, J.R. Stein, Howard E. Taylor
2009, Journal of Archaeological Science (36) 387-407
Maize played a major role in Chaco's interaction with outlying communities in the southern Colorado Plateau. This paper seeks to determine where archaeological corn cobs brought to Chaco Canyon were grown. Strontium-isotope and trace-metal ratios of 180 soil-water and 18 surface-water sites in the Southern Colorado Plateau have revealed possible...
Eukaryotic viruses in wastewater samples from the United States
E.M. Symonds, Dale W. Griffin, M. Breitbart
2009, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (75) 1402-1409
Human fecal matter contains a large number of viruses, and current bacterial indicators used for monitoring water quality do not correlate with the presence of pathogenic viruses. Adenoviruses and enteroviruses have often been used to identify fecal pollution in the environment; however, other viruses shed in fecal matter may more...
The effect of Hurricane Katrina on nekton communities in the tidal freshwater marshes of Breton Sound, Louisiana, USA
Bryan P. Piazza, M.K. La Peyre
2009, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (83) 97-104
Hurricanes are climatically-induced resource pulses that affect community structure through the combination of physical and chemical habitat change. Estuaries are susceptible to hurricane pulses and are thought to be resilient to habitat change, because biotic communities often return quickly to pre-hurricane conditions. Although several examples provide evidence of quick recovery...
Variations of thiaminase I activity pH dependencies among typical Great Lakes forage fish and Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus.
J.L. Zajicek, L. Brown, S.B. Brown, D. C. Honeyfield, J.D. Fitzsimons, D. E. Tillitt
2009, Journal of Aquatic Animal Health (21) 207-216
The source of thiaminase in the Great Lakes food web remains unknown. Biochemical characterization of the thiaminase I activities observed in forage fish was undertaken to provide insights into potential thiaminase sources and to optimize catalytic assay conditions. We measured the thiaminase I activities of crude extracts from five forage...
Mesoscale raised rim depressions (MRRDs) on Earth: A review of the characteristics, processes, and spatial distributions of analogs for Mars
D.M. Burr, B.C. Bruno, P.D. Lanagan, L.S. Glaze, W.L. Jaeger, R.J. Soare, Bun Tseung J.-M. Wan, J.A. Skinner Jr., S.M. Baloga
2009, Planetary and Space Science (57) 579-596
Fields of mesoscale raised rim depressions (MRRDs) of various origins are found on Earth and Mars. Examples include rootless cones, mud volcanoes, collapsed pingos, rimmed kettle holes, and basaltic ring structures. Correct identification of MRRDs on Mars is valuable because different MRRD types have different geologic and/or climatic implications and...
Assessment of water quality trends in the Minnesota River using non-parametric and parametric methods
H.O. Johnson, S.C. Gupta, A. V. Vecchia, F. Zvomuya
2009, Journal of Environmental Quality (38) 1018-1030
Excessive loading of sediment and nutrients to rivers is a major problem in many parts of the United States. In this study, we tested the non-parametric Seasonal Kendall (SEAKEN) trend model and the parametric USGS Quality of Water trend program (QWTREND) to quantify trends in water quality of the Minnesota...
Pseudoloma neurophilia infections in zebrafish Danio rerio: effects of stress on survival, growth, and reproduction.
J.M. Ramsay, Virginia G. Watral, C.B. Schreck, M.L. Kent
2009, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (88) 69-84
Pseudoloma neurophilia (Microsporidia) is a common disease of zebrafish Danio rerio, including those used as research models. We conducted a study comprised of 4 separate experiments to determine the effects of husbandry stress on preexisting and experimental P. neurophilia infections and the subsequent effects on survival, infection onset and intensity,...
Uncertainty in georeferencing current and historic plant locations
K. McEachern, K. Niessen
2009, Ecological Restoration (27) 152-159
With shrinking habitats, weed invasions, and climate change, repeated surveys are becoming increasingly important for rare plant conservation and ecological restoration. We often need to relocate historical sites or provide locations for newly restored sites. Georeferencing is the technique of giving geographic coordinates to the location of a site. Georeferencing...
Late Pleistocene to Holocene sedimentation and hydrocarbon seeps on the continental shelf of a steep, tectonically active margin, southern California, USA
Amy E. Draut, Patrick E. Hart, T.D. Lorenson, Holly F. Ryan, Florence L. Wong, Ray W. Sliter, James E. Conrad
2009, Marine Geophysical Research (30) 193-206
Small, steep, uplifting coastal watersheds are prolific sediment producers that contribute significantly to the global marine sediment budget. This study illustrates how sedimentation evolves in one such system where the continental shelf is largely sediment-starved, with most terrestrial sediment bypassing the shelf in favor of deposition in deeper basins. The...
Sources of uncertainty in flood inundation maps
J. D. Bales, C. R. Wagner
2009, Journal of Flood Risk Management (2) 139-147
Flood inundation maps typically have been used to depict inundated areas for floods having specific exceedance levels. The uncertainty associated with the inundation boundaries is seldom quantified, in part, because all of the sources of uncertainty are not recognized and because data available to quantify uncertainty seldom are available. Sources...
Influence of resolution in irrigated area mapping and area estimation
N.M. Velpuri, P.S. Thenkabail, M.K. Gumma, C. Biradar, V. Dheeravath, P. Noojipady, L. Yuanjie
2009, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (75) 1383-1395
The overarching goal of this paper was to determine how irrigated areas change with resolution (or scale) of imagery. Specific objectives investigated were to (a) map irrigated areas using four distinct spatial resolutions (or scales), (b) determine how irrigated areas change with resolutions, and (c) establish the causes of differences...
Inducing in situ, nonlinear soil response applying an active source
P.A. Johnson, P. Bodin, J. Gomberg, F. Pearce, Z. Lawrence, F.-Y. Menq
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (114)
[1] It is well known that soil sites have a profound effect on ground motion during large earthquakes. The complex structure of soil deposits and the highly nonlinear constitutive behavior of soils largely control nonlinear site response at soil sites. Measurements of nonlinear soil response under natural conditions are critical...
Developmental toxicity in white leghorn chickens following in ovo exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS)
M. M. Peden-Adams, Joyce E. Stuckey, K.M. Gaworecki, J. Berger-Ritchie, K. Bryant, P.G. Jodice, T.R. Scott, J.B. Ferrario, B. Guan, C. Vigo, J.S. Boone, W.D. McGuinn, J.C. DeWitt, D.E. Keil
2009, Reproductive Toxicology (27) 307-318
Studies show that perfluorinated compounds cause various toxicological effects; nevertheless, effects on immune function and developmental endpoints have not been addressed at length. This study examined the effects of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in white leghorn hatchlings on various developmental, immunological, and clinical health parameters. In addition, serum PFOS concentrations were...
Chemical weathering of a marine terrace chronosequence, Santa Cruz, California. Part II: Solute profiles, gradients and the comparisons of contemporary and long-term weathering rates
A. F. White, M. S. Schulz, David A. Stonestrom, D.V. Vivit, J. Fitzpatrick, T.D. Bullen, K. Maher, A.E. Blum
2009, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (73) 2769-2803
The spatial and temporal changes in hydrology and pore water elemental and 87Sr/86Sr compositions are used to determine contemporary weathering rates in a 65- to 226-kyr-old soil chronosequence formed from granitic sediments deposited on marine terraces along coastal California. Soil moisture, tension and saturation exhibit large seasonal variations in shallow...
On the reported magnetic precursor of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake
J.N. Thomas, J.J. Love, M.J.S. Johnston
2009, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors (173) 207-215
Among the most frequently cited reports in the science of earthquake prediction is that by Fraser-Smith et al. (1990) and Bernardi et al. (1991). They found anomalous enhancement of magnetic-field noise levels prior to the 18 October 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake in the ultra-low-frequency range (0.0110-10.001 Hz) from a ground-based...
Incorporating uncertainty into the ranking of SPARROW model nutrient yields from Mississippi/Atchafalaya River basin watersheds
Dale M. Robertson, Gregory E. Schwarz, David A. Saad, Richard B. Alexander
2009, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (45) 534-549
Excessive loads of nutrients transported by tributary rivers have been linked to hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico. Management efforts to reduce the hypoxic zone in the Gulf of Mexico and improve the water quality of rivers and streams could benefit from targeting nutrient reductions toward watersheds with the highest...
Effects of an invasive plant species, celastrus orbiculatus, on soil composition and processes
S. A. Leicht-Young, H. O'Donnell, A.M. Latimer, J. A. Silander Jr.
2009, American Midland Naturalist (161) 219-231
Celastrus orbiculatus is a non-native, invasive liana that was introduced to the United States in the 1860s and has spread rapidly throughout the Northeast Several attributes contribute to the invasiveness of C. orbiculatus, including tolerance to a wide range of light levels and habitat types. We compared soil characteristics in...
Evaluation of irrigation canal networks to assess stream connectivity in a watershed
M.E. Colvin, C.M. Moffitt
2009, River Research and Applications (25) 486-496
We used digital data sets, aerial photos and direct field observations in a geographical information system to evaluate the stream habitat in an Idaho watershed affected by agriculture. We found that the scale of the digital data sets affected the outcome of the assessment due to the presence of dewatered...
Arc-continent collision and the formation of continental crust: A new geochemical and isotopic record from the Ordovician Tyrone Igneous Complex, Ireland
Amy E. Draut, Peter D. Clift, Jeffrey M. Amato, Jerzy Blusztajn, Hans Schouten
2009, Journal of the Geological Society (166) 485-500
Collisions between oceanic island-arc terranes and passive continental margins are thought to have been important in the formation of continental crust throughout much of Earth's history. Magmatic evolution during this stage of the plate-tectonic cycle is evident in several areas of the Ordovician Grampian-Taconic orogen, as we demonstrate in the...
