Impact of land use and land cover change on the water balance of a large agricultural watershed: Historical effects and future directions
Keith E. Schilling, Manoj K. Jha, You-Kuan Zhang, Philip W. Gassman, Calvin F. Wolter
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
Over the last century, land use and land cover (LULC) in the United States Corn Belt region shifted from mixed perennial and annual cropping systems to primarily annual crops. Historical LULC change impacted the annual water balance in many Midwestern basins by decreasing annual evapotranspiration (ET) and increasing streamflow and...
Hydrodynamic modeling of tsunamis from the Currituck landslide
E.L. Geist, P.J. Lynett, J.D. Chaytor
2009, Marine Geology (264) 41-52
Tsunami generation from the Currituck landslide offshore North Carolina and propagation of waves toward the U.S. coastline are modeled based on recent geotechnical analysis of slide movement. A long and intermediate wave modeling package (COULWAVE) based on the non-linear Boussinesq equations are used to simulate the tsunami. This model includes...
Not all water becomes wine: Sulfur inputs as an opportune tracer of hydrochemical losses from vineyards
Eve-Lyn S. Hinckley, Carol Kendall, Keith Loague
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
California's widespread and economically important vineyards offer substantial opportunities to understand the interface between hydrology and biogeochemistry in agricultural soils. The common use of native sulfur (S) as a fumigant or soil additive provides a novel way to isotopically differentiate among sulfate (SO42−) pools, allowing the estimation of water and...
Testing the Mojave-Sonora megashear hypothesis: Evidence from Paleoproterozoic igneous rocks and deformed Mesozoic strata in Sonora, Mexico
J.M. Amato, T.F. Lawton, D.J. Mauel, W.J. Leggett, C. M. Gonzalez-Leon, G. L. Farmer, J. L. Wooden
2009, Geology (37) 75-78
U-Pb ages and Nd isotope values of Proterozoic rocks in Sonora, Mexico, indicate the presence of Caborca-type basement, predicted to lie only south of the Mojave-Sonora mega-shear, 40 km north of the postulated megashear. Granitoids have U-Pb zircon ages of 1763-1737 Ma and 1076 Ma, with ??Nd(t) values from +1.4...
A formal framework for scenario development in support of environmental decision-making
M. Mahmoud, Yajing Liu, H. Hartmann, S. Stewart, T. Wagener, D. Semmens, R. Stewart, H. Gupta, D. Dominguez, F. Dominguez, D. Hulse, R. Letcher, Brenda Rashleigh, C. Smith, R. Street, J. Ticehurst, M. Twery, Delden H. van, R. Waldick, D. White, L. Winter
2009, Environmental Modelling and Software (24) 798-808
Scenarios are possible future states of the world that represent alternative plausible conditions under different assumptions. Often, scenarios are developed in a context relevant to stakeholders involved in their applications since the evaluation of scenario outcomes and implications can enhance decision-making activities. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of scenario development...
Multiple spring migration strategies in a population of Pacific Common Eiders
Margaret R. Petersen
2009, Condor (111) 59-70
Spring migration strategies vary within and among species. Examination of this variability extends our understanding of life histories and has implications for conservation. I used satellite transmitters to determine migration strategies and evaluate factors influencing the timing of spring migration of Pacific Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima v-nigrum) that nest along...
The potential of mid- and near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for determining major- and trace-element concentrations in soils from a geochemical survey of North America
J. B. Reeves III, D. B. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1472-1481
In 2004, soils were collected at 220 sites along two transects across the USA and Canada as a pilot study for a planned soil geochemical survey of North America (North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes Project). The objective of the current study was to examine the potential of diffuse reflectance (DR)...
REE partitioning between apatite and melt in a peralkaline volcanic suite, Kenya Rift Valley
R. Macdonald, B. Baginski, H. E. Belkin, P. Dzierzanowski, L. Jezak
2009, Mineralogical Magazine (72) 1147-1161
Electron microprobe analyses are presented for fluorapatite phenocrysts from a benmoreite-peralkaline rhyolite volcanic suite from the Kenya Rift Valley. The rocks have previously been well characterized petrographically and their crystallization conditions are reasonably well known. The REE contents in the M site increase towards the rhyolites, with a maximum britholite...
Morphological variability of the planktonic foraminifer Neogloboquadrina pachyderma from ACEX cores: Implications for late pleistocene circulation in the Arctic Ocean
F. Eynaud, T. M. Cronin, S.A. Smith, S. Zaragosi, J. Mavel, Y. Mary, V. Mas, C. Pujol
2009, Micropaleontology (55) 101-116
Planktonic foraminifera populations were studied throughout the top 25 meters of the IODP ACEX 302 Hole 4C from the central Arctic Ocean at a resolution varying from 5cm (at the top of the record) to 10cm. Planktonic foraminifera occur in high absolute abundances only in the uppermost fifty centimetres and...
Biodegradation of 17β-estradiol, estrone, and testosterone in stream sediments
P. M. Bradley, F. H. Chapelle, L. B. Barber, P.B. McMahon, J.L. Gray, D.W. Kolpin
2009, Conference Paper, In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation-2009: Proceedings of the 10th International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium
The release of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent poses a significant threat to the ecology of surface water receptors, due to impacts on the hormonal control, sexual development, reproductive success and community structure of the indigenous aquatic organisms and associated wildlife. Among the EDCs commonly observed...
Post-Clovis survival of American Mastodon in the southern Great Lakes Region of North America
N. Woodman, Athfield N. Beavan
2009, Quaternary Research (72) 359-363
The end of the Pleistocene in North America was marked by a wave of extinctions of large mammals, with the last known appearances of many species falling between ca. 11,000–10,000 14C yr BP. Temporally, this period overlaps with the Clovis Paleoindian cultural complex (11,190–10,530 14C yr BP)...
Introduction to "northern Gulf of Mexico ecosystem change and hazards susceptibility"
John C. Brock, Dawn L. Lavoie, Richard Z. Poore
2009, Geo-Marine Letters (29) 343-347
The northern Gulf of Mexico and its diverse natural resources are threatened by population and development pressure, and by the impacts of rising sea level and severe storms. In the wake of the devastating 2005 hurricane season, and in response to the complex management issues facing the region, the U.S....
Kootenai River velocities, depth, and white sturgeon spawning site selection – A mystery unraveled?
V.L. Paragamian, R. McDonald, G.J. Nelson, G. Barton
2009, Journal of Applied Ichthyology (25) 640-646
The Kootenai River white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus population in Idaho, US and British Columbia (BC), Canada became recruitment limited shortly after Libby Dam became fully operational on the Kootenai River, Montana, USA in 1974. In the USA the species was listed under the Endangered Species Act in September of 1994. Kootenai River...
Data layer integration for the national map of the united states
E.L. Usery, M.P. Finn, M. Starbuck
2009, Cartographic Perspectives 28-41
The integration of geographic data layers in multiple raster and vector formats, from many different organizations and at a variety of resolutions and scales, is a significant problem for The National Map of the United States being developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. Our research has examined data integration from...
Re-greening the Sahel: Farmer-led innovation in Burkina Faso and Niger
Chris Reij, Melinda Smale, G. Gray Tappan
David J. Spielman, Rajul Pandya-Lorch, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, Millions fed: Proven successes in agricultural development
The Sahel—the belt of land that stretches across Africa on the southern edge of the Sahara—has always been a tough place to farm. Rainfall is low and droughts are frequent. The crust of hard soil is, at times, almost impermeable, and harsh winds threaten to sweep away everything in their...
Avian response to early tidal salt marsh restoration at former commercial salt evaporation ponds in San Francisco Bay, California, USA
Nicole D. Athearn, John Y. Takekawa, Joel Shinn
2009, Natural Resources and Environmental Issues (15) 77-86
Restoration of former commercial salt evaporation ponds in the San Francisco Bay estuary is intended to reverse a severe decline (>79%) in tidal salt marshes. San Francisco Bay is a critical migratory stopover site and wintering area for shorebirds and waterfowl, and salt ponds are important high tide roosting and...
Discovery of jarosite within the Mawrth Vallis region of Mars: Implications for the geologic history of the region
W. H. Farrand, T.D. Glotch, J. W. Rice Jr., J.A. Hurowitz, G.A. Swayze
2009, Icarus (204) 478-488
Analysis of visible to near infrared reflectance data from the MRO CRISM hyperspectral imager has revealed the presence of an ovoid-shaped landform, approximately 3 by 5 km in size, within the layered terrains surrounding the Mawrth Vallis outflow channel. This feature has spectral absorption features consistent with the presence of...
After the disaster: The hydrogeomorphic, ecological, and biological responses to the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington
Jon J. Major, Charlie Crisafulli, John Bishop
2009, Book chapter, Volcanoes to vineyards: Geologic field trips through the dynamic landscape of the Pacific Northwest
The 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens caused instantaneous landscape disturbance on a grand scale. On 18 May 1980, an ensemble of volcanic processes, including a debris avalanche, a directed pyroclastic density current, voluminous lahars, and widespread tephra fall, abruptly altered landscape hydrology and geomorphology, and created distinctive disturbance zones...
Indicators of biodiversity and ecosystem services: A synthesis across ecosystems and spatial scales
C.K. Feld, P.M. Da Silva, J.P. Sousa, F. De Bello, R. Bugter, U. Grandin, D. Hering, S. Lavorel, O. Mountford, I. Pardo, M. Partel, J. Rombke, Leonard Sandin, K. Bruce Jones, P. Harrison
2009, Oikos (118) 1862-1871
According to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, common indicators are needed to monitor the loss of biodiversity and the implications for the sustainable provision of ecosystem services. However, a variety of indicators are already being used resulting in many, mostly incompatible, monitoring systems. In order to synthesise the different indicator approaches...
Cataclysms and controversy: Aspects of the geomorphology of the Columbia River Gorge
Jim O’Connor, Scott Burns
Ian Madin, Rebecca Dorsey, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, Volcanoes to vineyards: Geologic field trips through the dynamic landscape of the Pacific Northwest
Landslides and floods of lava and water tremendously affected the Columbia River during its long history of transecting the Cascade Volcanic Arc. This field trip touches on aspects of the resulting geology of the scenic Columbia River Gorge, including the river-blocking Bonneville landslide of ~550 years ago and the great...
The post-Mazama northwest rift zone eruption at Newberry Volcano, Oregon
Daniele McKay, Julie M. Donnelly-Nolan, Robert A. Jensen, Duane E. Champion
Jim O’Connor, Rebecca Dorsey, Ian Madin, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, Volcanoes to vineyards: Geologic field trips through the dynamic landscape of the Pacific Northwest (GSA Field Guides 15)
The northwest rift zone (NWRZ) eruption took place at Newberry Volcano ~7000 years ago after the volcano was mantled by tephra from the catastrophic eruption that destroyed Mount Mazama and produced the Crater Lake caldera. The NWRZ eruption produced multiple lava flows from a variety of vents including cinder cones,...
Patterns of forest succession and impacts of flood in the Upper Mississippi River floodplain ecosystem
Y. Yin, Y. Wu, S.M. Bartell, R. Cosgriff
2009, Ecological Complexity (6) 463-472
The widespread loss of oak-hickory forests and the impacts of flood have been major issues of ecological interest concerning forest succession in the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) floodplain. The data analysis from two comprehensive field surveys indicated that Quercus was one of the dominant genera in the UMR floodplain ecosystem...
18. Arctostaphylos Adanson, Fam. Pl. 2: 165. 1763.
V. Thomas Parker, Michael C. Vasey, Jon E. Keeley
2009, Book chapter, Flora of North America
Arctostaphylos is richly diverse and taxonomically challenging. Unequivocal fossils appear as far back as the middle Miocene. Many pulses of diversification and decimation may have taken place in the genus since then; evidence suggests that there has been a rapid radiation in the last 1.5 million years. Some morphological features are...
Fishing mortality in North Carolina's southern flounder fishery: direct estimates of instantaneous fishing mortality from a tag return experiment
William E. Smith, Frederick S. Scharf, Joseph E. Hightower
2009, Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science (1) 283-299
Estimation of harvest rates is often a critical component of fishery stock assessment and management. These assessments are often based on catch-at-age data sets generated over many years, but estimates of instantaneous fishing mortality (F) can also be obtained from a shorter-term tag return study. We conducted a 2-year tag...
Linking human impacts within an estuary to ebb-tidal delta evolution
Kate L. Dallas, Patrick L. Barnard
2009, Journal of Coastal Research 713-716
San Francisco Bay, California, USA is among the most anthropogenically altered estuaries in the entire United States, but the impact on sediment transport to the coastal ocean has not been quantified. Analysis of four historic bathymetric surveys has revealed large changes to the morphology of the San Francisco Bar, an...
