Managing public and media response to a reawakening volcano: lessons from the 2004 eruptive activity of Mount St. Helens
Peter M. Frenzen, Michael T. Matarrese
David R. Sherrod, William E. Scott, Peter H. Stauffer, editor(s)
2008, Professional Paper 1750-23
Volcanic eruptions and other infrequent, large-scale natural disturbances pose challenges and opportunities for public-land managers. In the days and weeks preceding an eruption, there can be considerable uncertainty surrounding the magnitude and areal extent of eruptive effects. At the same time, public and media interest in viewing developing events is...
Integration of regional hydrologic modeling using FORTRAN and ArcGIS
Alan L. Flint, Lorraine E. Flint
2008, Water Resources Impact (10) 31-35
Toward a time-dependent probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for Alaska
Oliver S. Boyd, Yuehua Zeng, Charles G. Bufe, Robert L. Wesson, Frederick Pollitz, Jeanne L. Hardebeck
Jeffery T. Freymueller, Peter J. Haeussler, Robert L. Wesson, Goran Ekstrom, editor(s)
2008, Book chapter, Active tectonics and seismic potential of Alaska
We report on a time-dependent seismic hazard analysis for Alaska and the Aleutians to complement our recently completed time-independent map. Whereas the time-independent map treats all sources as statistically independent, the time-dependent analysis is based on calculations of the conditional probability of occurrence for the next 50 years by using...
Low genotyping error rates and noninvasive sampling in Bighorn Sheep
Gordon Luikart, Stephanie Zundel, Delphine Rioux, Christian Miquel, Kim A. Keating, John T. Hogg, Brian Steele, Kerry Foresman, Pierre Taberlet
2008, Journal of Wildlife Management (72) 299-304
Noninvasive DNA sampling allows studies of natural populations without disturbing the target animals. Unfortunately, high genotyping error rates often make noninvasive studies difficult. We report low error rates (0.0–7.5%/locus) when genotyping 18 microsatellite loci in only 4 multiplex polymerase chain reaction amplifications using fecal DNA from bighorn sheep (Ovis...
Seasonal and spatial variability in dissolved organic matter quantity and composition from the Yukon River basin, Alaska
R.G.M. Spencer, George Aiken, Kimberly P. Wickland, Rob Striegl, Peter J. Hernes
2008, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (22)
[1] The seasonal and spatial variability of dissolved organic matter (DOM) quantity and chemical composition were investigated in the Yukon River basin of Alaska, United States, and northwestern Canada. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC), chromophoric DOM (CDOM), and dissolved lignin phenols were measured across a range of source...
Does a boundary of the Wrangell Block extend through southern Cook Inlet and Shelikof Strait, Alaska?
Michael A. Fisher, Ray W. Sliter, Florence L. Wong
Jeffery T. Freymueller, Peter J. Haeussler, Robert L. Wesson, Goran Ekstrom, editor(s)
2008, Book chapter, Active tectonics and seismic potential of Alaska
In southcentral Alaska, the boundaries of two different tectonic blocks extend southwestward from the Denali Fault toward Cook Inlet and Shelikof Strait. We use offshore multichannel seismic reflection data and oil-well stratigraphy to evaluate whether local geologic structures are compatible with boundaries of either tectonic block and with the relative...
N-15 NMR study of the immobilization of 2,4- and 2,6-dinitrotoluene in aerobic compost
Kevin A. Thorn, J.C. Pennington, Kay R. Kennedy, Larry G. Cox, C.A. Hayes, B.E. Porter
2008, Environmental Science & Technology (42) 2542-2550
Large-scale aerobic windrow composting has been used to bioremediate washout lagoon soils contaminated with the explosives TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) and RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) at several sites within the United States. We previously used 15N NMR to investigate the reduction and binding of T15NT in aerobic bench -scale reactors simulating the conditions of windrow...
Numerical modeling of rainfall thresholds for shallow landsliding in the Seattle, Washington, area
Jonathan W. Godt, Jonathan P. McKenna
2008, Reviews in Engineering Geology (20) 121-136
The temporal forecasting of landslide hazard has typically relied on empirical relations between rainfall characteristics and landslide occurrence to identify conditions that may cause shallow landslides. Here, we describe an alternate, deterministic approach to define rainfall thresholds for landslide occurrence in the Seattle, Washington, area. This approach combines an infinite...
Modeling rainfall conditions for shallow landsliding in Seattle, Washington
Jonathan W. Godt, William H. Schulz, Rex L. Baum, William Z. Savage
2008, Reviews in Engineering Geology (20) 137-152
We describe the results from an application of a distributed, transient infiltration–slope-stability model for an 18 km2 area of southwestern Seattle, Washington, USA. The model (TRIGRS) combines an infinite slope-stability calculation and an analytic, one-dimensional solution for pore-pressure diffusion in a soil layer of finite depth in response to time-varying rainfall. The...
Microhabitat use by brook trout inhabiting small tributaries and a large river main stem: Implications for stream habitat restoration in the central Appalachians
Jeff L. Hansbarger, J. Todd Petty, Patricia M. Mazik
2008, Proceedings of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (62) 142-148
Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) habitat restoration is needed across a range of stream sizes; however, studies quantifying brook trout habitat preferences in streams of differing sizes are rare. We used radio-telemetry to quantify adult brook trout microhabitat use in a central Appalachian watershed, the upper Shavers Fork of the Cheat...
Modern perspectives on measuring and interpreting seafloor heat flux
Reid N. Harris, A. Fisher, C. Ruppel, F. Martinez
2008, Conference Paper, The Future of Marine Heat Flow: Defining Scientific Goals and Experimental Needs for the 21st Century
There has been a resurgence of interest in marine heat flow in the past 10–15 years, coinciding with fundamental achievements in understanding the Earth's thermal state and quantifying the dynamics and impacts of material and energy fluxes within and between the lithosphere and hydrosphere. At the same time, technical capabilities...
A prototype system for forecasting landslides in the Seattle, Washington, area
Alan F. Chleborad, Rex L. Baum, Jonathan W. Godt, Philip S. Powers
2008, Reviews in Engineering Geology (20) 103-120
Empirical rainfall thresholds and related information form the basis of a prototype system for forecasting landslides in the Seattle area. The forecasts are tied to four alert levels, and a decision tree guides the use of thresholds to determine the appropriate level. From analysis of historical landslide data, we developed...
Successful gas hydrate prospecting using 3D seismic - A case study for the Mt. Elbert prospect, Milne Point, North Slope Alaska
T.L. Inks, Warren F. Agena
2008, Conference Paper, SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts
In February 2007, the Mt. Elbert Prospect stratigraphic test well, Milne Point, North Slope Alaska encountered thick methane gas hydrate intervals, as predicted by 3D seismic interpretation and modeling. Methane gas hydrate-saturated sediment was found in two intervals, totaling more than 100 ft., identified and mapped based on seismic character...
Interactive effects of wildfire and permafrost on microbial communities and soil processes in an Alaskan black spruce forest
M. P. Waldrop, J.W. Harden
2008, Global Change Biology (14) 2591-2602
Boreal forests contain significant quantities of soil carbon that may be oxidized to CO2 given future increases in climate warming and wildfire behavior. At the ecosystem scale, decomposition and heterotrophic respiration are strongly controlled by temperature and moisture, but we questioned whether changes in microbial biomass, activity, or community structure...
Assessing deep-seated landslide susceptibility using 3-D groundwater and slope-stability analyses, southwestern Seattle, Washington
Dianne L. Brien, Mark E. Reid
2008, Reviews in Engineering Geology (20) 83-101
In Seattle, Washington, deep-seated landslides on bluffs along Puget Sound have historically caused extensive damage to land and structures. These large failures are controlled by three-dimensional (3-D) variations in strength and pore-water pressures. We assess the slope stability of part of southwestern Seattle using a 3-D limit-equilibrium analysis coupled with...
Habitat features affect bluehead sucker, flannelmouth sucker, and roundtail chub across a headwater tributary system in the Colorado River Basin
M.R. Bower, W.A. Hubert, F.J. Rahel
2008, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (23) 347-357
We assessed the distributions of three species of conservation concern, bluehead sucker (Catostomus discobolus), flannelmouth sucker (Catostomus latipinnis), and roundtail chub (Gila robusta), relative to habitat features across a headwater tributary system of the Colorado River basin in Wyoming. We studied the upper Muddy Creek watershed, Carbon County, portions of...
Behavior and movement of adult chum salmon in the lower Cowlitz River, 2007: Final Report of Research
T.L. Liedtke, T.J. Kock, B.K. Ekstrom, D.W. Rondorf, J. Henning
2008, Report
n/a...
Effects of 2003 wildfires on stream chemistry in Glacier National Park, Montana
M. Alisa Mast, David W. Clow
2008, Hydrological Processes (22) 5013-5023
Changes in stream chemistry were studied for 4 years following large wildfires that burned in Glacier National Park during the summer of 2003. Burned and unburned drainages were monitored from December 2003 through August 2007 for streamflow, major constituents, nutrients, and suspended sediment following the fires. Stream-water nitrate concentrations showed...
Ecological effects of large fires on US landscapes: benefit or catastrophe?
Robert E. Keane, James K. Agee, Peter Fule, Jon E. Keeley, Carl H. Key, Stanley G. Kitchen, Richard Miller, Lisa A. Schulte
2008, International Journal of Wildland Fire (17) 696-712
The perception is that today’s large fires are an ecological catastrophe because they burn vast areas with high intensities and severities. However, little is known of the ecological impacts of large fires on both historical and contemporary landscapes. The present paper presents a review of the current knowledge of the...
The 2005 catastrophic acid crater lake drainage, lahar, and acidic aerosol formation at Mount Chiginagak volcano, Alaska, USA: Field observations and preliminary water and vegetation chemistry results
J.R. Schaefer, W. E. Scott, William C. Evans, J. Jorgenson, R. G. McGimsey, B. Wang
2008, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (9)
A mass of snow and ice 400-m-wide and 105-m-thick began melting in the summit crater of Mount Chiginagak volcano sometime between November 2004 and early May 2005, presumably owing to increased heat flux from the hydrothermal system, or possibly from magma intrusion and degassing. In early May 2005, an estimated...
Preliminary report on the 29 July 2008 Mw 5.4 Chino Hills, Eastern Los Angeles Basin, California, earthquake sequence
Egill Hauksson, Karen R. Felzer, Doug Given, Michal Giveon, Susan E. Hough, Kate Hutton, Hiroo Kanamori, Volkan Sevilgen, Shengji Wei, Alan K. Yong
2008, Seismological Research Letters (79) 855-866
The 29 July 2008 Mw 5.4 Chino Hills earthquake was the largest event to occur within the greater Los Angeles metropolitan region since the Mw 6.7 1994 Northridge earthquake. The earthquake was widely felt in a metropolitan region with a population of more than 10 million people and was recorded...
Cutaneous and diphtheritic avian poxvirus infection in a nestling Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) from Antarctica
Valerie Shearn-Bochsler, David Earl Green, K. A. Converse, D. E. Docherty, T. Thiel, H.N. Geisz, William R. Fraser, Donna L. Patterson-Fraser
2008, Polar Biology (31) 569-573
The Southern giant petrel (Macronectes giganteus) is declining over much of its range and currently is listed as vulnerable to extinction by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Island-specific breeding colonies near Palmer Station, Antarctica, have been monitored for over 30 years, and because this population continues to...
Avoidance behavior of juvenile lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) exposed to Bayluscide 3.2% Granular Sea Lamprey Larvicide
Michael A Boogaard, Jane E Rivera, Mark P Gaikowski
2008, Report
Avoidance of juvenile lake sturgeons < 100 mm in length in response to application of the Bayluscide 3.2% Granular Sea Lamprey Larvicide was assessed. Clear plexiglas columns (107 cm in height, 30.5 cm in diameter) to evaluate the potential for the normally bottom-dwelling fishes to move vertically in the water...
Assessment of crop growth and soil water modules in SWAT2000 using extensive field experiment data in an irrigation district of the Yellow River Basin
Y. Luo, C. He, M. Sophocleous, Z. Yin, R. Hongrui, Z. Ouyang
2008, Journal of Hydrology (352) 139-156
SWAT, a physically-based, hydrological model simulates crop growth, soil water and groundwater movement, and transport of sediment and nutrients at both the process and watershed scales. While the different versions of SWAT have been widely used throughout the world for agricultural and water resources applications, little has been done to...
Peri-equatorial paleolatitudes for Jurassic radiolarian cherts of Greece
I.W. Aiello, J.T. Hagstrum, G. Principi
2008, Tectonophysics (448) 33-48
Radiolarian-rich sediments dominated pelagic deposition over large portions of the Tethys Ocean during middle to late Jurassic time as shown by extensive bedded chert sequences found in both continental margin and ophiolite units of the Mediterranean region. Which paleoceanographic mechanisms and paleotectonic setting favored radiolarian deposition during the Jurassic, and...
