Amphipod densities and indices of wetland quality across the upper-Midwest, USA
M.J. Anteau, A. D. Afton
2008, Wetlands (28) 184-196
Nutritional, behavioral, and diet data for lesser scaup (Aythya affinis [Eyton, 1838]) indicates that there has been a decrease in amphipod (Gammarus lacustris [G. O. Sars, 1863] and Hyalella azteca [Saussure, 1858]) density and wetland quality throughout the upper-Midwest, USA. Accordingly, we estimated densities of Gammarus and Hyalella in six...
Diverse deformation patterns of Aleutian volcanoes from InSAR
Z. Lu, D. Dzurisin, C. Wicks Jr., J. Power
2008, Conference Paper, European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP
Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is capable of measuring ground-surface deformation with centimeter-to-subcentimeter precision at a spatial resolution of tens of meters over an area of hundreds to thousands of square kilometers. With its global coverage and all-weather imaging capability, InSAR has become an increasingly important measurement technique for constraining...
Guidelines for landslide susceptibility, hazard and risk zoning for land use planning
R. Fell, J. Corominas, C. Bonnard, L. Cascini, E. Leroi, W. Z. Savage
2008, Engineering Geology (102) 85-98
[No abstract available]...
Deformation and stress-change modeling at Sierra Negra volcano, Galapagos, from ENVISAT INSAR and GPS observations
Sigurjon Jonsson, W.W. Chadwick, Michael Poland, D. Geist
2008, Conference Paper, European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP
We use radar interferograms and GPS observations to constrain models of magma accumulation and faulting at Sierra Negra volcano, Galápagos, during the years before its 2005 eruption. The data have shown ~5 m of pre-eruption uplift and multiple trapdoor faulting events on an intra-caldera fault system. We find the...
Effects of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) in zebrafish: General and reproductive toxicity
S. Mukhi, R. Patino
2008, Chemosphere (72) 726-732
Mixed-sex populations of young adult zebrafish (???2-month-old) were exposed to measured RDX concentrations of 0, 1 or 9.6 ppm for up to 12 weeks followed by a 15-day rearing period in untreated water. RDX caused high mortality at 9.6 ppm, with most deaths occurring within the first 8 weeks of...
Seismic hazard in the Istanbul metropolitan area: A preliminary re-evaluation
E. Kalkan, Polat Gulkan, N.Y. Ozturk, M. Çelebi
2008, Journal of Earthquake Engineering (12) 151-164
In 1999, two destructive earthquakes (M7.4 Kocaeli and M7.2 Duzce) occurred in the north west of Turkey and resulted in major stress-drops on the western segment of the North Anatolian Fault system where it continues under the Marmara Sea. These undersea fault segments were recently explored using bathymetric and reflection...
Revisiting classic water erosion models in drylands: The strong impact of biological soil crusts
M. A. Bowker, J. Belnap, Bala V. Chaudhary, N.C. Johnson
2008, Soil Biology and Biochemistry (40) 2309-2316
Soil erosion and subsequent degradation has been a contributor to societal collapse in the past and is one of the major expressions of desertification in arid regions. The revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) models soil lost to water erosion as a function of climate erosivity (the degree to which...
Fate and transport of pesticides in the ground water systems of southwest Georgia, 1993-2005
M.S. Dalton, E. A. Frick
2008, Conference Paper, Journal of Environmental Quality
Modern agricultural practices in the United States have resulted in nearly unrivaled efficiency and productivity. Unfortunately, there is also the potential for release of these compounds to the environment and consequent adverse affects on wildlife and human populations. Since 1993, the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program of the U.S. Geological...
ALLTEM UXO detection and discrimination
T.H. Asch, D.L. Wright, C.W. Moulton, T.P. Irons, M.N. Nabighian
2008, Conference Paper, SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts
ALLTEM is a multi-axis electromagnetic induction system designed for unexploded ordnance (UXO) applications. It uses a continuous triangle-wave excitation and provides good late-time signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) especially for ferrous targets. Multi-axis transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) systems such as ALLTEM provide a richer data set from which to invert for...
Peri-equatorial paleolatitudes for Jurassic radiolarian cherts of Greece
I.W. Aiello, J.T. Hagstrum, G. Principi
2008, Tectonophysics (448) 33-48
Radiolarian-rich sediments dominated pelagic deposition over large portions of the Tethys Ocean during middle to late Jurassic time as shown by extensive bedded chert sequences found in both continental margin and ophiolite units of the Mediterranean region. Which paleoceanographic mechanisms and paleotectonic setting favored radiolarian deposition during the Jurassic, and...
Ice-walled-lake plains: Implications for the origin of hummocky glacial topography in middle North America
L. Clayton, J.W. Attig, N.R. Ham, M.D. Johnson, C.E. Jennings, K.M. Syverson
2008, Geomorphology (97) 237-248
Ice-walled-lake plains are prominent in many areas of hummocky-till topography left behind as the Laurentide Ice Sheet melted from middle North America. The formation of the hummocky-till topography has been explained by: (1) erosion by subglacial floods; (2) squeezing of subglacial till up into holes in stagnant glacial ice; or...
Stochastic and compensatory effects limit persistence of variation in body mass of young caribou
Bruce W. Dale, Layne G. Adams, William B. Collins, Kyle Joly, Patrick Valkenburg, Robert Tobey
2008, Journal of Mammalogy (89) 1130-1135
Nutritional restriction during growth can have short- and long-term effects on fitness; however, animals inhabiting uncertain environments may exhibit adaptations to cope with variation in food availability. We examined changes in body mass in free-ranging female caribou (Rangifer tarandus) by measuring mass at birth and at 4, 11, and 16...
The record of time in cratonic interior strata: Does exceptionally slow subsidence necessarily result in exceptionally poor stratigraphic completeness?
Anthony C. Runkel, J.F. Miller, R.M. McKay, A. R. Palmer, John F. Taylor
2008, Conference Paper, Special Paper - Geological Association of Canada
A newly constructed a high-resolution chronostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic framework for the Upper Cambrian and Lower Ordovician Sauk Sequence in the cratonic interior of North America provides insight into the long-standing question of how time is recorded in sedimentary packages deposited in shallow epeiric seas across regions with exceptionally slow subsidence....
Using semi-permeable membrane devices and stable nitrogen isotopes to detect anthropogenic influences on the Truckee River, USA
L. Saito, Michael R. Rosen, S. Chandra, C.H. Fritsen, J.A. Arufe, C. Redd
2008, Environmental Engineering Science (25) 585-600
Stable nitrogen isotopes (??15N) and semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) were used together to provide evidence of potential anthropogenic connections to aquatic organisms in the Truckee River, which flows through the Reno/Sparks metropolitan area in Nevada. Crayfish, snail, and periphyton ??15N values, and SPMD toxicity data collected during high and low...
Nutrient availability affects pigment production but not growth in lichens of biological soil crusts
M. A. Bowker, G.W. Koch, J. Belnap, N.C. Johnson
2008, Soil Biology and Biochemistry (40) 2819-2826
Recent research suggests that micronutrients such as Mn may limit growth of slow-growing biological soil crusts (BSCs) in some of the drylands of the world. These soil surface communities contribute strongly to arid ecosystem function and are easily degraded, creating a need for new restoration tools. The possibility that Mn...
The ancestral cascades arc: Cenozoic evolution of the central Sierra Nevada (California) and the birth of the new plate boundary
C.J. Busby, J.C. Hagan, K. Putirka, Christopher J. Pluhar, P. B. Gans, D.L. Wagner, D. Rood, S.B. DeOreo, I. Skilling
2008, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 331-378
We integrate new stratigraphic, structural, geochemical, geochronological, and magnetostratigraphic data on Cenozoic volcanic rocks in the central Sierra Nevada to arrive at closely inter-related new models for: (1) the paleogeography of the ancestral Cascades arc, (2) the stratigraphic record of uplift events in the Sierra Nevada, (3) the tectonic controls...
Avian wildlife mortality events due to salmonellosis in the United States, 1985-2004
A.J. Hall, E.K. Saito
2008, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (44) 585-593
Infection with Salmonella spp. has long been recognized in avian wildlife, although its significance in causing avian mortality, and its zoonotic risk, is not well understood. This study evaluates the role of Salmonella spp. in wild bird mortality events in the United States from 1985 through 2004. Analyses were performed to calculate the frequency...
Seabed mapping and characterization of sediment variability using the usSEABED data base
J.A. Goff, C.J. Jenkins, Williams S. Jeffress
2008, Continental Shelf Research (28) 614-633
We present a methodology for statistical analysis of randomly located marine sediment point data, and apply it to the US continental shelf portions of usSEABED mean grain size records. The usSEABED database, like many modern, large environmental datasets, is heterogeneous and interdisciplinary. We statistically test the database as a source...
Trichinella murrelli in scavenging mammals from south-central Wisconsin, USA
D.E. Hill, M.D. Samuel, C.A. Nolden, N. Sundar, D.S. Zarlenga, J. P. Dubey
2008, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (44) 629-635
Tissues and serum from 59 raccoons (Procyon lotor), 42 coyotes (Canis latrans), and seven Striped Skunks (Mephitis mephitis) collected in Dane and Iowa Counties, Wisconsin, USA, between October 2005 and March 2006 were microscopically and serologically examined for the presence of Trichinella spp. Encapsulated larvae were found on compression slides...
Evolution of CO2 in Lakes Monoun and Nyos, Cameroon, before and during controlled degassing
M. Kusakabe, T. Ohba, Issa, Y. Yoshida, H. Satake, T. Ohizumi, William C. Evans, G. Tanyileke, G.W. Kling
2008, Geochemical Journal (42) 93-118
Evolution of CO2 in Lakes Monoun and Nyos (Cameroon) before and during controlled degassing is described using results of regular monitoring obtained during the last 21 years. The CO2(aq) profiles soon after the limnic eruptions were estimated for Lakes Monoun and Nyos using the CTD data obtained in October and November 1986,...
Development of pan-Arctic database for river chemistry
J.W. McClelland, R.M. Holmes, B. J. Peterson, R. Amon, T. Brabets, L. Cooper, J. Gibson, V.V. Gordeev, C. Guay, D. Milburn, R. Staples, P.A. Raymond, I. Shiklomanov, Robert G. Striegl, A. Zhulidov, T. Gurtovaya, S. Zimov
2008, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (89) 217-218
More than 10% of all continental runoff flows into the Arctic Ocean. This runoff is a dominant feature of the Arctic Ocean with respect to water column structure and circulation. Yet understanding of the chemical characteristics of runoff from the pan-Arctic watershed is surprisingly limited. The Pan- Arctic River Transport...
The use of groundwater age as a calibration target
Leonard F. Konikow, G.Z. Hornberger, L.D. Putnam, A.M. Shapiro, B.A. Zinn
2008, Conference Paper, IAHS-AISH Publication
Groundwater age (or residence time), as estimated on the basis of concentrations of one or more environmental tracers, can provide a useful and independent calibration target for groundwater models. However, concentrations of environmental tracers are affected by the complexities and mixing inherent in groundwater flow through heterogeneous media, especially in...
Change-in-ratio density estimator for feral pigs is less biased than closed mark-recapture estimates
L.B. Hanson, J.B. Grand, M.S. Mitchell, D.B. Jolley, B.D. Sparklin, S.S. Ditchkoff
2008, Wildlife Research (35) 695-699
Closed-population capture-mark-recapture (CMR) methods can produce biased density estimates for species with low or heterogeneous detection probabilities. In an attempt to address such biases, we developed a density-estimation method based on the change in ratio (CIR) of survival between two populations where survival, calculated using an open-population CMR model, is...
Agriculture-related trends in groundwater quality of the glacial deposits aquifer, central Wisconsin
D. A. Saad
2008, Conference Paper, Journal of Environmental Quality
Measuring and understanding trends in groundwater quality is necessary for determining whether changes in land-management practices have an effect on groundwater quality. This paper describes an approach that was used to measure and understand trends using data from two groundwater studies conducted in central Wisconsin as part of the USGS...
Widespread occurrence of the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in the southeastern USA
B.B. Rothermel, S.C. Walls, J.C. Mitchell, C.K. Dodd Jr., L.K. Irwin, D. E. Green, Victoria M. Vazquez, James W. Petranka, Dirk J. Stevenson
2008, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (82) 3-18
From 1999 to 2006, we sampled >1200 amphibians for the fungal pathogen Batrachochytnum dendrobatidis (Bd) at 30 sites in the southeastern USA. Using histological techniques or PCR assays, we detected chytrid infection in 10 species of aquatic-breeding amphibians in 6 states. The prevalence of chytrid infection was 17.8% for samples...
