Utility of shallow-water ATRIS images in defining biogeologic processes and self-similarity in skeletal scleractinia, Florida reefs
B. H. Lidz, J. C. Brock, D.B. Nagle
2008, Conference Paper, Journal of Coastal Research
A recently developed remote-sensing instrument acquires high-quality digital photographs in shallow-marine settings within water depths of 15 m. The technology, known as the Along-Track Reef-Imaging System, provides remarkably clear, georeferenced imagery that allows visual interpretation of benthic class (substrates, organisms) for mapping coral reef habitats, as intended. Unforeseen, however, are...
Igneous phenocrystic origin of K-feldspar megacrysts in granitic rocks from the Sierra Nevada batholith
J.G. Moore, T. W. Sisson
2008, Geosphere (4) 387-400
Study of four K-feldspar megacrystic granitic plutons and related dikes in the Sierra Nevada composite batholith indicates that the megacrysts are phenocrysts that grew in contact with granitic melt. Growth to megacrystic sizes was due to repeated replenishment of the magma bodies by fresh granitic melt that maintained temperatures above...
The imaging performance of the SRC on Mars Express
J. Oberst, G. Schwarz, T. Behnke, H. Hoffmann, K.-D. Matz, J. Flohrer, H. Hirsch, T. Roatsch, F. Scholten, E. Hauber, B. Brinkmann, R. Jaumann, D. Williams, Randolph L. Kirk, T. Duxbury, C. Leu, G. Neukum
2008, Planetary and Space Science (56) 473-491
The Mars Express spacecraft carries the pushbroom scanner high-resolution stereo camera (HRSC) and its added imaging subsystem super resolution channel (SRC). The SRC is equipped with its own optical system and a 1024×1024 framing sensor. SRC produces snapshots with 2.3 m ground pixel size from the nominal spacecraft pericenter height of...
Fine root dynamics and forest production across a calcium gradient in northern hardwood and conifer ecosystems
B.B. Park, R.D. Yanai, T.J. Fahey, S.W. Bailey, T.G. Siccama, J. B. Shanley, N.L. Cleavitt
2008, Ecosystems (11) 325-341
Losses of soil base cations due to acid rain have been implicated in declines of red spruce and sugar maple in the northeastern USA. We studied fine root and aboveground biomass and production in five northern hardwood and three conifer stands differing in soil Ca status at Sleepers River, VT;...
The effects of land use on fluvial sediment chemistry for the conterminous U.S. - Results from the first cycle of the NAWQA Program: Trace and major elements, phosphorus, carbon, and sulfur
A. J. Horowitz, V. C. Stephens
2008, Science of the Total Environment (400) 290-314
In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began the first cycle of its National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. The Program encompassed 51 river basins that collectively accounted for more than 70% of the total water use (excluding power generation), and 50% of the drinking water supply in the U.S....
Biotechnology and DNA vaccines for aquatic animals
Gael Kurath
2008, OIE Revue Scientifique et Technique (27) 175-196
Biotechnology has been used extensively in the development of vaccines for aquaculture. Modern molecular methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cloning and microarray analysis have facilitated antigen discovery, construction of novel candidate vaccines, and assessments of vaccine efficacy, mode of action, and host response. This review focuses on DNA...
100 Myr record of sequences, sedimentary facies and sea level change from Ocean Drilling Program onshore coreholes, US Mid-Atlantic coastal plain
J.V. Browning, K.G. Miller, P. J. Sugarman, M.A. Kominz, P.P. McLaughlin, A.A. Kulpecz, M.D. Feigenson
2008, Basin Research (20) 227-248
We analyzed the latest Early Cretaceous to Miocene sections (???110-7Ma) in 11 New Jersey and Delaware onshore coreholes (Ocean Drilling Program Legs 150X and 174AX). Fifteen to seventeen Late Cretaceous and 39-40 Cenozoic sequence boundaries were identified on the basis of physical and temporal breaks. Within-sequence changes follow predictable patterns...
Overcompensatory response of a smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) population to harvest: Release from competition?
E.F. Zipkin, P.J. Sullivan, E.G. Cooch, C.E. Kraft, B.J. Shuter, B.C. Weidel
2008, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (65) 2279-2292
An intensive seven-year removal of adult, juvenile, and young-of-the-year smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) from a north temperate lake (Little Moose Lake, New York, USA) resulted in an increase in overall population abundance, primarily due to increased abundance of immature individuals. We developed a density-dependent, stage-structured model to examine conditions under...
Mineralogical and compositional characteristics of Late Permian coals from an area of high lung cancer rate in Xuan Wei, Yunnan, China: Occurrence and origin of quartz and chamosite
S. Dai, L. Tian, C. L. Chou, Y. Zhou, M. Zhang, L. Zhao, Jingyuan Wang, Z. Yang, H. Cao, D. Ren
2008, International Journal of Coal Geology (76) 318-327
Some townships in Xuan Wei County, Yunnan Province, have one of the highest lung cancer mortality rates in China and the epidemic disease in the area has generally been attributed to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) released from domestic coal burning. However, the cancer-causing culprit is not settled as Tian...
A simulation model for projecting changes in salinity concentrations and species dominance in the coastal margin habitats of the Everglades
S.Y. Teh, D.L. DeAngelis, L.D.S.L. Sternberg, F. R. Miralles-Wilhelm, T.J. Smith, H. L. Koh
2008, Ecological Modelling (213) 245-256
Sharp boundaries typically separate the salinity tolerant mangroves from the salinity intolerant hardwood hammock species, which occupy the similar geographical areas of southern Florida. Evidence of strong feedback between tree community-type and the salinity of the unsaturated (vadose) zone of the soil suggests that a severe disturbance that significantly tilts...
Fundamental limits to the accuracy of deuterium isotopes for identifying the spatial origin of migratory animals
A. Farmer, B.S. Cade, J. Torres-Dowdall
2008, Oecologia (158) 183-192
Deuterium isotope analyses have revolutionized the study of migratory connectivity because global gradients of deuterium in precipitation (??DP) are expressed on a continental scale. Several authors have constructed continental scale base maps of ??DP to provide a spatial reference for studying the movement patterns of migratory species and, although they...
Seasonal passerine migratory movements over the arid Southwest
Rodney K. Felix, Robert H. Diehl, Janet M. Ruth
2008, Studies in Avian Biology (37) 126-137
Biannually, millions of Neotropical and Nearctic migratory birds traverse the arid southwestern US-Mexico borderlands, yet our knowledge of avian migration patterns and behaviors in this region is extremely limited. To describe the spatial and temporal patterns of migration, we examined echoes from weather surveillance radar sites across the American Southwest...
Modeling the effects of fire severity and spatial complexity on Small Mammals in Yosemite National Park, California
Susan L. Roberts, Jan W. Van Wagtendonk, A. Keith Miles, Douglas A. Kelt, James A. Lutz
2008, Fire Ecology (4) 83-104
We evaluated the impact of fire severity and related spatial and vegetative parameters on small mammal populations in 2 yr- to 15 yr-old burns in Yosemite National Park, California, USA. We also developed habitat models that would predict small mammal responses to fires of differing severity. We hypothesized that fire...
Naturalness and beyond: Protected area stewardship in an era of global environmental change
David N. Cole, Laurie Yung, Erika S. Zavaleta, Gregory H. Aplet, F. Stuart Chapin III, David M. Graber, Eric S. Higgs, Richard J. Hobbs, Peter B. Landres, Constance I. Millar, David J. Parsons, John M. Randall, Nathan L. Stephenson, Kathy A. Tonnessen, Peter S. White, Stephen Woodley
2008, George Wright Society Forum (25) 36-56
For most large U.S. parks and wilderness areas, enabling legislation and management policy call for preservation of these protected areas unimpaired in perpetuity. Central to the notions of protection, preservation, and unimpairment has been the concept of maintaining “naturalness,” a condition imagined by many to persist over time in the...
When desert tortoises are rare: Testing a new protocol for assessing status
Kevin Keith, Kristin H. Berry, James F. Weigand
2008, California Fish and Game (94) 75-97
We developed and tested a new protocol for sampling populations of the desert tortoise, Gopherus agassizii, a state- and federally listed species, in areas where population densities are very low, historical data are sparse, and anthropogenic uses may threaten the well-being of tortoise populations and habitat. We conducted a 3-year...
At-sea distribution of satellite-tracked grey-faced petrels, Pterodroma macroptera gouldi, captured on the Ruamaahua (Aldermen) Islands, New Zealand
Catriona MacLeod, Josh Adams, Phil Lyver
2008, Papers and Proceedings Royal Society of Tasmania (142) 73-88
We used satellite telemetry to determine the at-sea distribution of 32 adult (non-breeders and failed breeders) Grey-faced Petrels, Pterodroma macroptera gouldi, during July-October in 2006 and 2007. Adults captured at breeding colonies on the Ruamaahua (Aldermen) Islands ranged across the southwestern Pacific Ocean and Tasman Sea between 20-49°S and 142°E...
Distribution of breeding Arizona Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum ammolegus) in the southwestern United States: Past, present, and future
Janet M. Ruth
2008, Studies in Avian Biology (37) 113-124
The Arizona Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum ammolegus) breeds in desert grasslands of southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico in the US, and in adjacent parts of northern Sonora and Chihuahua, Mexico. Roads that were surveyed in 1982 and 1987 in Arizona and New Mexico were relocated and roadside survey protocols...
Status of the desert tortoise in Red Rock Canyon State Park
Kristin H. Berry, Kevin Keith, Tracy Y. Bailey
2008, California Fish and Game (94) 98-118
We surveyed for desert tortoises, Gopherus agassizii, in the western part of Red Rock Canyon State Park and watershed in eastern Kern County, California, between 2002 and 2004. We used two techniques: a single demographic plot (~4 km2 ) and 37 landscape plots (1-ha each). We estimated population densities of...
Genetic diversity among sea otter isolates of Toxoplasma gondii
N. Sundar, Rebecca A. Cole, N. J. Thomas, D. Majumdar, J. P. Dubey, C. Su
2008, Veterinary Parasitology (151) 125-132
Sea otters (Enhydra lutris) have been reported to become infected with Toxoplasma gondiiand at times succumb to clinical disease. Here, we determined genotypes of 39 T. gondiiisolates from 37 sea otters in two geographically distant locations (25 from California and 12 from Washington). Six genotypes were identified using 10 PCR-RFLP genetic markers...
Development and Application of a Decision Support System for Water Management Investigations in the Upper Yakima River, Washington
Ken D. Bovee, Terry J. Waddle, Colin Talbert, James R. Hatten, Thomas R. Batt
2008, Open-File Report 2008-1251
The Yakima River Decision Support System (YRDSS) was designed to quantify and display the consequences of different water management scenarios for a variety of state variables in the upper Yakima River Basin, located in central Washington. The impetus for the YRDSS was the Yakima River Basin Water Storage Feasibility Study,...
Mathematical models frame environmental dispute [Review of the article Useless arithmetic: Ten points to ponder when using mathematical models in environmental decision making]
Berton Lee Lamb, Nina Burkardt
2008, Public Administration Review (68) 55-60
When Linda Pilkey- Jarvis and Orrin Pilkey state in their article, "Useless Arithmetic," that "mathematical models are simplified, generalized representations of a process or system," they probably do not mean to imply that these models are simple. Rather, the models are simpler than nature and that is the heart of...
Techniques for Monitoring Razorback Sucker in the Lower Colorado River, Hoover to Parker Dams, 2006-2007, Final Report
Gordon A. Mueller, Richard Wydoski, Eric Best, Steve Hiebert, Jeff Lantow, Mark Santee, Bill Goettlicher, Joe Millosovich
2008, Open-File Report 2008-1245
Trammel netting is generally the accepted method of monitoring razorback sucker in reservoirs, but this method is ineffective for monitoring this fish in rivers. Trammel nets set in the current become fouled with debris, and nets set in backwaters capture high numbers of nontarget species. Nontargeted fish composed 97 percent...
Organochlorine pesticide, polychlorinated biphenyl, trace element and metal residues in bird eggs from Salton Sea, California, 2004
Charles J. Henny, T. W. Anderson, J.J. Crayon
2008, Hydrobiologia (604) 137-149
The Salton Sea is a highly eutrophic, hypersaline terminal lake that receives inflows primarily from agricultural drainages in the Imperial and Coachella valleys. Impending reductions in water inflow at Salton Sea may concentrate existing contaminants which have been a concern for many years, and result in higher exposure to birds....
Rivers and streams: Ecosystem dynamics and integrating paradigms
K.W. Cummins, M.A. Wilzbach
2008, Book chapter, Encyclopedia of ecology
Full understanding of running waters requires an ecosystem perspective, which encompasses the physical and chemical setting in interaction with dependent biological communities. Several conceptual models or paradigms of river and stream ecosystems that capture critical components of lotic ecosystems have been developed, including the ‘river continuum concept’, to describe fluxes...
Fire management and invasive plants- A handbook
Matthew L. Brooks, Michael Lusk
2008, Report
Fire management can help maintain natural habitats, increase forage for wildlife, reduce fuel loads that might otherwise lead to catastrophic wildfire, and maintain natural succession. Today, there is an emerging challenge that fire managers need to be aware of: invasive plants. Fire management activities can create ideal opportunities for invasions...
