Evaluation of an index of biotic integrity approach used to assess biological condition in western U.S. streams and rivers at varying spatial scales
M. R. Meador, T.R. Whittier, R. M. Goldstein, R. M. Hughes, D.V. Peck
2008, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (137) 13-22
Consistent assessments of biological condition are needed across multiple ecoregions to provide a greater understanding of the spatial extent of environmental degradation. However, consistent assessments at large geographic scales are often hampered by lack of uniformity in data collection, analyses, and interpretation. The index of biotic integrity (IBI) has been...
Textural, mineralogical and stable isotope studies of hydrothermal alteration in the main sulfide zone of the Great Dyke, Zimbabwe and the precious metals zone of the Sonju Lake Intrusion, Minnesota, USA
C. Li, E.M. Ripley, T. Oberthur, J.D. Miller Jr., G.D. Joslin
2008, Mineralium Deposita (43) 97-110
Stratigraphic offsets in the peak concentrations of platinum-group elements (PGE) and base-metal sulfides in the main sulfide zone of the Great Dyke and the precious metals zone of the Sonju Lake Intrusion have, in part, been attributed to the interaction between magmatic PGE-bearing base-metal sulfide assemblages and hydrothermal fluids. In...
Influence of landscape structure on reef fish assemblages
R. Grober-Dunsmore, T.K. Frazer, J.P. Beets, W.J. Lindberg, P. Zwick, N.A. Funicelli
2008, Landscape Ecology (23) 37-53
Management of tropical marine environments calls for interdisciplinary studies and innovative methodologies that consider processes occurring over broad spatial scales. We investigated relationships between landscape structure and reef fish assemblage structure in the US Virgin Islands. Measures of landscape structure were transformed into a reduced set of composite indices using...
Associating seasonal range characteristics with survival of female white-tailed deer
R. W. Klaver, J.A. Jenks, C.S. Deperno, S.L. Griffin
2008, Journal of Wildlife Management (72) 343-353
Delineating populations is critical for understanding population dynamics and managing habitats. Our objective was to delineate subpopulations of migratory female white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in the central Black Hills, South Dakota and Wyoming, USA, on summer and winter ranges. We used fuzzy classification to assign radiocollared deer to subpopulations based...
Morphology and 18S rDNA of Henneguya gurlei (Myxosporea) from Ameiurus nebulosus (Siluriformes) in North Carolina
L. R. Iwanowicz, D.D. Iwanowicz, L.M. Pote, V. S. Blazer, W. B. Schill
2008, Journal of Parasitology (94) 46-57
Henneguya gurlei was isolated from Ameiurus nebulosus captured in North Carolina and redescribed using critical morphological features and 18S small-subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rDNA) gene sequence. Plasmodia are white, spherical, or subspherical, occur in clusters, measure up to 1.8 mm in length, and are located on the dorsal, pectoral, and...
Collaboration tools and techniques for large model datasets
R. P. Signell, S. Carniel, J. Chiggiato, I. Janekovic, J. Pullen, C. R. Sherwood
2008, Journal of Marine Systems (69) 154-161
In MREA and many other marine applications, it is common to have multiple models running with different grids, run by different institutions. Techniques and tools are described for low-bandwidth delivery of data from large multidimensional datasets, such as those from meteorological and oceanographic models, directly into generic analysis and visualization...
Morphology and histology of the alimentary canal of Lygus hesperus (Heteroptera: Cimicomoropha: Miridae)
J. Habibi, T.A. Coudron, E.A. Backus, S.L. Brandt, R.M. Wagner, M.K. Wright, J.E. Huesing
2008, Annals of the Entomological Society of America (101) 159-171
Microdissection and transverse semithin sections were used to perform a light microscopy survey of the gross morphology and cellular anatomy of the alimentary canal, respectively, of Lygus hesperus Knight, a key pest of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), and other crops. The gross morphology of the alimentary...
Low thermal tolerances of stream amphibians in the Pacific Northwest: Implications for riparian and forest management
R.B. Bury
2008, Applied Herpetology (5) 63-74
Temperature has a profound effect on survival and ecology of amphibians. In the Pacific Northwest, timber harvest is known to increase peak stream temperatures to 24??C or higher, which has potential to negatively impact cold-water stream amphibians. I determined the Critical Thermal Maxima (CT max) for two salamanders that are...
Mapping vegetation communities using statistical data fusion in the Ozark National Scenic Riverways, Missouri, USA
R.A. Chastain Jr., M.A. Struckhoff, H.S. He, D.R. Larsen
2008, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (74) 247-264
A vegetation community map was produced for the Ozark National Scenic Riverways consistent with the association level of the National Vegetation Classification System. Vegetation communities were differentiated using a large array of variables derived from remote sensing and topographic data, which were fused into independent mathematical functions using a discriminant...
Meteorological characteristics and overland precipitation impacts of atmospheric rivers affecting the West coast of North America based on eight years of SSM/I satellite observations
P.J. Neiman, F.M. Ralph, G.A. Wick, J.D. Lundquist, M. D. Dettinger
2008, Journal of Hydrometeorology (9) 22-47
The pre-cold-frontal low-level jet within oceanic extratropical cyclones represents the lower-tropospheric component of a deeper corridor of concentrated water vapor transport in the cyclone warm sector. These corridors are referred to as atmospheric rivers (ARs) because they are narrow relative to their length scale and are responsible for most of...
Magnetic resonance imaging of live freshwater mussels (Unionidae)
Holliman F. Michael, Denise Davis, Arthur E. Bogan, Thomas J. Kwak, W. Gregory Cope, Jay F. Levine
2008, Invertebrate Biology (127) 396-402
We examined the soft tissues of live freshwater mussels, Eastern elliptio Elliptio complanata, via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), acquiring data with a widely available human whole-body MRI system. Anatomical features depicted in the profile images included the foot, stomach, intestine, anterior and posterior adductor muscles, and pericardial cavity. Noteworthy observations on...
Passive microwave (SSM/I) satellite predictions of valley glacier hydrology, Matanuska Glacier, Alaska
S.E. Kopczynski, J. Ramage, D. Lawson, S. Goetz, E. Evenson, J. Denner, G. Larson
2008, Geophysical Research Letters (35)
We advance an approach to use satellite passive microwave observations to track valley glacier snowmelt and predict timing of spring snowmelt-induced floods at the terminus. Using 37 V GHz brightness temperatures (Tb) from the Special Sensor Microwave hnager (SSM/I), we monitor snowmelt onset when both Tb and the difference between...
An autocorrelation method to detect low frequency earthquakes within tremor
J.R. Brown, G. C. Beroza, D.R. Shelly
2008, Geophysical Research Letters (35)
Recent studies have shown that deep tremor in the Nankai Trough under western Shikoku consists of a swarm of low frequency earthquakes (LFEs) that occur as slow shear slip on the down-dip extension of the primary seismogenic zone of the plate interface. The similarity of tremor in other locations suggests...
Evaluation of an offline method for the analysis of atmospheric reactive gaseous mercury and particulate mercury
A.P. Rutter, K.L. Hanford, J.T. Zwers, A. L. Perillo-Nicholas, J.J. Schauer, M.L. Olson
2008, Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association (58) 377-383
Reactive gaseous mercury (RGM) and particulate mercury (PHg) were collected in Milwaukee, WI, between April 2004 and May 2005, and in Riverside, CA, between July 25 and August 7, 2005 using sorbent and filter substrates. The substrates were analyzed for mercury by thermal desorption analysis (TDA) using a purpose-built instrument....
Chronic toxicity of hydrogen peroxide to Daphnia magna in a continuous exposure, flow-through test system
J.R. Meinertz, Shari L. Greseth, M.P. Gaikowski, L.J. Schmidt
2008, Science of the Total Environment (392) 225-232
A flow-through, continuous exposure test system was developed to expose Daphnia magna to an unstable compound. 35% Perox-Aid?? is a specially formulated hydrogen peroxide (a highly oxidative chemical) product approved for use in U.S. aquaculture and therefore has the potential to be released from aquaculture facilities and pose a risk...
Biodynamic modeling of PCB uptake by Macoma balthica and Corbicula fluminea from sediment amended with activated carbon
Pamela B. McLeod, S. N. Luoma, R.G. Luthy
2008, Environmental Science & Technology (42) 484-490
Activated carbon amendment was assessed in the laboratory as a remediation strategy for freshwater sediment contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from the Grasse River (near Massena, NY). Three end points were evaluated: aqueous equilibrium PCB concentration, uptake into semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs), and 28-day bioaccumulation in the clam Corbicula fluminea....
Relation between species assemblages of fishes and water quality in salt ponds and sloughs in South San Francisco Bay
F. Mejia, M. K. Saiki, John Y. Takekawa
2008, Southwestern Naturalist (53) 335-345
This study was conducted to characterize fishery resources inhabiting salt-evaporation ponds and sloughs in South San Francisco Bay, and to identify key environmental variables that influence distribution of fishes. The ponds, which were originally constructed and operated for commercial production of salt, have undergone preliminary modifications (installation of culverts, gates,...
Survival of dusky Canada goose goslings in relation to weather and annual nest success
T.F. Fondell, David A. Miller, J. Barry Grand, R Michael Anthony
2008, Journal of Wildlife Management (72) 1614-1621
The dusky Canada goose (Branta canadensis occidentalis) population has been in long‐term decline, likely due to reduced breeding productivity, but gosling survival of this population had not been examined. We studied gosling survival in broods of radiomarked adult females on the western Copper River Delta, Alaska, USA, during 1997–1999 and...
Distribution of heavy metals and foraminiferal assemblages in sediments of Biscayne Bay, Florida, USA
E. A. Carnahan, A.M. Hoare, P. Hallock, B. H. Lidz, C. D. Reich
2008, Journal of Coastal Research (24) 159-169
Heavy-metal pollution is an issue of concern in estuaries influenced by agriculture, urban, and harbor activities. Foraminiferal assemblages have been shown to be effective indicators of pollution. Sediment samples (n = 110) from Biscayne Bay were analyzed for heavy metals, foraminiferal assemblages, and grain-size distribution. Highest Cu, Zn, Cr, Hg,...
Porewater biogeochemistry and soil metabolism in dwarf red mangrove habitats (Twin Cays, Belize)
R.Y. Lee, W.P. Porubsky, Ilka C. Feller, K.L. McKee, S.B. Joye
2008, Biogeochemistry (87) 181-198
Seasonal variability in biogeochemical signatures was used to elucidate the dominant pathways of soil microbial metabolism and elemental cycling in an oligotrophic mangrove system. Three interior dwarf mangrove habitats (Twin Cays, Belize) where surface soils were overlain by microbial mats were sampled during wet and dry periods of the year....
Evaporite-karst problems and studies in the USA
K.S. Johnson
2008, Conference Paper, Environmental Geology
Evaporites, including rock salt (halite) and gypsum (or anhydrite), are the most soluble among common rocks; they dissolve readily to form the same types of karst features that commonly are found in limestones and dolomites. Evaporites are present in 32 of the 48 contiguous states in USA, and they underlie...
The influence of dissolved organic carbon on bacterial phosphorus uptake and bacteria-phytoplankton dynamics in two Minnesota lakes
E.G. Stets, J.B. Cotner
2008, Limnology and Oceanography (53) 137-147
The balance of production in any ecosystem is dependent on the flow of limiting nutrients into either the autotrophic or heterotrophic components of the food web. To understand one of the important controls on the flow of inorganic nutrients between phytoplankton and bacterioplankton in lakes, we manipulated dissolved organic carbon...
Observations of the north polar water ice annulus on Mars using THEMIS and TES
Kiri L. Wagstaff, Timothy N. Titus, Anton B. Ivanov, Rebecca Castano, Joshua L. Bandfield
2008, Planetary and Space Science (56) 256-265
The Martian seasonal CO2 ice caps advance and retreat each year. In the spring, as the CO2 cap gradually retreats, it leaves behind an extensive defrosting zone from the solid CO2 cap to the location where all CO2 frost has sublimated. We have been studying this phenomenon in the north...
Immunization of black-tailed prairie dog against plague through consumption of vaccine-laden baits
Tonie E. Rocke, Susan Smith, D.T. Stinchcomb, Jorge E. Osorio
2008, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (44) 930-937
Prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.) are highly susceptible to Yersinia pestis and, along with other wild rodents, are significant reservoirs of plague for other wildlife and humans in the western United States. A recombinant raccoon poxvirus, expressing the F1 antigen of Y. pestis, was incorporated into a palatable bait and offered to three groups (n=18,...
Evaluating sampling designs by computer simulation: A case study with the Missouri bladderpod
L.W. Morrison, D. R. Smith, C. Young, D.W. Nichols
2008, Population Ecology (50) 417-425
To effectively manage rare populations, accurate monitoring data are critical. Yet many monitoring programs are initiated without careful consideration of whether chosen sampling designs will provide accurate estimates of population parameters. Obtaining accurate estimates is especially difficult when natural variability is high, or limited budgets determine that only a small...
